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-XMFRICANSPORTi PUBLISHING CO.

NEW YORK

£ Illustrated

Catalogue

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Foot Ball Rules

as recommended to the

University Athletic Club

by the

Rules Committee

consisting of

Paul J. Dashiell, of Johns HopJdns University; Alexan-iet
Moffai, of Princeton , John C. Bell, oj the Univer-
sity oj Pennsylvania ; L. M. Dennis, of
Cornell ; Robert D. IVrenn, of
Harvard, and Walter
.Camp, of Yale.

Edited by Walter Camp

for publication liy the

American Sports Publishing Company

i6 and iS Park Place

New York

AN INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER FOR
BEGINNERS

Those who are taking up the sport for the first time should
observe certain rules which will enable them to become adept
players with less mistakes than perhaps would otherwise fall to
their lot.

A beginner in foot ball should do two things : He should read
the rules and he should, if possible, watch the practice. If the
latter be impossible, he and his mates must, after having read
the rules, start in and, with eleven men on a side, play accord-
ing to their own interpretation of these rules. When differences
of opinion arise as to the meaning of any rule, a letter addressed
to some one of the players upon prominent teams will almost
always elicit a ready and satisfactory answer.

The first thing to be done in starting the practice is to provide
the accessories of the game, which in foot bail are of the simplest
kind. The field should be marked out with ordinary lime lines,
enclosing a space of 330 feet long and 160 feet wide. While not
absolutely necessary, it is customary to mark the field also with
transverse lines every five yards, for the benefit of the referee
in determining how far the ball is advanced at every down. In
the middle of the lines forming the ends of the field, the goal-
posts are erected, and should be eighteen feet six inches apart,
with cross-bar ten feet from the ground. The posts should pro-
ject several feet above the cross-bar. The ball used is an oval
leather cover containing a rubber inner, which is inflated by
means of a small air pump or the lungs. The ball used by the
principal teams is the Intercollegiate ]\Iatch, No. J, adopted by
the Intercollegiate Association and made by A. G. Spalding &
Bros. The costumes of the players form another very important
feature and should be of a proper and serviceable nature. An

ALEXANDER MOFFAT

Princeton,
Member Rules Committee,

Spalding's official foot ball guide. 7

innovation in uniforms was introduced a few years ago by Har-
vard in the shape of leather suits. They were expensive, and
while not on that account liable to be generally adopted, were
particularly light and good for a rainy day. With the exception
of one or two players, who will be mentioned later, the ordinary
player should wear a canvas jacket. This can be home-made or
purchased at a small expense from any athletic outfitter. It
should fit closely, but not too tightly, and lace up in front, so that
it may be drawn quite snugly. Some have elastic pieces set in
at the sides, back or arms, but these additions are by no .means
necessary. Jerseys with leather patches on elbows and shoulders
are also worn. The trousers should be of some stout material,
fustian, for example, and well padded. This padding can be done
by any seamstress, quiltmg m sott material over knees and
thighs, or the regular athletic outfitters furnish trousers pro-
vided with the padding. Long woolen stockings are worn, and
not infrequently shin guards, by men playing in the forward
line. The most important feature of the entire uniform is the
shoe. This may be the ordinary canvas and leather base ball
shoe with leather cross-pieces nailed across the sole to prevent
slipping. Such is the most inexpensive form, but the best shoes
are made entirely of leather, of moderately stout material, fitting
the foot firmly, yet comfortably, lacing well up on the ankle, and
the soles provided with a small leather spike which can be re-
newed when worn down. Inside this shoe, and either attached
to the bottom of it or not, as preferred, a thin leather anklet
laces tightly over the foot, and is an almost sure preventive of
sprained ankles. The cap may be of almost any variety, and
except in the cases of half-backs and back, does not play any very
important part. These men should, however, have caps with
visors to protect their eyes from the sun when catching a long
kick.

Underneath the canvas jackets any woolen underwear may be
put on, most players wearing knit jerseys. As mentioned above,
there are two or three players who can, to advantage, go without
the regulation canvas jacket and wear a jersey in its place. These
are the quarter-back, and sometimes the centre-rush or snap-

JOHN C. BELL,

University of Pennsylvania,
Member Rules Committee,

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 9

back, and finally the full-back, IT he be a kicking full-back only.
that is, one who does not attempt to do much running.

The team of eleven men is usually divided into seven rushers
or forwards, who stand in a line facing their seven opponents ;
a quarter-back, who stands just behind this line; two half-backs,
a few yards behind the quarter-back; and finally, a full-back or
goal tend, who stands a dozen yards or so behind the half-backs.
This gives the general formation, but is, of course, dependent
upon the plays to be executed.

Before commencing practice, a man should be chosen to act
as referee, umpire and linesman, for in practice games it is
hardly necessary to have- more than one official. The two sides
then toss up, and the one winning the toss has choice of goal or
kick-off. If there be a wind, the winner will naturally and wisely
take the goal from which that wind is blowing and allow his
opponent to have the ball. If there be no advantage in the goals
he may choose the kick-off, and his opponents in that case take
whichever goal they like. The two teams then line up; the
holders of the ball placing it upon the exact centre of the field,
and the opponents being obliged to stand back in their own terri-
tory at least ten yards, until the ball has been touched with the
foot. Some man of the side having the kick-off must then kick
the ball at least ten yards into the opponents' territory. Prefer-
ably, therefore, he will send it across the goal line or else as far a.-, lie
can, and still have his forwards reach the spot in season to prevent too
great headway being acquired by the opponents' interference, but he
will not kick it across the side line. The opponents then catch it and
return it by a kick, or they run with it. If one of them runs with
it he may be tackled by the opponents. As soon as the ball is
fairly held, that is, both player and ball brought to a standstill,
the referee blows his wliistle and the runner has the ball "down."
and someone upon his side, usually the man called the snap-back
or centre-rush, must place the ball on the ground at that spot for
"a scrimmage," as it is termed. The ball is then put in play
again (while the men of each team keep on their own side of the
ball, under the penalty of a foul for off-side play) by the snap-

L. M. DENNIS,

Cornell,
Member Rules Comsnittee,

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. II

back's kicking the ball or snapping it back, either with his foot,
or more commonly with his hand, to a player of his own side
just behind him, who is called the quarter-back. The ball is in
play, and both sides may press forward as soon as the ball is put
in motion by the snap-back. Naturally, however, as the quar-
ter-back usually passes it still further behind him to a half-back,
or back, to kick or run with, it is the opposing side which is most
anxious to push forward, while the side having the ball en-
deavor by all lawful means to retard that advance until their run-
ner or kicker has had time to execute his play. It is this an-
tagonism of desire on the part of both sides that has given rise
to the special legislation regarding the use of the hands, body and
arms of the contestants — and beginners must carefully note the
distinction. As soon as the snap-back has sent the ball behind
him, he has really placed all the men in his own line off-side,
that is, between the ball and the opponent's goal, and they, there-
fore, can, theoretically, occupy only the position in which they
stand, while the opponents have the legal right to run past them
as quickly as possible. For this reason, and bearing in mind
that the men "on side" have the best claim to right of way, it
has been enacted that the side having possession of the ball may
not use their hands or arms, but only their bodies, when thus
off-side, to obstruct or interrupt their adversaries, while the side
running through in the endeavor to stop the runner, or secure
possession of the ball, may use their hands and arms to make
passage for themselves.

The game thus progresses in a series of downs, followed by
runs or kicks, as the case may be, the only limildtion being that
of a rule designed to prevent one side continually keeping pos-
jession of the ball without any material advance or retreat, which
ivould be manifestly unfair to the opponents. This rule pro-
vides that in three "downs" or attempts to advance the ball, a
side not having made five yards toward the opponents' goal or
retreated twenty yards toward their own goal, must surrender
possession of the ball. As a matter of fact, it. is seldom that a
team actually surrenders the ball in this way, because, after two

ROBERT D. WRENN,

Harvard,

Mciiibo' Kulcs Coin/nittee.

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GHIDE. I3

attempts, if the prospects of completing the five-yard gain appear
small, it is so manifestly politic to kick the ball as far as possible
down the field, that such a method is more likely to be adopted
than to make a last attempt by a run and give the enemy pos-
session almost on the spot. In such an exigency, if a kick be
made, the rules provide that it must be such a kick as to give the
opponents fair and equal chance to gain possession of the ball
and must go beyond the line of scrimmage unless stopped by an
opponent. There is one other element entering into this progress
of the game, and that is the fair catch. This can be made from
a kick by the opponents, provided the catcher takes the ball on
the fly, and, no other of his own side touching it, plants his. heel
in the ground at the spot where the catch is made. This entitles
him to a free kick; that is, his opponents cannot come within
ten yards of his mark, made by heeling the catch, while he and
his side may retire such distance toward his own goal as he sees
fit, and then make a punt or a drop, or give the ball to some one
of his own side to place the ball for a place kick. Here again,
as at kick-off, when taking the free kick, he must make an actual
kick of at least ten yards, unless the ball is stopped by the op-
ponents. His own men must be behind the ball when he kicks
it, or be adjudged off-side.

Whenever the ball goes across the side boundary line of the
field, it is said to go "into touch," or out of bounds, and it must
be at once brought back to the point wdiere it crossed the line,
and then put in play by some member of the side which carried
it out, or first secured possession of it after it went out. The
methods of putting it in play are as follows : To touch it in at
right angles to the touch-line, and then kick it, or most com-
monly, walk into the field and make an ordinary scrimmage of it,
the same as after a down. In this latter case, the player who
intends walking in with it must, before stepping into the field,
declare how many paces he will walk in. in order that the op-
ponents may know where the ball will be put in play. He must
walk in at least five and not more than fifteen yards. We will
suppose that the ball by a succession of these plays, runs, kicks.

WALTER CAMP,

Yale,
Aletnber Rules Comtnittce,

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 1 5

downs, fair catches, etc., has advanced toward one or the other
of the goals, until it is within kicking distance of the goal posts.
The question will now arise in the mind of the captain of the
attacking side as to whether .his hest plan of operations will be
to try a drop kick at the goal, or to continue the running at-
tempts, in the hope of carrying the ball across the goal line, for
this latter play will count his side a touch-down, and entitle them
to a try-at-goal. On the other hand, upon any first down when
inside the twenty-five-yara line, if he try a drop kick and fail to
score, the ball can be brought out, not for a twenty-five yard line
kick-out, but only a ten-yard one ; that is, his side can line up at
ten yards, so that the defenders of the goal are actually forced to
kick out from almost within their own goal. In deciding, there-
fore, whether to try a drop kick or continue the running at-
tempts, he should reflect upon this and also upon the value of the
scores. The touch-down itself will count 5 points, even if he
afterward fail to convert it into a goal, by sending the ball over
the bar and between the posts, while, if he succeed in converting
it, the touch-down and goal together count 6 points. A drop
kick, if successful, counts 5 points, but is, of course, even if at-
tempted, by no means sure of resulting successfully. He must,
therefore, carefully consider all the issues at this point, and it is
in the handling of those problems that shows his quality as a cap-
tain. If he elects to continue his running attempts, and eventu-
ally carries the ball across the line, he secures a touch-down at
the spot where the ball is finally held, after being carried over,
and any player of his side may then bring it out, and when he
reaches a suitable distance, place the ball for one of his side to
kick, the opponents meantime standing behind their goal line. In
placing the ball it is held in the hands of the placer, close to, but
not touching the ground, and then carefully aimed until the di-
rection is proper. Then, at a signal from the kicker that it is
right, it is placed upon the ground, still steadied by the hand or
finger of the placer, and instantly kicked by the place kicker.
The reason for this keeping it off the ground until the last in-
stant is that the opponents can charge forward as soon as the

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. I7

ball touches the ground, and hence would surely stop the kic?:
if much time intervened. If the ball goes over the goal, it scores
as above indicated, and the opponents then take it to the middle
of the field for kick-off again, the same as at the commencement
of the match. The ball is also taken to the centre of the field if
the goal be missed after a touchdown, although form.erly the op-
ponents could then bring it out only to the twenty-five-yard line.

There is one other issue to be considered at this point, and
that is, if the ball be in possession of the defenders of the goal,
or if it fall into their hands when thus close to their own goal.
Of course they will naturally endeavor, by running or kicking,
to, if possible, free themselves from the unpleasant situation that
menaces them. Sometimes, however, this becomes impossible,
and there is a provision in the rules which gives them an oppor-
.tunity of relief, at a sacrifice it is true, but scoring less against
them than if their opponents should regain possession of the ball
and make a touch-down or a goal. A player may at any time
kick, pass or carry the ball across his own goal line, and there
touch it down for safety. This, while it scores two points for his
opponents, gives his side the privilege of bringing the ball out
to the twenty-five yard line, except as noted above, and then
taking a kick-out, performed like kick-off or any other free kick,
but it can be a drop kick, a place kick or a punt.

This succession of plays continues for thirty-five minutes in a
regular match. Then intervenes a ten-minute intermission, after
which the side which did not have the kick-off at the commence-
ment of the match has possession of the ball for the kick-off at
the second thirty-five minutes. The result of the match is deter-
mined by the number of points scored during the two halves, a
goal from a touch-down yielding 6 points, one from the field —
that is, without the aid of a touch-down — 5 points ; a touch-down
from which no goal is kicked giving 5 points, and a safety count-
ing 2 points for the opponents; In practice it is usual to have the
two periods of play considerably shorter than thirty-five min-
utes, generally not over twenty or thirty.

WALTER CAMP.

ALL-AMERICA ELEVEN FOR 1898

(Caspar Whitney, in Harper's Weekly)

Romeyn (West Point), full-back

Dibblee, Captain (Harvard), and McBride (Yale) half-backs.

Daly (Harvard") quarter-back.

Cunningham (Michigan), centre

Hare (Pennsylvania) and P>oal (Harvard) guards.

Chamberlin (Yale) and Hillebrand (Princeton), tackles.

Palmer (Princeton) and Hallowell (Harvard), ends.

SUBSTITUTES.
/« the line
Overfield (Pennsylvania), Brown (Yale), Burden (Harvard), Haughton (Harvard),
Donald (Harvard), Folwell (Pennsylvania), Poe (Princeton).

Back of the line.
Reid (Harvard), Warren (Harvard), Kromer (West Point), O'Dea (Wisconsin)

EXCEPT for some general improvement in punting, the foot ball
season of 'q8 marked no development deserving commenda-
tion. On the contrary, the average quality of play among the
larger university teams of the East, Harvard not included, was dis-
tinctly lower than that of 'g6 — I was in Siam and Sumatra hunting
big game in '97 and therefore saw none of the elevens of that year.
Among the smaller college teams East and South there appears to
have been about a maintenance of the level of play of two years ago.
In the Middle West, generally speaking, there has been a perceptible
advance, although two of the larger universities. Chicago and Wis-
consin, show less evidence of it than the others. Meanwhile the
standard of general play of the larger university teams. East and
West, is slowly and surely approaching a basis from which compari-
son is not only possible but highly creditable to the West. There is

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 21

not yet equality — it would be unreasonable to expect it — but the
West is no longer the unthinking pupil of the East.

New and distinct plays are developed, and defensive as well as
offensive work laid out on original lines. Michigan's line-up on the
defensive this year, though somewhat approaching University of
Pennsylvania's skilful arrangement of her back field, was an illustra-
tion in this respect. In the first class, the Eastern standard is yet
quite a bit higher than the Western; how much higher it is impos-
sible to judge accurately, and time wasted to speculate. Perhaps
three touchdowns higher would be a conservative guess. It should
be borne in mind by our Western reader that while Chicago was at
her best against University of Pennsylvania, the latter looked forward
to the meeting with Harvard as her crucial test and culminating effort
of the year. At the same time it must be acknowledged that Univer-
sity of Pennsylvania's play against Harvard was very little, if any,
stronger than against Chicago. But carrying out the comparison is
checked again by the fact that Harvard's final display of the year —
her top form, in other words — at New Haven, was, on the offensive,
a good twenty-five per cent, stronger than it had been at Cambridge
against University of Pennsylvania.

If I were pinned down to an expression of opinion on the compara-
tive merits of Eastern and Western play, I should unhesitatingly
declare Michigan, Chicago, Wisconsin, West Point, and Cornell in
the same class, with very little indeed to choose between at least the
leading two Westerners and the teams from Ithaca and the Military
Academy. Those who like to pursue these sectional comparisons to
the bitter end can, without much difficulty, discover the relative posi-
tions of West Point and Cornell in the Eastern ranking.

Between the smaller colleges of the East and of the West I am
inclined to think — although figures to corroborate my belief are want-
ing— that if we leave out Wesleyan and Brown and Carlisle, which
occupy a rank between West Point etal. and Dartmouth, which is the
undisputed leader of the New England League, the advantage will
be all with the West. The Western small college team, as a rule,
when it plays foot ball, plays with comparatively great offensive
strength, and a defence only slightly inferior to that of the Eastern
small college of corresponding size. Moreover, it looks as though

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 23

the faculties of the smaller Middle-Western colleges showed more
concern than do the faculties of some Eastern small colleges for the
ethical side of their sport. I wish to be understood as not including
western Pennsylvania and western Ohio and the Missouri Valley sec-
tion in this reference to comparative ethics in the Eastern and West-
ern small colleges.

The lesson of the season was contained in the triumph of the
evenly developed team. Never before has so striking an illustration
been given of the fallacy, in present-day foot ball, of relying upon
unusual strength in one direction to make amends for real weakness
in another. Not before has such incontrovertible evidence been fur-
nished to prove that, in the modern game, a strong line is not all-
sufficient to success. On the 5th of November University of Pennsyl-
vania had a line about as strong, defensively, as Harvard's, and
offensively a little stronger, yet Harvard scored and University of
Pennsylvania did not; Yale's line, defensively and offensively, was
stronger than Princeton's, yet Princeton scored and Yale did not.
University of Pennsylvania ran the ball about eighty yards more than
Harvard, and yet lost; Princeton gained during the game, including
Poe's ninety-five-yard run on a fumble, one hundred yards less than
Yale with the ball in hand, yet Princeton won.

It means, if it has any significance, that the team which is well
rounded out has material advantages in match play over one unevenly
developed, and yet more brilliant, perhaps, in one or even two direc-
tions. It means, furthermore, that after many tentative efforts the
kicking game has come to be an actuality. Not as an occasional
resort during a hotly contested match, but as a regularly organized
part of a team's play. The season has shown — emphasized its lesson
in this respect, indeed — that the kicking game does not begin and
end with merely booting the ball when no gain can be made by the
runners, does not, in fact, mean simply lifting the ball into the oppo-
nents' territory, or at least away from your goal-line, but it means
that the kicking game implies punting, supporting the backs' work
with the ends, and handling the kicks of the opponents.

Really this reads like the A B C of foot ball, and as a matter of
actual fact, so it is, and that being so, did any one ever see ele-
mentary principles more ignored than they were this year by Univer-

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 25

sity of Pennsylvania and — Yale? Fancy Yale disregarding the rudi-
ments ! Truly a change has come to New Haven.

Yale's ends proved indifferent support to even the mediocre punting
exhibited by the Blue at Princeton and again at New Haven, but
University of Pennsylvania revealed more startling evidence of ignor-
ance by permitting opponents* kicks to bounce and roll along
undisturbed towards her goal-line. Had one not seen it, one could
hardly believe a 'varsity team capable of such incompetency in this
particular. When University of Pennsylvania did not let the punted
ball bounce and roll, she muffed it, and Yale muffed and fumbled
more than her erring companion because she attempted to catch more
frequently.

In other respects Yale's work was strong: her running game and
her determined defence alone saved her from demoralization under
Princeton's continued punting, and spared her even a worse defeat,
by a couple of touchdowns, at New Haven, But a great part of the
time there was lacking that clean-cut, sharp team-work that has
been so prominent a feature of Yale's teams in recent years. Between
Yale and University of Pennsylvania, this year, it is difHcult to
choose. One had first-class and the other had indifferent initial
material in the back field. Yale's poor work was due largely to men
being laid up and unwise handling; University of Pennsylvania's
backs muffed and let the punted ball bounce and roll, probably be-
cause they did not have it in them to do better. The back fields of
both, at all events, neutralized the first-class work of their respective
lines. With Yale's back field in sound physical condition the team
would be strong enough, I think, to defeat University of Pennsyl-
vania, but on the showing made this season, the two are very evenly
matched, with perhaps the odds slightly in Yale's favor.

University of Pennsylvania depended throughout the year almost
entirely on the guards-back formation or system, but toward the end
of the season — notably in the Cornell game — increased the variety of
plays. It is probable we shall see, next year, even a greater number
started from this formation, to the increased effective playing strength
of the eleven. Outland did his best work of the year in some of the
late variations.

Yale, more than any other of the large universities, ran line men

■^^^^'^

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 2?

from their positions, and held to a n.ore simple formation. Harvard
and University of Pennsylvania, and also Princeton, used more line
men in interference than Yale, the first two more cleverly than
Princeton. Harvard and University of Pennsylvania more frequently
dropped forwards behind the line to advance the ball from the half-
back's position. At the same time the play of Harvard and Yale was
much more open than that of University of Pennsylvania. Princeton
used her backs almost entirely through the centre, or in end plays by
ends and halves, or in mass-on-tackle plays. University of Pennsyl-
vania employed the quarter-back kick — which, on the season's work,
probably lost more ground than it gained — and the delayed pass,
which was executed very skilfully on occasions, and resulted in good
gains.

The importance of the kicking game, by which I mean all that the
game includes — punting, handling of opponent's kicks, and support
by the ends — is markedly shown by the disposition of Princeton in
the season's ranking of teams. It was Princeton's very excellent
showing in that respect which gave her victory over Yale, and it is
because of development in that department of the game, and not on
account of the Yale victory, that I rank Princeton next to Harvard
this year. If that showing could be ignored, Princeton would be
fourth instead of second. Both University of Pennsylvania and Yale
exhibited much strongei offensive play than Princeton, and University
of Pennsylvania was as strong, and Yale stronger, also on the defen-
sive. As a matter of fact, Princeton's victory was quite a surprise,
for no one had thought it possible for Yale to fumble so repeatedly,
and Princeton's team had not shown a running game that warranted
confidence in her ability to win. Her interference was really not
first class ; it was not harmonious in itself, nor was it always timely.
There was not the life or dash of the 'g6 eleven, and this year's team
fumbled a great deal more than the one of two years ago. Indeed,
this has been a notable year in respect to fumbling. I do not recol-
lect another like it — when two of the leading four 'varsity teams
threw away their chances by unexampled uneven development, and
three of the four failed to equal their previous standard of play.

Only one team in the country played high-class foot ball this year
and that team v»'as Harvard. Not only played the best foot ball of

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 29

'98, but displayed a quality of consistent, accumulative team-work
such as no eleven has ever excelled, and which only a couple of Yale's
best teams have approached. It was unquestionably the most per-
fectly rounded-out team the game has produced. A team with no
apparent weakness, with its work in all departments equally strong ;
relying on no one style of play or formation or system, but capable of
adapting its game to changing conditions, and always discerning,
tireless and skilful. I have never seen another team of which so
much could be said. The back field and. the line worked together
without a hitch, each supporting the other, to the making of a
powerful whole.

And one of the good features of Harvard's season was the steady,
continuous improvement throughout the practice, which seemed
timed to bring the team to top form on the day of the Yale game.
The eleven that played Y'ale could scarcely be recognized as the one
which had experienced so much difficulty defeating the Indians. The
offence against University of Pennsylvania was a mere suggestion of
the strength it developed two weeks later against Yale.

On the day Harvard played Yale she was much stronger than at
Cambridge two weeks before, and outclassed every other one of the
four 'varsity teams. It was a great victory for Harvard, and the least
significant, though perhaps most satisfying, result to the average
Harvard man was witnessed at New Haven. The most important
victory was in Boston, where prejudice in system and conflict in
opinion had been conquered and unified. The influences that have
been at work the past two years, looking to the subordination of
individuals into one intelligent co-operating body working for the
interest of the university, have brought about handsome results.
There is a new spirit at Boston — and it breathes Harvard. The day
of that bumptious creature who sees not and cares not to see beyond
his own exploitation has passed from Cambridge — probably not to
return. The lesson has been long in the learning. Credit is due Mr.
Forbes for harmonizing the various elements and organizing and
directing the coaching, and clinging to it steadfastly, to Dr. Brooks,
who supported Mr. Forbes, and to Lewis, Waters and Dean, who,
among others, aided in the coaching.

Based on this year's showing and on its consistent work of the last

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 3I

four years, I put West Point at the head of the second class, which
includes also Cornell, Michigan, Chicago and Wisconsin. Perhaps
Cornell might defeat West Point, but I should wish to see it before
believing. On this year's work alone West Point deserves precedence,
and her best game was against Princeton. There is so little to choose
between any of them that an all-round contest in this class, which is
of course not feasible, would produce exceptionally interesting games.
Wisconsin's fate in such a contest would perhaps not be so uncertain,
but as between Michigan and Chicago, or West Point and Cornell, of
either one of the Eastern teams and one or the other of the West-
erners, the better team could only be decided by actual play. It is
difficult to place Annapolis because she meets so few of others, but I
should say she belongs at the foot of this class. None of these teams,
except Michigan, has made any notable advance in the quality of its
play over last year. Cornell and West Point were particularly good
in handling kicks. So far as ethics are concerned, Chicago retro-
graded ; she played Herschberger and Cavanaugh, a flagrant breach
of the spirit and text of the rules to which Chicago had subscribed.
I shall take up this and associate matters more fully later. I can only
say now that the confidence sportsmen reposed in the Chicago Uni-
versity faculty, and especially in Stagg, appears to have been mis-
placed.

Carlisle, Wesleyan and Brown are three that should meet frequently
on the foot ball field, and yet that play one another but rarely; indeed,
I do not recall if Carlisle and Wesleyan have ever met. Wesleyan
has made an excellent record this year, as her scores show, and so
have Carlisle and Brown, although the last, despite the showing
against Harvard (with Daly and Haughton and Dibblee out), has
probably not so strong an eleven this year as either of the others.

I should put Oberlin also in this class, and at the same time expect
to hear a storm of criticism sweeping down upon me from Ohio. I
have no doubt many enthusiastic friends from Oberlin have long
since, on the strength of the showing against Cornell, figured that
college to be of foot ball equality with Michigan, Chicago and Wis-
consin. Cornell's games against Carlisle and against Oberlin were
vastly different in force ; against Carlisle she was fifty per cent, the
stronger. The fact that Carlisle played a tie game with University

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

of Cincinnati after Oberlin had beaten her 6-0 is no more convincing
than the other game in the attempt to argue Oberlin, on comparative
scores, into a place alongside of Michigan. "Oberlin has played good
foot ball and made an excellent record, but she would find her skill
put to utmost test in holding a place in the class I place her, without
aspiring to greater difficulties in the class next above.

Dartmouth, Illinois, University of Cincinnati, Minnesota, and
Pennsylvania State appear to be pretty much of a class, notwithstand-
ing some discrepancies in scores. Cincinnati beat Dartmouth 17-12,
and Carlisle defeated Illinois lo-o. I should be inclined to place
Illinois at the head of this group ; her showing against the Indians
was unexpectedly good. Pennsylvania State made an excellent record.
Perhaps the surprise of the smaller college foot ball season was the
great falling off in Lafayette's play. But, after all, it was only getting
back to the healthful normal state. During the athletic fever a few
years back, Lafayette secured several men of exceptional ability who
would be ineligible in these days. These stars, together with excel-
lent coaching, put Lafayette, for one year and part of another, above
her natural class and her rival Lehigh, and she has but returned to
them this year.

Amherst, Williams, Trinity, displayed their usual level of foot ball,
which has shown no advance for several years.

There are many other small college teams that should be classified,
but which cannot be discussed, because there is no way of getting a
line on their play through their nleeting teams whose standard of
performance is established. The showing of a siiigle game may or
may not be significant ; it depends so much on the circumstances.
^ This is especially true of the games in the practice season which
the larger elevens play with the smaller, and that is M'hy, too, so
many go astray in figuring out a 'varsity team's strength by a score or
series of; scores it may have made in the early weeks of its practice
season.

The larger elevens use these games simply as practice — ^in the test-
ing of new men, new formations, new plays; it is a trying-out season,
whose results give the desired finish for the important games, towards
which all development, all training is tending. What happens in the
mean time is by the way. No one, for example, imagines Harvard

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 35

and Brown even as near an equality as the score of their game (17-5)
suggests.

The only embarrassment encountered in choosing an All-America
eleven this year is in the superabundance of riches. There are not so
many stars as some years have given us, but there is such a number
of thoroughly first-class players that one wishes to use them all and
cannot, even by increasing the substitutes to eleven. When it becomes
necessary to put such a man as Haughton among the substitutes, the
quantity of high-class material may be appreciated. There is really
very little difference, in my judgment, in the strength of the All-
America team and that of its substitutes — what a game the two would
make! There has not been a year when as much could be said, or
when the teams were^tso evenly balanced and generally well developed
in all departments of the game.

I wish to add — I believe I do so every year — that, in filling posi-
tions, regular and substitute, on this All-America team, I consider
the candidate's all-round skill and judgment his ethics, and his
antecedents. It is not my purpose to have any man in the national
eleven whose appearance on a college team during the year has been
in violation of the spirit of amateur sport, or one whose play has been
unsportsmanly. Again — the retirement through injury of a player
whose standard of performance has been established will not lessen
his chances to make the All-America, provided, of course, his ability
entitles him to consideration. This, it seems to me, is only fair.

Thoroughly good material back of the line was more abundant in
'98 than in any previous year I remember. And in this direction the
West has had a larger representation than during any year of its foot
ball history. O'Dea's (Wisconsin) drop-goal from his own fifty-yard
line, Widman's (Michigan) brilliant sixty-five-yard run through half a
dozen of the Chicago team for a touchdown, Slaker's (Chicago) line-
bucking against University of Pennsylvania and again against
Michigan, Caley's (Michigan) work in the Chicago game, were all
performances to suggest the quality of the men the West is developing
in the back field. And there were others, too — Johnston (North-
western), McLean (Michigan), Kennedy (Chicago), and no doubt yet
others of good quality of whom I have not kept track. In the East
the general quality was high, but in so many individual cases marred

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GtJID£.

by uneven development. Several backs of exceptional line-bucking
ability spoiled their work by wretched fumbling. Yale had in Dud-
ley, Durston, Townsend, Benjamin, Corwin, great possibilities, and
yet injuries and fumbling very materially lessen the impression they
left on the year. At least three of these men should make names for
themselves next year under better handling.

Princeton had a couple of serviceable though not brilliant backs in
Beardsley and Black, and Kafer showed possibi'lities had he been
given longer practice. Wheeler was Princeton's best full-back,
though he appeared in one-half of only one game. University of
Pennsylvania's only dependable ground-gaining back was Outland,
who in the Cornell game did some of the prettiest end running seen
this year. Coombs was serviceable on occasion, but, barring Outland,
University of Pennsylvania's back field was mediocre.

Harvard's back field was very strong individually and collectively,
Daly, Dibblee. Warren and Raid working as a unit ; West Point's
back field was perhaps the second in strength, with Kromer, Waldron,
Humphreys, and Romeyn — strong both in running and in kicking.
Nor must we forget Richardson of Brown, Cayou and Hudson of the
Indians, C. Young of Cornell — who played only in the University of
Pennsylvanra game, but did first-class work handling kicks and punt-
ing— and Whiting of Cornell.

It is pretty hard lines on Corwin and Dudley and Durston that the
combination of desperately hard luck, hurts that healed slowly, and
uncertain management should have so completely shut them out of
prominence in the season's summary. The foot ball possibilities of
these three are as brilliant as those of any half-backs in the country.

The handling of the Yale team this year was entirely in keeping
with the semi-professional spirit that brought the men together for a
considerable preliminary training season. The continuous work
knocked the men to pieces, just as it used to do University of Penn-
sylvania's, and the spirit of sport for its own sake fell before the
urgent demands of a management that cared so little for the splendid
traditions of Yale as to lower the tone of her sport and of her men by
paying them board for an extra training season.

The spirit of the preliminary training season is contemptible ; it is
an attempt to get the better of your opponent by taking unusual prac-

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE, 3q

tice — l:)y practising in vacation-time for contests that are to come off
during term-time.

It is not the mode of sportsmen. That Yale fell a victim this year
to its blandishments is indication of how far the new regime at New
Haven has departed from the old and commendable and sportsmanly
traditions of Yale. Let us hope for a return of the old order next
year.

Of full-backs eligible to the All-America team, Romeyn and Reid
unquestionably excel all the others in the requirements of the posi-
tion, although there are several good ones West in O'Dea, Caley arid
Slaker ; and East, great possibilities, I should say, in Outland. Reid
is a stronger line-bucker than Romeyn, and it is said he is also a
punter of distinct ability ; but because of the West-Pointer's unques-
tioned strength in punting, his occasional scoring on goals, and also
his strong running game, I consider him to be the man required.

Neither is there slightest hesitancy in picking Dibblee for the cap-
tain of the All-America team and for one of its backs. His quality
of play since first he went to Harvard has been always of high class.
He is one of the strongest men carrying a ball through a broken field
that the game has developed, and, as a caplain, ends his foot ball
career as one of the most competent and painstaking Harvard ever
had. For the other half-back no man, in my judgment, is so fitted to
stand alongside Dibblee as McBride. This is my deliberate judgment
in the face of a majority probably disagreeing with me. McBride's
standard of play is established too firmly to permit of him being over-
looked because of a physical hurt that would have 1-id most men off
altogether. And a man who can play, with a ruptured knee ligament,
as hard and as well as did McBride is the man I want en my national
team when he is fit and well. He has been really incapacitated all
season, playing when he should have been on the side-lines, and his
work, therefore, was far below his form, A short rest would speedily
put him in shape. His great strength on the defensive, his fierce
line-bucking, and his punting make him (despite his usual position
being at full), next to Dibblee, the strongest half-back in college
foot ball.

There are several strong half-backs, and the West puts forth three
candidates for honors in Widman and McLean of Michigan, and

Spalding's official foot ball guide, 41

Henry of Chicago. In tke East, those whose work was most notice-
able were, besides the men already named, Warren (Harvard)^
Waldron and Humphreys (West Point), Richardson (BrOwn), Cayou
and Metoxen (Caflisle), Beardsley (Princeton), C. Young (Cornell).
Of these Warren is quite the first, with Richardson second, and the
West Point pair following; Widman comes next. Outland of Uni-
versity of Pennsylvania, whom I should play at half rather than full
back, is a stronger and more certain ground-gainer than any of these
save Warren, and there is not much to choose between them on that
score. On end-running Outland is the most brilliant of the lot. I
prefer a more certain man on handling kicks, and therefore choose
Warren as substitute back. Reid I should put in the other substitute
half-back place, instead of at full-back, where O'Dea appears to be
the strongest substitute available. Not only because of that goal
from mid-field, for a single great play amounts to little in sizing up a
candidate for national honors, else might Outland have a place for
his clever running against Cornell, and Burnett for his long goal
against University of Pennsylvania — but on general play during the
season. Kafer (Princeton) showed possibilities ; with proper time
for practice, he would, I fancy, be one of Princeton's best backs ; he
is a hard player, and safe.

There can be no question of Daly's right to the quarter-back posi-
tion on the All-America eleven ; his generalship, tackling, catching,
running back kicks, and punting raise him above any other possible
candidate. Kromer is second choice, and a stronger player in the
position is rarely seen; he passes the ball quickly and safely^ handles
kicks well, runs strongly, and tackles hard. There woUld be no need
of alarm were he to replace Daly in a hypothetical game in which the
All-America team was engaged.

De Saulles was another of Yale's unfortunates whom injury kept
from playing even within hailing distance of his established form,
but even at the best this clever quarter has shown he must, unless
revealing further development, have taken third place on the season's
ranking. Daly quite surpassed him in punting, catching, and in the
possibilities of his position, and Kromer, though perhaps not so clever
in handling the ball, was equally so in running in on punts, more so
in kicking, and a stronger, harder runner to stop.

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Certainly Ely, the plucky chap, deserves high credit for his work,
not only under the circumstances, but because of its real excellence.
To a lesser degree he had the Yale tendency to fumble ; but his
handling of the ball was very good, his defensive work clever and
strong, and his two runs with the ball as brilliant as any seen this
year. That one of them was done with a splintered rib indicates, in
a measure, the spirit and nerve of this young man. Had Ely been
put in at the very beginning of the Princeton game, it is my belief
Yale would have won. A great deal of the fumbling was due to the
unsteadiness which De Saulles's poor work, incident to a crippled
condition, imparted to the team. There was a marked improvement
instantly Ely went into the place. But the mischief had already
been done.

Duncan for Princeton did excellent all-round work in his position,
being serviceable rather than brilliant ; apparently he is a good de-
pendable quarter. Hudson of the Carlisle team is a thoroughly good
man, additionally valuable because of his kicking, but in the finer
points of the game, and especially on the defensive, he is somewhat
behind the others. There were no other quarters East or West up to
the All-America standard.

Thus with the line-bucking and kicking of McBride and Romeyn
(the one a left-foot and the other a right-foot kicker), ^the gains of
Dibblee through broken fields, the generalship and running back of
punted balls by Daly, and the well-known aggressive attack and de-
termined defence of all four, I feel that the back field of this year's
national team is the strongest, from an all-round point of view, I
have yet had the privilege of choosing.

More thoroughly good material, better drilled, more perfectly
master of the details of the position, was in evidence at centre this
season than is usual. Yet the year ends without giving us any one
name so illustrious as to class with those great centres of the past —
Corbin (Yale) and Lewis (Harvard). There was not a weak centre
on the larger '98 'varsity teams, and but little to choose among Cun-
ningham (Michigan), Overfield (University of Pennsylvania), Jaffray
(Harvard), while only slightly below these were Dorner (Cornell),
Burnett (Harvard), Cutten (Yale), and Booth (Princeton). Had
Jaffray played through the second half of either the University of

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 45

Pennsylvania or the Yale games, and his work maintained the level
of the first half, his place on the national team would have been
secured.

As it is, his play has been somevi^hat a feature of the season ; his
activity, immense strength, and height (6 ft. 4 in.) make him one of
the most formidable opponents that ever lined up. The fact that
Overfield, so outweighed and so outmuscled by this giant vis-a-vis,
yet kept his point of the line from becoming a "weak spot," conveys
some idea of the capabilities of Overfield as a centre rusher. Over-
field, in fact, is mor.e learned in the finesse of centre play than any
one of the candidates, and at all times is an active, tireless player.

But in the game of today, other things being fairly equal, weight
of centre counts heavily, and for that reason centre position on the
All-America team goes to Cunningham, who knows the game about
as well as Overfield, and is heavier and stronger.

Good guards have been plentiful this year, and one. Hare (Univer-
sity of Pennsylvania), attained the right to be ranked with Heflfel-
finger (Yale), that first mighty exponent of the possibilities of a
powerful, ^ctive, and heady guard. And neither Heffelfinger nor
any other man ever gave such an exhibition of physical strength and
magnificent line-bucking as did Hare in the Harvard game. He was
practically the only man that could make any impression on Harvard's
great defence, and time after time he was sent into the line and even
around the ends. Indeed, Hare seemed always to be the man with
the ball. He was also called on to do all the punting, and though he
did it poorly, that he did it at all acceptably, in addition to line-
bucking and interfering and end-running, emphasizes this man's
wonderful endurance and all-round ability. I heartily congratulate
University of Pennsylvania on having a player so skilled and a sports-
man so keen to captain the team of '99.

In a class below Hare are Boal (Harvard), Brown (Yale), Burden
(Harvard), McCracken (University of Pennsylvania) ; and in another
may be included Marshall (Yale), B. Pierce (Carlisle), Crov/dis
(Princeton), Reed and Lueder (Cornell). There is very little differ-
ence one way or the other among the first three of this class ; rarely
do we see four as splendid specimens as Hare, Brown, Burden, Boal,
of that type of college athlete and sportsman whom we all love ; — ,

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three honored and beloved names of the same type stand out on my
paper like lamps in the night as I write— Frank Hallowell, Herbert
Alvvard, Marshall Newell — all three sons of Harvard, and the last
two gone to their final resting-place.

Because of his physical strength, his gains with the ball, and his
play in his position, Boal, I think, is clearly entitled to the other
guard position on the national team, and Brown and Burden appear
to be equally entitled to the vacancies on the substitute team. Reed
has done better work than his college-mate Lueder, who all the
season appears to have been satisfied with his own game, and though
doing fairly well in big events, nevertheless fell considerably short
of his capabilities.

Filling tackle positions has given a severe wrench to my sentiments,
which persistently demanded that Haughton be given one of the
places. But Chamberlin and Hillebrand are so pre-eminent that
even the marvellously well directed punting of Haughton is no war-
rant for displacing either of them. Moreover, the All-America team
cannot afford to bring back a tackle to do the punting, and with
Romeyn, McBride and Daly in the back field, the '98 national team
seems to need kicking ability least of all things.

Haughton is a first-class man in the position of tackle, though not
so good as either of those chosen ; but in running with the ball
Haughton is of little value, while both Chamberlin and Hillebrand
are strong ground-gainers.

In the actual playing of his position Haughton is no better than
Donald (Harvard) or Foy (West Point). In fact, nothing but superior
coaching has put any one of these tackles, in my opinion, ahead of
Foy this year. So far as natural ability is concerned, the West
Pointer has no superiors playing the game today. Coaching is all he
needs to make him one of the stars of American foot ball.

And speaking of West Point suggests comment on the skill and
patience and sportsmanship which Lieutenant Palmer Pierce, U. S. A.,
revealed in the fulfilment of the somewhat trying and intricate func-
tions that obtain in the management of the Military Academy elevens.
They have boards and red-tape and things at West Point which no
manager elsewhere has to encounter, and that Mr. Pierce steered
through them all without a clash, and with no civilian suspecting

D >

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 49

their existence, is evidence of executive and diplomatic ability.

Carnett (University of Pennsylvania) stands next to those already
named, and in ground-gaining perhaps leads them all, though that
happens because of University of Pennsylvania's vi^eak back field, and
the consequent more frequent employment of line men in advancing
th'e ball. Both Foy and Chamberlin are stronger ground-gainers than
Carnett, and all are stronger on the defensive. Sweetland (Cornell),
Geer (Princeton), Stillman (Yale), are about of a class in order of
merit named. I am satisfied nov^^, in the light of fuller observation,
that my earlier comment this season on Svv^eetland did him injustice ;
certainly in the University of Pennsylvania game, which is Cornell's
one of most importance, Sweetland's work shone above that of any
other individual on the team. He seemed always to be with the ball,
and he decidedly outplayed his vis-a-vis ; what team-work Cornell
revealed Sweetland fitted to his place harmoniously.

There were no guards or tackles in the West up to the All-America
class.

The best end of the year was unquestionably Hallowell (a good old
name for Harvard), who approached very near to the standard of that
famous' namesake of '94. He played a hard heady game throughout
the se9,son without injury and without serious fault ; on the defensive
he went into the play with rare precision and tackled unerringly ; on
kicks he got under the ball with speed and accuracy. There is not
much to influence choice among Palmer and Poe (Princeton), Folwell
(University of Pennsylvania), and Cochrane (Harvard). Palmer is
the fastest, and in the style of game shown this year that appears to
be one of the most important attributes of the end. He and Poe are
also the lightest, and in the manner of game played a few years' ago,
I should displace them in favor of either Folwell or Cochrane. But
the ends are not used, as formerly, on the defensive, and weight
counts for less nowadays than speed and activity. Folwell was very
strong on the defensive — perhaps the strongest of the lot. Poe was
lucky in having the opportunity, and active enough to seize upon it,
for making, on a fumble in the Yale game, a ninety-five yard run
which gave Princeton her only touchdown, and has tended to a popu-
lar overestimate of Poe's ability as an end rusher. Cochrane's work
was very good, indeed ; were he a little more dependable always, he

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 51

would have made the national team this year. When at his best,
none is better save Hallowell.

Farley (Harvard), Hedges (University of Pennsylvania), Smith
(West Point), Snow and Bennett (Michigan), are five other ends who
have shown possibilities of high class ; Farley looks like an especi-
ally promising end ; Snow is the " find " of the Middle West.

Meretricious sporting columns of several members of the " yellow "
class have attempted to sensationalize in the direction of foot ball
accidents in '98 ; as a matter of fact, the reports that come to me
from California to Maine, and from Michigan to Mississippi empha-
size a general increase in playing numbers and skill, and a decrease
in accidents.

Before closing my review of the Eastern season I wish to single
out for commendation Brown's adoption this year of the graduate
coaching system ; it is one that has done much for others, and will
do a great deal for Brown. Besides it is after all the only manner of
developing a genuine spirit of sport for its own sake.

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CASPAR WHITNEY.

ALL-WESTERN ELEVEN FOR 1898

(Caspar Whitney, in Harper's Weekl\)
^-

O'Dea (Wisconsin), full back.

Caley (Michigan) and Slaker (Chicago), half-backs.

Kennedy (Chicago) quarter-back.

Cunningham (Michigan), centre.

Rogers (Chicago) and Bunge (Beloit), guards.

Steckle (Michigan) and Bothne (Northwestern), tackles.

Snow (Michigan) and Bennett (Michigan), ends.

SUBSTITUTES.

In the line.
McLain (Illinois), Webb (Chicago), Anderson (Wisconsin).

Back o/ the line.
Ryan (Northwestern), McLean (Michigan), Widman (Michigan).

WESTERN readers will remember that in choosing this
eleven the same standard of eligibility, ethics, sportsman-
ship, etc., is required as obtains in the choice of the All-
America team.

The 1898 schedule of foot ball games among the universities of the
Middle West happened to be so arranged that those with mind ever
turning to " championships " will this year have satisfying evidence
to their liking By winning from Chicago on Thanksgiving day,
Michigan's unbeaten eleven earned the title to first honors in that
section, though the score (12-T1) indicates the margin for speculation
among the unprejudiced.

Generally speaking, the West believed the odds overwhelmingly
favored Chicajgo. Chicago had crushed Northwestern. A fortnight
later Northwestern had all but beaten Michigan, 5-6. Man for man,

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SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 57

Chicago was more experienced, and, save at the ends, had shown far
better form than Michigan. And then there M^as the heretofore irre-
sistible advantage of Ilerschberger. Until they met Chicago the
Michigan team of '98 had had no crucial test. It was a pretty green
team, all things considered, and the question was how it would hold
together on defence. Practically half were Freshmen.

Chicago, on the other hand, had gone through a long schedule,
mostly of victories by big scores, and had the prestige and experience
acquired by her 11-23 game against University of Pennsylvania.

Michigan's previous games had shown lack of team-work. Chicago
had insensibly eased her practice in the last week, for the men,
despite themselves, were confident of victory. But all that does not
detract from Michigan's showing, or alter the fact that the eleven
made remarkable improvemen't — in a word, secured team-play — in
the last days of its practice.

If the first ten minutes of the game were inauspicious for Michigan's
green team, there was no telling by how much she would lose.
Chicago realized this, and, taking the ball from the kick-off, played
her fastest game, reaching Michigan's thirty-five-yard mark under
five minutes. Here Herschberger failed in his first attempt at kicking
a goal from the field.

It was one of the most spectacular contests, in many respects, the
West had developed, The first half did notj,^ring out the best foot
ball of which either team was capable. Fumbling by Chicago more
than offset the start she had secured by cleverly executed trick plays,
and the same fumbles, aided by Herschberger's poor punting at
critical moments, led to Michigan's first touchdown, Herschberger
tried twice for fairly easy goals from the field, one by drop-kick and
the other by placement-kick, and each lime he failed. Then toward
the end of the half, on his most difficult try fpr a goal, he scored from
the forty-three-yard line in masterly style.

Toward the middle of the first half Chicago was forced to punt
from her forty-yard line. Cavanaugh passed the ball several feet
over Herschberger's head, and the full-back had but an instant to re-
cover it when both Michigan ends were upon him. Herschberger
made a mess of his next punt, and Michigan took the ball twenty
yards for a touchdown. From this point Michigan's green men had

S. M. WARD,
Capt. University of Montana.
W. J. SMITH, WM. CONNELLY,

Union University Schnectady, N.Y. Seton Hall College.

R. W. RYMER, A. C. JONES,

Wesleyan. Capt. University of Georgia.

VERN HARRIS,
Whitewater, Wis.

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE, 59

no lack of self-contidence, and Chicago saw the possibility of defeat.
Herschberger's handsome goal near the end of the first half gave
Chicago new confidence, but this was more than offset by Widman's
sixty-five yard run in the second half for Michigan's second touch-
down, and for which Herschberger and Chicago's left end must be
held accountable. Both were inexcusably drawn into the centre.

Widman's run was stirring. He wriggled loose from two tackles
at the line, and outran three others before reaching Chicago's goal,
with two Chicago men almost on him and another left under his feet
five yards back. Clever work by the Michigan ends, Snow and Cap-
tain Bennett, overcame the advantage Chicago had in Herschberger's
punting. Chicago's ends were never down in time, and McLean ran
the ball back for Michigan a good distance every time.

Chicago's only touchdown, made with five minutes of the game left,
was earned by the only lasting display the team made of its best
offensive work. In fact, Chicago's exhibition in gathering herself
together so close to the end of the game, and hammering through
Michigan's left side for a touchdown, was, in a way, the feature of
the day. Her full-back, Slaker, carried the ball in four out of five
plays, that gained twenty-seven yards in all. That brace left her
only one point behind.

The game was played on a dry field, in perfect weather, and before
the most enthusiastic and best-informed crowd (10,000) a Western
game has yet attracted. Not in the Coliseum this time, for that is
gone, thankfully, but on Marshall Field, the grounds of Chicago
University. The Chicago-Wisconsin game, twelve days earlier, drew
an equal number of spectators.

Apart from Michigan and Chicago, Wisconsin was the only team to
show a record worthy of consideration among the leaders. It has
only its 0-6 defeat by Chicago, whereas it wound up the season
brilliantly by beating Northwestern, 47-0. Wisconsin, like Michigan,
was obliged to work up new material, and was coming on rapidly at
the close of the season. Her captain, Patrick O'Dea, was put forth
as a rival of Herschberger in the kicking department, and it is prob-
able he can take the Chicago rnan into a back lot and beat him out
at the punting or drop-kicking game. In a game, however, his
superiority over the back upon whom Chicago has relied so com-

JOSEPH WENTWORTH,
Captain Dartmouth College
C. A. DODGE, M. G. WATERBURY,

Captain Knox College. Captain Kalamazoo College.

JOHN WALTER ESTERLINE,
Athletic Director Purdue University.
H. D. BALLANTINE, CLARENCE M. THORNE

Captain Amherst College. Captain Northwestern University,

WILLIAM L. LOMAX,
Captain Northwestern M. A., Highland Park, 111.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 6l

pletely is not so noticeable. Against Northwestern, when O'Dea
drop-kicked a goal, with sixty-two yards to cover and the ball cleared
the bar by four feet, a Northwestern man had broken through and
was all but successful in blocking. O'Dea had to swing far to one
side to avoid him. No one suspected more than a punt at that dis-
tance. " It was the most notable drop-kick goal of this season and one
of the most remarkable performances of its kind in foot ball annals.
In 1891 J. E. Duffy made the first score Michigan ever had secured
from Cornell up to that time by drop-kicking a goal from the field
just at the centre a few minutes before the call of time. This took
place at Detroit, and stood as the record feat of the West until
O'Dea's performance this year.

Chicago beat Wisconsin, 6-0. The greatest of kicking games had
been expected ; but the field was very soft, and neither Herschberger
nor O'Dea came near his best form. The only touchdown was made
early in the first half, Chicago playing straight foot ball through
Wisconsin's line. Wisconsin's lighter team was the more heavily
handicapped by the wet field, but its defence was at times brilliant.
A fortnight before the game with Chicago there had been serious talk
at Madison of disbanding the team. While Chicago was playing
University of Pennsylvania, Wisconsin was having difficulty with
Whitewater Normal School. More energy was being put into the
chase for evidence against Chicago players than into all the practice.
Though the score greatly flatters Wisconsin, it represents a remark-
able brace on her part, and she took defeat far more handsomely than
did Chicago in the previous year.

Illinois started poorly, due to arranging several hard games at the
beginning against veteran teams, such as that of the College of
Physicians and Surgeons of Chicago, and the Notre Dame University,
both of which defeated Illinois. Later the green material at Cham-
paign began to round to, and a stubborn defence in the mud at
Detroit enabled Illinois to hold Michigan to two touchdowns, and to
score one touchdown on a fumble and fifty-yard run. Illinois did her
best playing of the season, perhaps, when she held the Carlisle In-
dians down to one touchdown in each half at Chicago, November 19.
Neither team played well in the first half, but Illinois should have
done all the scoring but for a case of stage-fright, the Indians making

^^T^

GEORGE C. BLADWORTH,

H. R. I., Claverack, N. Y.

O. E. ATWOOD,

Capt. Ottawa (Kan.) University.

B. S. AIKEN,

Capt. Bordentown (N. J.) Institute.

J. A. FEEMAN,

Columbus North High School.

ERNEST C. WHITE,

Capt. University of Buffalo.

J. W. AMES,

Montclair (N. J.) Military Academy.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 63

their first touchdown easily on a blocked kick. Carlisle did her only
good playing of the day during the latter part of the second half, and
then showed line-bucking somewhere near her reputation. The team
was not well generalled, had poor interference, handled punts badly,
and in general revealed nothing with which to win out but brute
strength and better condition, though three men were removed from
the game.

Northwestern had a "fluky " team. It put up a stubborn defence
against Michigan, and was aided by the latter's poor generalship and
lack of team-work. Its collapse came at Minneapolis, before the
Minnesota University team, which had been playing raggedly all the
season. The next week Wisconsin finished it up.

Minnesota and Illinois proved to be closely matched on Thanks-
giving day, when the one point gained by the only goal kicked on
four touchdowns gave Illinois the game, ii-io. Minnesota seemed
to come along slowly with the University of Pennsylvania methods.
The injury that put captain and quarter-back Cole out of it early in
the season was a serious handicap.

Purdue is the only other one of the Middle-Western universities
that is represented in the faculty agreement as to eligibility. Purdue
has rather dropped out of it the past season. She played only Chicago,
being beaten, 17-0, the week after Chicago had played University of
Pennsylvania, and when the Chicago team was admittedly not in the
best of shape.

It is a great pleasure to be able to comment on an awakening by
the faculty at Notre Dame to some sense of its responsibility in the
athletics of that institution. A faculty committee has been appointed,
and the beginning of a more healthful spirit seems visible in the
student body.

It remains to be seen how sincere is the promise, or how substantial
the resulting evidence of conversion.

Oberlin became noticeable by holding down Cornell to six points,
and by beating Purdue, lo-o. Thanksgiving day. The team was
coached in University of Pennsylvania tactics, and used the Princeton
close formation as well as the guards-back system.

Considering its students (male) number less than 500, its showing
for the season was highly creditable.

R. F. WALLIN,

Villa Nova College.

HIMEBAUGH, FRED McELVAIN

Capt. Jamestown (N. Y.) H. S. Capt Ft. Scott (Kan.) H. S.

S. E. SHULL,

University of North Carolina.

TOM LITTIG, CARL CHAMBERLAIN,

Davenport (la.) H. S. Council Bluffs (la.) H. S.

J._H. McINTOSH.

University of Georgia.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 5c

In the section where Oberlin is located— the Ohio, that is so thickly
strewn with colleges — there are many foot ball teams, with some few
of merit — Western Reserve University (or Adelbert College) of Cleve-
land, and Case School of Applied Science, of the same city, Michi-
gan beat Adelbert 18-0, and Case 32-5, while Oberlin beat Adelbert
ii-o, and Case 33-0. Adelbert in turn beat Case by a score of 29-0.

Carlisle. I hear, is next year to lose five of her strongest players ;
Hudson, Rodgers and Cayou have entered Dickinson College, and
Bemus Pierce and Metoxen will return to their homes. We trust
Carlisle School will sustain its interest in foot ball, and seek to de-
velop the game more generally among the members of the academy.
It is not well to place all reliance on stars.

Indiana University defeated De Pauw, a former team of prominence,
by 32-0. Earlier in the season De Pauw was beaten by Illinois, 16-0.

The Rush Medical College team is another one deserving mention
for the good games of its veteran team early in the season. r

Knox College, of Galesburg, Illinois, surprised Beloit's eleve-n by
beating it, iS-o, on Thanksgiving day. There were some substitutes
in the Beloit line-up, however, and they were not in as good shape
after the 22-0 beating they had been given five days before by Michi-
gan. But that does not detract from Knox's good work, which was
so excellent that had full time obtained Beloit would have been de-
feated by even a larger score, as she was being completely outplayed.

Foot ball has had considerable attention the past two seasons at
Cincinnati, due to the fostering of the game by the University of
Cincinnati, the teams of which were coached by Fennell, formerly of
Cornell. The progress they have made was shown by beating Dart-
mouth, 17-12, at Cincinnati on Thanksgiving day. Oberlin made a
score of 5-0 on Cincinnati on October 22, in a game over which there
was some dispute. On Thanksgiving day, too, Cincinnati was held
to ii-ii by Indiana University, another eleven that became promi-
nent this autumn.

Chicago has been greatly stronger, until this season, back of the
line than in it. Nowhere has faster or more related work been de-
veloped among the backs. For two years, at least, Michigan has
worked for the specific end of meeting Chicago's game, and has de-
veloped more rapidly in the way of defensive work in the line and at

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 67

the ends. This year her line, except the tackles, outclassed Chicago
at stopping plays. That there has been no characteristic method of
line attack developed is not remarkable. Stagg stands for a high de-
velopment of the mass-on-tackle play, though he used it not much
this season. In this work Eastern precedents have been closely fol-
lowed, especially at Wisconsin. Illinois last year made the Princeton
revolving wedge her strong card of offence. Knipe at Iowa is the
only coach who has taught University of Pennsylvania's guards-back
play in any thorough fashion. With it he humbled Northwestern last
year, but by others it has been used only in desultory fashion. Purdue
had a predilection for tandem plays, having had Balliett and Church
for coaches, but the preference to develop a fast interference for the
backs without bringing any men out of the line seems universal.
Chicago used her ends on offence more than any other team. On the
whole there was less use of trick plays. Wisconsin alone used the
quarter-back kick to advantage.

One feature of the season's play in the Middle West was the in-
creased amount of kicking, and the better quality of performances in
that line. It is no longer uncommon for university elevens in that
section to employ the kicking game with good judgment. Even pre-
paratory school elevens show good work in this direction nowadays.
The number of young teams that have -sprtiog up like mushroom.s in
small towns and big cities, more especially Chicago and Detroit, is
altogether a feature of the past two years.

Herschberger has been so prominent a figuje in the kicking depart-
ment of Western foot ball the past three seasons that his feats have
naturally bestirred emulation. He himself did some great work this
year, though he was more successful earlier than toward the end of
the season. One of his best performances was 15 out of 21 points
Chicago scored on Beloit, made by three place-kick goals. His drop-
kick goal on Michigan was even a better performance, however. The
first score of the season on Michigan was made by a drop-kick from
the forty-yard line that Quarrie of the Case School team made at Ann
Arbor. In the game which Notre Dame won from Illinois University
the second week of the season the only score at all was a place-kick
goal by Notre Dame.

Graduate coaching has come also to be a feature in the Middle

CARL E. DORR,
Capt. Syracuse University.
C. W. SIDERBOTHAM, WATSON,

Capt. Alma (Mich.) College. Capt. Baldwin University.

J. J. HOGAN,
Capt. Phillips Exeter Academy.
G. A. TELLER, W. B. SUTTON,

Capt. Hobart Co, lege, Geneva, N. Y. Trinity College,

CHAS.E. EARNUM,
Capt. College of Physicians and Surgeons, Keokuk, la.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 69

West, but there is far from being at any of the universities such
bands of skilled coachers as congregate at the Eastern institutions.
Two to four or five men is about the limit during an entire season.
In some respects this is a drawback, and in others an advantage. It
certainly permits of uniformity in policy, and is all right if the
coaches are able.

The Middle Western teams do not entirely rely upon the East for
their plays, as they once did. A. A. Stagg is of course resourceful
and independent, so that Chicago University has not, at any time
since he was engaged, merely copied the East, The same is true to
some slight extent with the other leading teams of the Middle West.

One of the tricks Stagg sprung in the Michigan-Chicago game this
year was novel and successful. It was a " fake " kick followed by a
double pass. The kicker drew back at the signal, but started to run
when he got the ball, as in the old-fashioned bluff of this sort. He
was no sooner under headway in one direction, however, with the
opponents, ends and all, steering across the field after him, than one
of th§ other backs received the ball from a pass behind him and
started around the end on a wide run in the opposite dii^ection. This
trick worked for thirty-two yards straight off in the game with Michi-
gan. Later Michigan's ends got it down, but it was Chicago's most
conspicWoils ground-gainer, for all that. It was nearly worked once
by a triple pass, three men being downed in turn before the play was
stopped. All this raised the query in the West, if Stagg had not the
idea of developing plays to include passing the ball on the run, some-
what after the manner of English Rugby ?

Comment has already been made on the Middle Western individual
players in choosing the All-America and All-Western teams. In fact,
barring five — Herschberger, Eurnett, Holmes, Clarke and Cavanaugh,
who were ineligible to the national or Western team — there are none
in the West worthy of especial mention who are not considered in the
All-Western eleven.

O'Dea has no rival with Herschberger ineligible, and should even
have a place in the back field were the clever Chicago punter in the
field. So also would Caley, a powerful running back and the strongest
line-bucker in the West this year, and the strongest the West has
produced since Van Doozer of Northwestern. There is little differ-

EARLE D. SETMSER,

Capt. Reynolds Business College, Amsterdam, N. Y.

JOE DEERING, PHILIP REGAN,

Capt. West Superior A. C. Capt. Willets Point N. Y.

J. LANE, Jr., PERCY A. FARRY,

Capt. Hoosick Falls, N. Y. Crown Point (Ind.) Athletics.

TAYLOR,
Capt. Howard Parks, South Hand, Ind.

SI'ALDING's official FOOr HALL GUIDE. 71

ence among Slaker, McLean and Widnian — McLean i.s the best of
the three on defensive work. Perry (Northwestern) is a full-back of
promise. With Clarke out, there was no really first-class quarter-
back; but Kennedy and Wilmarth were quite the best of those re-
maining.

So, too, in ends; Snow and Bennett quite outclassed the field.
Hamill at one time seemed a likely candidate, being fast and excel-
lent on offence, but he developed a marvelous unreliability, though it
is only fair to say that a lame shoulder lessened some of his keenness
for hard tackling. Anderson (Wisconsin) earned a right to second
choice; he has played four years, and maintained an excellent uni-
form standard of work. Snow's speed, judgment and reliability in
the Chicago game appear to have made him the star end of the West,
though Bennett has the greater experience and is a steady, most ser-
viceable player.

Cunningham well deserves the centre place, both because of his
work in the position, and for his sportsmanship; McLain of Illinois
would be a serviceable substitute, though not in the same class with
Cunningham. Little of Northwestern and Eggeman of Notre Dame
are remaining, of about even merit for third choice.

There were no really first-class guards, though Caley would make
one if he continued in that position. Bunge is a promising man.
Beloit played him at tackle, but he would be better at guard, where
his weight and strength and speed would be most serviceable.
Rogers is not entitled to consideration, and is withdrawn from the
candidates for the All-Western eleven. France of Michigan is a
coming guard.

Eligible tackles are scarce, but Steckle is entitled to first choice on
the year's performance. He is both aggressive and an excellent
ground-gainer. Of the remaining available ones, Bothne is the best.

Making up an All-Western team prompts the thought that although
several of the elevens did excellent work — yet the number of first-
class eligible candidates for the composite team — is surprisingly
small.

The Missouri Valley foot ball season ended in the triumph of Iowa
over Nebraska, which for the second year had won the pennant of
the Western Intercollegiate Foot Ball Association, composed of

ROGER B. FARgUHAR, JR.,

Captain Swarthmore College.

R. T. DAVIS, N. H. POPE,

Phillips Andover, Mass. Richmond College, Va.

CHARLES W. HALL.

Betts Academy, Stamford, Conn.

G. B. TRACY, E. G. HAPGOOD,

Captain English H. S., Boston. Brown University

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 73

Kansas, Missouri and Nebraska State universities. After defeating
with ease (47-6), the raw Missouri team, Nebraska moved on Law-
rence, Kansas, where the great battle of the West was fought with
Kansas University, November 5. A fine back field and good general-
ship enabled the well-balanced Nebraska eleven to win decisively,
18-6, against the superior line of Kansas, in a contest that was par-
ticularly exhausting and crippling to the Nebraskans. Hitherto un-
beaten, they were routed, 0-24. two days later by the University
Medical College of Kansas City, and subsequently beaten in turn by
Drake University, of Des Moines, and Iowa Slate University, before
their very busy season closed. Even Captain Melford, Nebraska's
accurate goal-kicker, fell off in form, and failed to the Iowa Thanks-
giving day at Omaha on his try-at-goal.

Kansas suffered the fewest defeats, losing only to Nebraska; Mis-
souri lost to the University Medics, to Nebraska, to Washington
University (or St. Louis), and to Kansas; Iowa lost to Chicago Uni-
versity 0-33, to Drake, 5-18, and was tied by Grinnell 5-5. Drake
defeated Grinnell, 18-12. Both Ames and Grinnell beat Minnesota,
the former, 6-0, October 22, and the latter, 16-6, a week previous.

The standard of play showed no advance. All the elevens revealed
better developed systems of attack than resistance, and in most games,
even one-sided ones, both teams scored. Nebraska, under the coach-
ing of F. H. Yost (Lafayette), and the University Medics, after the
coming of coach C. S. Morris, the ex-Yale quarter, played clean, hard
foot ball. David L. Fultz, Brown's ex-captain, did much with Mis-
souri's eleven in bringing it to creditable form for Thanksgiving,
after a disheartening season. Behind the line and in defensive play
Kansas did not equal former elevens, though possessing an effective
offence and exceptional weight, 178 to 180 pounds to the man. But
in kicking Kansas showed pronounced superiority over previous
teams, through the clever work of Captain Moses, who defeated
Ames by a field goal. Pennsylvania tactics continued at Kansas
University, which Dr. Wylie G. Woodruff had in hand for the second
season, as they did under Dr. Knipe at Iowa, where they had been
installed the year previous by Wagenhurst.

The game was played generally throughout the Missouri Valley by
hundreds of minor colleges, academies, high-schools, athletic clubs

I.IKON C. ANDERSON, TARR,

Culver (Ind.) Military Academy. Captain Iowa State College.

T. P. HOWARD, DUNLAP,

Cai)tain iMissoun State University. Captain Lenox College, Iowa.

J. T. HEFLEY,

University of Oklahoma.

H. L. YOUTZ, LEE JOHNSTON,

Simpson Collese, Iowa. Purdue University.

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

and "town" teams. Haskell Indian Institute, of Lawrence, Kansas,
put a light eleven in the field, under William Walker's coaching,
that played the game persistently, and over an extensive area, travel-
ling from Indianapolis to Denver on its tours. They lost to Kansas,
0-30, October 8, and 5-12, October 13; to Purdue. 0-5, October 18,
and 0-13, October 22; to Indianapolis Athletic Club, 0-12, October
20; to University Medical College, 0-46, October 31; and defeated
Denver Athletic Club, 12-5, November 5.

Strict amateur rules did not obtain, but none protested, nor was the
amateur status improved over last season. The University Medical
College, though constantly receiving seasoned recruits from universi-
ties, played at least two who were students in name only in Lewis,
half-back, and Ryus, quarter. In Pendleton, guard, and Captain
Heller, half, the Medics again had two men who have coached pro-
fessionally. Hamill, the greatest of Missouri Valley forwards, played
his fifth year at guard for Kansas University, of which he became a
member in 1892, Pie also, according to common repute, has played
professionally. In a minor match Kansas put in Walker, an alumnus
and professional coach, at centre, under protest, and the Athletic
Association of the University discountenanced the act. Coach Fultz
played at half for Missouri in the ante-association contests, and
Kramer, who has played on various minor Eastern teams, went into
one game under an assumed name before he had enrolled. Pendleton,
Heller, Hamill and Fultz showed the best game in their positions in
this field. At Nebraska University, whose greater enrolment gives
an advantage over all contestants, the rules of amateur sport seemed
more closely observed, the faculty several times keeping men out of
important games for failing to reach the required scholarship standard.

N W. HOLLENBECK, GEO. W. WOOD,

Leloit College, Wis. Captain Cornell College, Iowa.

r • ^r •^- ^n^^^^' T E. H. RAPALJE,

Captain Gnnnell College, Iowa. Rutgers University.

T. D. GILLIAM.

Hampden-Sidney College, Virginia.

r . 1. , -^t]"^^^.^^' ., • . J- CLARK HUBHARD.

Capt. Drake Univ., Des Moines, la. Captain Indiana University.

REVIEW OF FOOT BALL SEASON, 1898

(Walter Cami', in Collier's Weekly.)

SOME ten years ago, in a weekly publication since suspended,
issued in New York, I described what I called, for lack of
better title, "The Ail-American Foot Ball Team." As it was
the first time such a collection of star players had been grouped upon
paper, it is worth while to go back at this day and see the names of
the men who in December of 1889 were regarded as the eleven best
men in their positions. The list reads as follows :

Ends — Stagg and Cumnock. Tackles — Cowan and Gill. Guards —
Heffelfinger and Cranston. Centre — George. Quarter — Poe. Halves
— Lee and Channing. Full-back — Ames.

That was the first All-America Team, and I fancy the old-timers
will agree with me in the belief that even as we look back it must be
said that that team would take an awful lot of beating. Cumnock
was then in his prime and not weighted with the woes and worries of
the captaincy. The next year he did what Dibblee has done this
season and what no man before him had been able to accomplish,
Stagg was also at the height of his career. Cowan and Gill need no
introduction, for they are still looked back upon and mentioned as
ideal tackles. Heffelfinger's reputation abides today. Cranston was
placed at guard to give George, Princeton's remarkable centre, the
middle position. Poe's fame is still fresh. Lee confirmed the justice
of his choice by making the scoring run the following year against
Yale. Channing was in that day as difficult to stop and hold as this
year were Daly and Dibblee. And finally the running and kicking
of "Snake" Ames will last in memory as long as Princeton has a
team. A decade of foot ball has advanced our game immensely, but

Captain Union College.

MORAY L EBY, _ L. C. BABCOCK,

Capt. Iowa Stat* University Captain Shattuck School, Minn

C. KURD STEWART,

CmpuAn Uofvfer»ity of Rochester.

WALKER F. SANBORN, D F KELLEY

Captain Burdett College, Boston. Ursiiius College.'

OWEN,

Captain Rhode Island College.

Spalding's official foot ball guide. 79

the individual qualifications of that team would appeal most tempt-
ingly to any coach of today.

Before taking up a similar selection of the stars of the season just
ended, it is but just to pass in review the progress and development
of the various elevens as teams and representing as they do today
more than ever before the work and thought of men especially
equipped to produce not only star players but exceptional unison of
performance.

No fair measure of the merits of the individual players and of the
teams of the foot ball season of 1898 can be reached without some
reference to past history and especially to the history of last season.
When these teams and players entered upon the campaign of 1898,
each had behind it traditions to preserve or to live down. The win-
ners of the previous year possessed a prestige upon which they could
confidently count to assist them materially in the tight places of this
year's matches. The teams that had lost in 1897, on the other hand,
had this very past to combat.

There was preliminary practice, at least of a desultory nature, by
almost. all the big teams, Princeton possibly excepted. It was, how-
ever, not the concerted summer practice, amounting to the taking of
entire teams to watering-place or mountain for a month's junket, a
practice which time and a good deal of criticism have at last put out
of the programme of most of the teams. By the ist of October there
was a fair knowledge in the minds of coaches as to where they were
likely to stand on the question of material, with the exception of the
possible player of unusual capability who might develop unexpectedly.

The chief points of interest for the Eastern season's work lay in the
contests of Harvard), Princeton, Pennsylvania, Yale and Cornell.
Yale was regarded as the most likely of all the teams, owing to her
phenomenal finish of the previous season. Pennsylvania was, how-
ever, looked upon with equal favor, while in the minds of most college
men Cornell was expected to finish with two defeats. Of this general
summary the only feature that proved to be correct was that of Cor-
nell's two defeats.

Although the general upset of form was not as startling as that of
the previous year, it was sufficiently so to make it worth while con-
sidering some of the causes which were operative in the final result.

1>AV1S, NOLL,

Oberhu College. Captain Marietta College

L. R. OTIS, ^

Captain Cushing Academy.
PACKARD,
Captain Kearney (Neb.) High School.
JOHN V. KING, ^E. W. COBER

Captain Johnstown (N. Y.) Y. M. C. A. Captain Bucknell University.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 8l

Of these causes the principal ones may be divided into the following :
Original raw material, the physical perfecting of that material, and
the educating of it in a foot ball sense.

In each one of these three departments Harvard excelled. There
was no university among the entire number that could at any time in
the season, from the first day to the last, have placed in the field so
many. fairly equipped elevens. There was hardly a position at any
time which could not have been filled at Cambridge with any one of
three different men, and this fact was due in a considerable measure
to the Harvard system and the general work of the year 1897. In
carrying the men into and through the season of 1898 Harvard was
equally at the front ; there were times when some of her good men
were laid up, but when the day of final contest came her men were,
for the most part, fit and eager for the work. Finally, there were
almost no men in the Harvard team who were not improved in per-
formance by the foot ball education lavished upon them during the
season. It is only fair to mention names in this connection. Mr.
Forbes, who had had charge of Harvard foot ball interests in 1897,
continued in power through the season of 1898. The material which
he had brought out and the material which he had held in reserve
made up the selection for this year. The general management of the
campaign was in his hands and he made it a thorough success. The
physical condition of the team, under the direction of Dr. Brooks
and with the practical experience of McMasters, was equally satis-
factory. The foot ball education of the team was by Mr. Forbes
placed in the hands of such expert instructors as Mr. Waters, M:.
Lewis, Mr. Dean, Mr. Wrenn, and others whose names are equally
familiar to those who have followed Harvard foot ball for the past
half-dozen years. So far, then, as one may gather from the public
performance of the Harvard team, there is hardly a flaw to be found
in the entire record of management.

In taking up the consideration of the first big rival that Harvard
had to meet — namely, the University of Pennsylvania — one finds that
in material Pennsylvania had not developed as satisfactory a body of
substitutes as had Harvard. There were times when Pennsylvania
was handicapped on this account. So far as the education of new
men to take the places of old and hence to furnish material to draw

MANUAL TRAINING HIGH SCHOOL FOOT BALL TEAM,

DENVER.

Pierson Davidson _ Walker McGraw

Heartz Lawrence Shirman Thayer Frick (Manager)

Smith Lemmon (Capt.) Lambert Sturm

Green Stewart Banes Jessup

EAST DENVER HIOH bCHOOL Jt-OUi BALL TEAM.

Bell Spann Snyder Upton Van Fleet Clay (Coach)
Baughman Cole DeClaybrook McCarthy (Mgi

Cotten Van Stone Abbott Wallace

Bailey Bausbach McDonald

Wigton Cohen Heister

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. go

upon, Pennsylvania suffered, As to the physical condition of the
men throughout the season, Dr. White and Murphy kept the men, all
things considered, in as good shape as was possible when the de-
mands on these men were taken into consideration. The way in
which they played through the frightful weather of their last match
with Cornell on Thanksgiving day demonstrates this. As to their
foot ball education, the question is a peculiar one. Surely no
team could exhibit a greater variety of tactics than that one edu-
cated this year by Mr. Woodruff. The general question of guards
back has been so frequently threshed out that, like many cases where
so much comment has been placed, it has become obscured by the
very amount of reference to it. There is no reason, as exhibited by
Pennsylvania in their Cornell game, why the line up with two guards
dropped back of the line should be taken to indicate an inability to
perform a variety of moves any more than with two ends back or two
tackles back, or, in fact, with the whole seven men up in the line.
It is perhaps easier to form the interference and to form it with the
immediate assistance of heavy aggressive men, by dropping the guards
back. What has generally been considered the guards back play in
most of the commentaries has been only that part of the plays directed
from this formation which has been used to assail the opponents' line
from tackle to tackle, and which hence has had the appearance of
close formation plays. The greatest development of what has come
to be known as the delayed pass, and also the quarter-back kick,
must be attributed to Mr. Woodruff and the Pennsylvania team. In
the Cornell game some very pretty variations and some very effective
ones were introduced. But Pennsylvania lost her Harvard game, and
the call of time found Harvard within a foot of Pennsylvania's line
once more, hence the very natural conclusion on all sides that Penn-
sylvania's style of play was not equal to Harvard's. But that game
was lost principally through the lack of Pennsylvania's back field to
handle punts in a satisfactory manner. If one could pick a flaw in
the foot ball education of the Pennsylvania team, as shown in their
public performance, it was in this matter of fumbling. That is what
tKe Harvard game showed. The Cornell game showed a lack of
satisfactory kicking on the part of Pennsylvania. This, in a measure,
may be attributed to the injury to Hare which made it necessary for

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 85

Pennsylvania to make up with her running game what Cornell could
accomplish in the kicking department.

Princeton, with her single game— for it was the game with Yale
that naturally meant the most to Princeton— not only stated but also
planned to make everything subservient to team play. It was the
expressed sentiment of the Princeton management to have no stars on
the team, but to base her aspirations for victory upon the develop-
ment of eleven men, or rather thirty or forty men out of which an
eleven strong in team play could be selected. To put Princeton to
the same test as that already described for Harvard and Pennsylvania,
one might say that in the matter of material the bulk of the men
corresponded with Princeton's plans; that is, there was plenty of
material of fair promise, but no men who were expected to become
stars. Princeton was well equipped in the way of substitutes, and
the general character of the substitutes was nearly up to that of the

regular men.

The physical condition of the men was, thanks to the work ot
Walter Christie, such that they could be counted upon at almost any
time through the season to put up a game as strong in the second half
as in the first. Finally, the education of the team in foot ball lore
was intrusted to the best of Princeton's former players, and the final
result was a team that had much sympathy, each man for the other,
and a strong determination to work together and to win. But it was
the point of the development of a kicking game that after all gave
Princeton her final victory. Her team play in running with the ball
was not strong enough to make marked gains against Yale. Her
kicking game, when Wheeler was performing the kick, was, on the
other hand, strong enough to neutralize the gains which Yale made in
her running; hence the two teams might have played to a standstill,
the one superior in running and the other superior in kicking, had it
not been for the unexpected. It was the irony of fate that a most
remarkable individual play should have been the means of winning
the victory for Princeton after their strong work in developing team
play rather than individual perfection, or star events.

Yale was accredited with by far the best material back of the line
of any of the teams. It was generally supposed that her back field
possessed so many men of good calibre that that part of the team

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Spalding's official foot ball guide. 87

could be relied upon in any emergency. Perhaps that is the reason
why Yale's kicking game was, next to Pennsylvania's, the poorest of
any of the universities. Both Pennsylvania and Yale suffered severely
for this lack of perfection in a most important branch of the sport.
The material for Yale's forward line was Ijy no means as satisfactory
as that for the positions behind the line. There was a lack of big
men at the start, and for a time Yale went into her games with a
centre weighing one hundred and eighty-five pounds. There was
A'ery little new material developed until the season was well along,
and the line suffered accordingly. The physical condition of the
Yale team was also not as good as last year. There were more acci-
dents, or, at any rate, the accidents happened to the best men.
Finally, the foot ball education of the team, owing to the lack of
coaching, throughout two-thirds of the season, did not progress, and
the kicking branch, even at the very end, seemed crude and un-
formed.

Cornell, as far as material was concerned, although missing greatly
the early assistance that some of the old players might have added,
certainly deserves the credit of developing a fair amount of men of
good foot ball calibre. This material was kept, by constant competi-
tion, well up to the mark. In the physical development of the team,
Cornell was afflicted somewhat as was Yale; that is, the accidents
that occurred seemed to fall for the most part upon the best men, and
the loss of the services of these good men during the part of the
season when they were most needed must have told heavily upon the
rest of the team. So far as foot ball education went, Cornell under
Warner and Fennell was well carried forward, and had it not been
for the atrocious weather, conditions under which her final match
was played we should have been treated to a much more satisfactory
exhibition of play. Even as it was, the ability of Cornell to maintain
a kicking game was the point upon which she held'a superiority to
Pennsylvania that enabled her to offset some of the Philadelphian's
better work in the distribution and carrying out of plays of a running
nature.

West Point, from a rather mediocre beginning, came along strongly
enough to tie Princeton toward the end of the season : something for
which Lieutenant Pierce deserves great credit. It would require the

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SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 89

test of a game to settle the question as to the relative superiority of
this team and Cornell at the end of the season. Of the other teams
the Carlisle Indians, with a veteran organization, exhibited, particu-
larly in their game with ^Harvard, a consistent progress and strong
team play. Wesleyan and Brown would also need a game to settle
the precedence. Brown performed most creditable work, and in her
game with Dartmouth reaped the reward by a decisive victory.
Dartmouth was able to win her league championship, but after defeat
at the hands of Brown, had a most disastrous Western trip. Amherst
turned the tables on Williams unexpectedly at the end, owing to
steady work upon one line of play. Lafayette and Lehigh had their
annual duel, each winning a game, although Lafayette finished the
strongest. The University of North Carolina, after an interesting
contest, succeeded in defeating Virginia. New York State foot ball
developetl some excellent men, notably Cady of Colgate, Smith of
Union, Gordon of Buffalo, and Wilcox of Syracuse.

Middle West foot ball gave us the first opportunity for a long time
of measuring something of the development of the teams in that sec-
tion. The trip East of the University of Chicago to try conclusions
with the University of Pennsylvania was something which the ma-
jority of Eastern spectators needed very much to set them right upon
this point. I doubt very much (and this is not the hysterical result
of a few brilliant plays, but my mature deliberation after watching
the play of Stagg's team very carefully) whether any team in the East
would not have been puzzled and put upon the defensive by the work
of these men in the first half of the game they played. In fact, not
even Harvard, and certainly not Yale, Princeton or Cornell, could
have done better against these players than did Pennsylvania, and
hence any Eastern team would probably have finished behind at the
end of the first half. I do not know that the second half, as shown
at Philadelphia, is susceptible of any logical explanation. The
Westerners could not maintain the advantage they had gained, but
that may be in some measure attributed to the fact of their long
journey and the consequent exhaustion. But one must accept facts
as they stand, and the second half is as much a part of the game as
the first half. For all that, I shall not be fully at ease regarding the
merits of Eastern and Western foot ball until an Eastern team meets

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SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. gj

one of the best of these Middle West organizations on Western
grounds. The kick of Herschberger has already been commented
upon in these columns. The general play of the Chicago team, out-
side of this man's marvelous kicking ability, was up to the standard,
as we measure it, of our Eastern teams. In addition to this the
Chicago team had a variety of clever plays and had the courage of
their convictions in attempting these plays and making them operate.
The Michigan team defeated Chicago at the end of the season, in a
closely contested match, so that we must give other Middle West
teams credit for being up to the standard of the one they sent on to
us for trial.

Western foot ball, and especially the foot ball of that section we
call the Middle West, has reached such a point of development that
it must be considered as a type by itself, and such contests as that
between Chicago and the University of Pennsylvania enable us to
make certain measurements and comparisons which show the great
spread, not alone of the popularity of the sport, but of its science as
well. The Thanksgiving day game between Chicago and Michigan
was beyond question the best that the West has ever seen, and the
standard was high enough to make it quite on a par with the Eastern
match of that same day. Michigan won by a score of 12-11. If
there be one factor above another which one might select as account-
ing for Michigan's success, it would be their excellent condition.
But the play of their team, under the coaching of Baird, their captain
in 1894, must also be put in the scale with the work of Fitzpatrick in
conditioning the men. The team did not get together thoroughly
until just before this match. Chicago, whom we had already seen in
the East, played a game of which any team might be proud. It may
be that they felt a little over-confident, owing to their greater ex-
perience, and basing their judgment on Michigan's play earlier in the
season. The \vork of Michigan's ends, and of their right half-back,
McLean, in running back punts, went far toward neutralizing the
advantage Chicago possessed in Herschberger's kicking. His work
was not quite as steady as it had been in the play of Chicago in their
Eastern trip. What really settled the game, however, was Widman's
long run of some sixty-five yards, when he broke clear from the line
on a bucking play, shook himself loose, and, circling for the side of

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 93

the field, outran the men who endeavored to cut him off. Toward
the end of the game Chicago came again, and by resistless line-buck-
ing, carried the ball down and over for a touchdown.

But it is not Michigan and Chicago alone who hold places of recog-
nition in this development of Western foot ball. Wisconsin, although
beaten this year by Chicago 6-0, has a past record that is most envi-
able, and such a kicker as O'Dea would rank above the first class of
Eastern punters. Northwestern, though suffering a disastrous defeat;
at the hands of Wisconsin, held Michigan to a score of 6-5. Minne-
sota took a victory from Northwestern, 17-5, and Illinois beat Minne-
sota ii-io. Oberlin defeated Purdue lo-o, but came up into especial
prominence by holding Cornell down to six points.

As centres, Cavanaugh of Chicago and Cunningham of Michigan
outclass the rest in speed and skill. The play of the former has been
consistently good, no matter what kind of an opponent he was obliged
to face. Cunningham toward the end of the season was a close
match for him, and was perhaps the more active in work not usually
accredited to the occupant of that position. In that respect Cunning-
ham is not unlike Overfield of Pennsylvania, and with his strength
compares very favorably with him.

Burnett of Chicago is the most prominent of the guards, although
Caley of Michigan, with his additional ability as a full-back, is a
more •' all-round " man. France of Michigan is another man whose
game has been of a high order.

As tackles, Steckle of Michigan is as good a defensive player as
one will find anywhere. He is strong and aggressive, and never at a
loss. Holmes of Wisconsin, with Mortimer of Chicago, would come
next to him, and the former would make a good match for Steckle.
King of Illinois deserves, also, to be mentioned in this connection,
as his form was good and his work valuable.

On the ends. Snow of Michigan and Anderson of Wisconsin make
a remarkably strong pair. The former is as good an end as the West
has yet produced, and his work in the Chicago game counted particu-
larly for his side. Anderson, while perhaps less finished than Snow,
is a very hard man for the opposing side to handle. Bennett of
Michigan would press these men closely, especially if he always put
up the game displayed in his Chicago match.

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

Of quarters, the most notable is Kennedy of Chicago. His work in
the East and West has shown conclusively that a heavy man can be
taught to play the position, and that once taught he is especially
serviceable against opposing line-bucking and close formations as
well as a considerable assistance in offensive play by his own side.

Of notable half-backs, Herschberger of Chicago and McLean of
Michigan are most prominent, although the latter's mate, Widman,
would run him very close for the place and deserves especial credit
for his run on Thanksgiving day.

Of full-backs, as usually regarded, O'Dea of Wisconsin was un-
questionably the best in kicking, although the presence of. Hersch-
berger as a half would allow of Slaker, Perry or Caley.

Trans-Mississippi foot ball did not perhaps develop in the line of
increased skill and stronger teams, but there has certainly been
marked progress toward something far more valuable, and that is a
better mutual understanding among contesting teams. When an old
college professor told the writer a year or two ago that his only objec-
tion to foot ball was that in the year or two in which the game had
been played between institutions of learning in his part of the country,
a marked feeling of enmity between these universities had grown up
synchronously with the development of the sport, he hit the nail
squarely on the head, and if such had proved to be the continued
verdict, then foot ball as an intercollegiate sport must eventually
perish. The condition of affairs that has marked the game in the
Trans-Mississippi university organizations was of this nature, but
this year there has been an improvement, and if all the teams of that
section join with the efforts of those who by their power in the press
and their personal influence can do so much toward promoting har-
mony, the result will be a far better standard of sport and a better
standing of the game with the community in the West, and the re-
spect and sympathy of those interested in the game throughout the
country.

Benedict, Hamill and Stringer are by far the best three players on
the four teams of the Trans-Mississippi. Benedict has made more
long runs than all the other backs together. He handles punts well
and runs them back in fine style. He is a good drop-kicker and a
long punter; works hard every minute, and is in every play.

REID AND DIBBLEE,

Harvard.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 97

Since Pearse and Hayward of last year's Nebraska team enlisted,
Hamill has been in a class by himself among the tackles. He is
strong on defense, opens up gaps for the backs most effectively, is
fine in tackling and in breaking up interference, and gains well when
given the ball.

Stringer is the strongest end in breaking up interference and getting
the man with ball that ever played in the We'st. He is not quite so
swift in following under punts as one or two others, but he seldom
fails to be upon the spot when the ball arrives, and he never misses
his man. No good gains have been made around his end. He inter-
feres well and is a very hard man to stop when he carries the ball.

Milford has easily surpassed the other centres in sure passing, in
holding his man, and in getting into all the plays. He kicked forty
out of forty-four trials at goal.

Turner has been the strongest guard in holding his man, in opening
holes, in checking mass plays against either side of the line, and in
carrying the ball.

Mosse has played a good, strong, all-round game. He has been
called upon — as has Hare of Pennsylvania — to do the kicking for his
team. This has hindered his work as guard, and it is not unlikely
that Hansen has played, as a guard, a steadier, surer, more satis-
factory game.

Kingsbury ranks next to, though considerably behind, Hamill. He
rushes his men in the line as play starts, and so does a good deal to
break up interference before it is well started. He also carries the
ball and tackles well.

Avery is a trifle quicker than Stringer, but is much behind him in
■^11 other points of the game. He tackles well and is good in breaking
up interference, but the foot ball genius or instinct is much less de-
veloped in him. Stringer, with opportunities, would be a great end.

Morton of Iowa ranks close to Hess of Kansas as half-back. Both
hit the line hard and find their holes well. Hess, however, has more
experience and understands the points of the game better.

The league has this year no quarter-back of the first class, like
Kennedy of last year's Kansas team. Owens of Kansas has gained
more with the ball in hand than Griffith. The latter is surer in pass-
ing, is especially strong in tackling and breaking up interference, and

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. gg

has shown fine generalship. He is probably worth more to his team
than the former.

No one can rank with Irvin this year in his section as a plunging
back. He is not always " on edge," but nothing seen this year has
approached his plunges through the line in the last ten minutes of the
Nebraska-Iowa game. He is a sure catcher of punts, a good, though
not a long, distance-kicker, and a very hard man to stop without good
gain when running the ball back.

Pacific Coast foot ball is beginning to reach that stage of develop-
ment where steady hard work is appreciated. It is said that when
Mr. Butterworth was coaching the University of California team two
or three years ago he M^as asked by a member of that team, when they
were all at the table, how he thought the California team would com-
pare with an Eastern team. "What team?" queried Mr. Butter-
worth. " Oh, say West Point," replied his questioner. "About 40
to o," said the coach. There was a period of silence, and then one
of the more adventurous put the question that was agitating them
all: "But, Mr. Butterworth, which way?" — and all hung upon his
answer. " Why, they'd beat you 40 to o." After that he was seldom
bored with requests to compare the Berkeley team with those in the
East.

This season, however, the University of California, for the first
time in the history of foot ball in that institution, defeated their old
rival, Stanford, incidentally at the same time demonstrating con-
clusively the value of long consistent work. For a number of years
there has been a feeling at Berkeley that there was a mysterious
something in the way of star players, or special devices, or the spirit
and dash of an individual, that enabled teams to win foot ball cham-
pionships. They began to get some inkling of the truth toward the
end of last year, but it was not until the advent of Cochran — who, by
the way, went out in the spring, and went over the situation — that
they realized what was before them. He showed them a great many
things which it was necessary that they should learn. At first they
did not take ail he said for granted, and there came near being a rup-
ture between them; but ir the end they saw the truth of his views
and the justness of his staad, and through him learned how some of
the best teams of the East are willing to work for the sake of victory.

HALLOWELL,

Harvard.'

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. lOl

As soon as possible Cochran got his team into order, and then he kept
them steadily at it until they could perform their duties with thei\-
eyes shut; but, best of all, they were willing to work together, and
anything like dependence upon a star for victory was thoroughly
knocked out of their heads.

Down at Palo Alto they found themselves for the first time put in
the position where it was necessary to develop a new line. A con-
stant succession of players had in the past been carrying on and hand-
ing down some of the original principles that had made Yale a wonder
in the foot ball world, and it was not until this year that Stanford was
free from the traditions of Eastern foot ball and in a position to strike
out on her own hook. "Whatever the result of this situation might
have been had there been perfect harmony no one can tell; it may be
that the Western spirit, which is certainly a strong one, would have
carried them through with credit, but there was no harmony. Their
coach. Cross, was unable to patch up the factions, and tean» work
seemed gradually disappearing. Differences in views and the loss of
tradition went far toward making matters worse, and in the end Stan-
ford was badly defeated. While this is haid on the wearers of the
cardinal, and hard on their coach, the real result of the season's play
cannot be without a salutary effect upon the game of the Pacific
Coast. Just as in the East, when early teams depended upon the re-
markable playing of individuals, and team work was hardly more
than a name, it took severe shocks to show that eleven average men,
playing upon certain well-defined lines, and thoroughly molded
together, by the efforts of a coach, into a harmonious whole, would
simply annihilate any team of stars, so on the Pacific Coast it required
such a lesson as this to demonstrate the value of hard work and team
play. There is no royal road to victory in foot ball and no remark-
able finish brought about by spirit and dash on the eve of contest,
and in that contest, that can make up for the plodding work of de-
velopment in the detail of position, and it is something worth notice
that this season of 1898 has demonstrated this fact to teams separated
by the entire width of the continent. Harvard sent the lesson home
to Yale for the first time in seven years, and Berkeley did the same to
Stanford.

HILLEBRAND,

Princeton University,

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT HALL GUIDE,

1 03

ALL-AMERICA TEAM

First Eleven
Palmer, Princeton.
Hillebrantl, Princeton.
Brown, Yale.
Overfield, Pennsylvania.
Hare, Pennsylvania.
Chamberlin, Yale.
Hallowell, Harvard.
Daly, Harvard.
Outland, Pennsylvania.
Dibblee, Harvard.
Herschberger, Chicago.

Second Eleveti
Poe, Princeton.
Steckle, Michigan.
McCracken, Pennsylvania.
Cunningham, Michigan.
Boal, Harvard.
Haughton, Harvard.
Cochrane, Harvard.
Kennedy, Chicago.
Richardson, Brown.
Warren, Harvard.
O'Dea, Wisconsin.

Third Eleven
Folwell, Pennsylvania
Sweelland, Cornell.
Randolph, Pa. State.
Jaffray, Harvard.
Reed, Cornell.
Foy, West Point.
Smith, West Point.
Kromer, West Point.
Raymond, Wesleyan.
Benedict, Nebraska.
Romeyn, West Point.

ALL-AMERICA TEAM OF J897

First Eleven ,
Cochran, Princeton.
Chamberlin, Yale.
Hare, Pennsylvania.
Doucette, Harvard.
Brown, Yale.
Outland, Pennsylvania
Hall, Yale.
De SauUes, Yale.
Dibblee, Harvard.
Kelly, Princeton.
Minds, Pennsylvania.

Second Eleven
Boyle, Pennsylvania.
Rodgers, Yale.
Chadwick, Yale,
Cadwalader, Yale.
Rinehart, Lafayette.
Scales, West Point.
McKeever, Cornell.
Young, Cornell.
Nesbitt, West Point
Fultz, Brown.
McBride, Yale.

Third Eleven
Moulton, Harvard.
Hillebrand, Princeton.
Bouve, Harvard.
Overfield, Pennsylvania.
McCracken, Pennsylvania.
Donald, Harvard.
Tracy, Cornell.
Baird, Princeton.
Bannard, Princeton.
Walbridge, Lafayette.
Wheeler, Princeton.

The lesson of the season of 1898 to players and coaches was the
demonstration of the value of the kicking department. This, in a
way, is opposed to what had become such a predominant factor;
namely, team play, as evidenced in the running game and special
formations. The kicking branch, given an ordinarily good line, is a
question of individual ability in the kicker and ends. Get a man who
can punt accurately and far, and two ten-second men who can tackle
when the ball drop?, and the combination shows for itself what a
feature individual ability may become. And since so much has been
made of mass plays and long-studied interference, since the accom-
plishment of getting eight men into the push at the same moment
has been regarded as such a feature of the play, it is good for the
game and good for the sport to have it shown that individual skill

PALMER,
Princeton University.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. IO5

and individual speed are still tremendous factors in winning games.
Again, it is individual work pure and simple to catch punts. And
two at least of the big games of this season were lost through a woful
lack of this individual ability. Foot ball takes on at once fifty peV
cent, more interest, especially to the spectator, now that he knows
the possibilities and probabilities of his seeing the ball are thus in-
creased. To watch the struggling mass of players move painfully
two or three yards at a time, while it becomes exciting to the partisan
when the play reaches the five-yard line, can to the general onlooker
never compare in point of interest with the interchange of kicks, the
swoop down the field of two ends, the dodge and run back of the good
catcher, or the fatal muff and scurry to secure the ball, and perhaps r
touchdown and victory, involved '"'A the punting game.

In selecting an All-American Team last year and this year, I have
endeavored to follow out consistently what would be the course of
the management if such a team were to be a real one, destined to
meet an outside rival, and equipped as well as are our big teams in
point of material. Every big university has for its team not eleven
men, but a first eleven and a second eleven, and as many more avail-
able men as would go to make up a third eleven. Harvard played
something like sixteen men in only one of her big games, and, as
noted in an earlier portion of this review, could have fully equipped
three elevens. We should hardly do less in our selection for a
national team.

Hallowell has all the family foot ball characteristics.
ENDS He possesses a keen eye for the ball, good speed, and

that ability to break interference without which the
modern end can hardly be said to be equipped for his position. In
both the Pennsylvania and Yale games it was his work in getting
down the field, together with that of his comrade end, that made
Haughton's kicking so wonderfully effective. Nor was Hallowell
caught by trick plays, delayed passes or end runs; and this is the true
test of the foot ball calibre of an end today. To be fast, to break
interference, and to be wise about the time of going. in, make up the
requisites of an end rusher, and all these Hallowell possessed in a
marked degree. Hallowell showed his speed in the Pennsylvania
game and his judgment as to going in in both that match and the

EDWARDS,

Princeton University.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. I07

later one at New Haven. In both games, and during the entire
season, his tackling was hard and clean. Smith of West Point and
Snow of Michigan were the only ones who could pick out the man
with the ball as well. Poe took greater advantage of fumbles, but
was not as able in meeting interference, especially where it was close,
and his light weight handicapped him.

Palmer was one of the most effective of the ends of the season,
owing in a large measure to his speed. He is probably the fastest
end on the field today, and with that speed he combines good judg-
ment and strong, clean tackling. The man who gets by him has to
take big chances and make the most of them. While not a showy
player, he was a careful one. When interference or a long or double
pass tended to get the runner out beyond him, he usually managed to
keep getting out with the play, so that, although a slight gain might
be made, he prevented that fatal circling of the end which a runner
must accomplish in order to net a large gain. It was due to his speed
that De Saulles never had that one chance for a run back for which
he would have sacrificed that ankle.

I'oe of Princeton made the most remarkable single run, and by far
the most telling runs of the year, but he might have made that run
from any other position than that of end, and his general performance
throughout the season, while of the highest grade, could not quite
place him ahead of Palmer and Hallowell. Yet none compared with
him in these wonderful dashes. In the Annapolis game eighty yards,
in the Brown game, forty yards, and in the Yale game ninety-five
yards, and touchdowns in every case, ought to fill this young man's
cup to the brim. Folwell of the University of Pennsylvania and
Cochrane of Harvard were both very strong men, and Cochrane had
an additional ability to kick; but the fact that Cochrane was unaljle
to play out either of his two big matches, and that Folwell was unable
in the Harvard game to prevent the running back of Hare's kicks,
prevents them from being set up with Palmer and Hallowell. Coch-
rane of Harvard was first-class, had an ability to kick and was a dash-
ing player, but he failed to last out either of his big games. Smith
of West Point and Hedges of Pennsylvania both played some remark-
able games, and the former had exceptional ability in reaching the
man with the ball. Snow of Michigan was one of the best ends the

McBRIDE,

Yale University.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. lOy

West has developed and close to some of the best in point of speed.
Anderson of Wisconsin is also an end deserving of mention, and so is
Stringer of Nebraska. Chadwell of Williams kept up his good work
and exhibited the results of experience. Hubbell of Yale was at
times a most striking example of good end play, but he was not in
condition. Hamill of Chicago was another man of ability, but at
Philadelphia was unable to cover Herschberger's punts, owing to slow
starting. Womble, a University of California freshman, did capital
work, and if he keeps in the game will be heard from. Parker of
Stanford displayed in this his second year good speed.

Hillebrand, while he did not allow his captaincy to
TACKLE interfere with the play of his position, undertook at
times more of the work than ought to fall to the share
of the tackle on a well-balanced team. This was due not a little to
the make-up of the Princeton line, where the chief resisting force lay
in the three men in the middle, but the weight of these three men
made quick shifting of their positions impossible. Hence Hillebrand
had plenty to do, and was literally all over the field. He is one of
the exceptions to the general rule of men who undertake such a prac-
tice, for he was safe and steady, as well as at times brilliant. While
the work he had to do gave him an opportunity of showing his great
ability for close following of the ball, Hillebrand has never since 'g6
had a chance to show to the full his ability, and what it would be on
a well-balanced team. In that year he was young and green, Init
good, and with the added experience with the same backing, he
would have shone out this season in a way to make a name for him-
self among the star tackles of the past. As it was, he has made sure
of a place, but not the lasting fame of a Cowan or a Church.

Chamberlin, the other captain of the season of 1898 to stand in the
tackle's position, while perhaps not as aggressive as in '97, was well
up above the rank of the ordinary tackle both in offense and defense.
Added to that, he performed some kicking, as did Haughton of
Harvard. Between the two, as far as kicking went, there was no
comparison. Haughton outclassed him, as he did practically all the
Eastern kickers, especially in the point of accuracy. But in the
ordinary work of the tackler's position, taking the season through,
Chamberlin performed the duties of the place with more uniform

BROWN,

Yale University,

SPALDING S OFFICIAl, KOOT BALL GUIDE. Ill

certainty than any other tackle save Hillebrand, particularly when it
is considered that the Yale man had to bolster up a line that had
several seriously weak points. Time and again in the Princeton
game it was the Yale captain, who, performing the work that should
have been accomplished by the ends, would bring down the man who
was attempting the run to kick back. His tackling was certain as
the grip of a steel trap, and he never missed his man. It is his un-
erring selection of the moment and the man that has always made
Chamberlin such a valuable tackle, and this year he repeated his own
individual good work, though less strongly in the Harvard than in
the Princeton game.

Haughton was far and away the best kicker on the Eastern gridiron
this fall. He had distance, height and accuracy, and, added to all
these, he kicked a ball which, while it looked to the spectators to be
an easy one to handle, proved the bane of every man who during the
season was called upon to ca'ch it. I have it on the authority of Mr.
Forbes that not even Daly and Dibblee, after a season's work upon it,
could make sure of catching the punts that Haughton drove. This
may be some measure of consolation to the men on the Pennsylvania
and Yale teams who had this work to do in the big games. More-
over, the Haughton of 1898 was a very different Haughton from the
man who played in the last Yale game at Cambridge. He was active,
confident and aggressive. He improved steadily as the play went on,
and his exhibition in both his big games has not been equaled by any
kicker for many years. In fact, the net result of his work is probably
greater by actual measurement of gains than that of any kicker in any
of our big matches. If this could properly be regarded as work
belonging to the tackle position no competitor could equal him. But
it is not a prerequisite of a tackle that he should be a punter. In
fact, other things being equal, a punting half or full-back is better
than a punting tackle, because it should enable an eleven to get off a
kick against opponents when less prepared for that particular play.
As a tackle pure and simple, Haughton was undeniably good, but not
as shifty or experienced as cither Chamberliii or Hillebrand. As
heavy a man as Hare could not have got to the outside of either of
these men.

Steckle of Michigan is a star tackle, and while he has not perhaps

ELY,

Yale.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. Il3

shown the fullness of general development exhibited by Ililiebrand
and Chamberlin, it has been because the general opportunity of
acquiring a wide experience has not been offered to him. Foy of
West Point is well up. Sweetland of Cornell followed the ball most
closely, and with Donald gained a touchdown thereby in a big game.
Carnett and B. Pierce, in the East, were especially strong in some of
their matches, the former against Chicago and the latter in the Yale
game; and Holmes of Wisconsin is as good a man as the West has
produced outside of Steckle. Hapgood of Brown did some strong
playing also. Cady of Colgate is a first-class man, as Sweetland dis-
covered when they met. Pringle of Berkeley had cleverness, and
made the most of it for his team, enabling his backs to take many
yards outside Stanford's tackle.

Hare, in spite of all the work that was thrown on
GUARDS his shoulders in the way of punting, running and de-
fense, was undoubtedly the guard of the season. He
was pretty well hammered to pieces before the end, but for all that
his injuries were hardly apparent in his play, save when he had to
perform his kicking. He is a natural player, has unlimited spirit and
dash, and is for a guard exceptionally fast. He can make ground
widi the ball, he can aid in the interference, he can tackle, and he
can block. In addition to all these, he is a fair punter when in con-
dition, but liable to kick too low for his ends. But kicking has not
been regarded, and may not fairly be regarded, in a guard's province.
For two years this man has demonstrated that he can perform all the
duties of the guard's position as well, and in several respects better
than any man he has faced, and, in fact, better than any man occupy-
ing the place on any team. That he has been able, in addition to
this, to help out a lamentable weakness in the kicking department of
his team does not detract from his record.

Brown made his mark last season, and this year was equally steady
and reliable. So far as the proper duties of the position are con-
cerned, there was no man who could perform them better. He was
not tried at running with the ball, nor at kicking, but in defensive
work, and in opening holes in the opposing line, under legal restric-
tions, he was at the top of his class. Like Chamberlin, his captain,
he had to help out men on either side of him, and the task was a

T. TRUXTON HARE,

Captain University of Pennsylvania.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. H5

large one, but his play in the Princeton game alone would have in-
sured him the place even without the other good work that he per-
formed throughout the season. He is a student of the game, and
before he came to college developed a strong school team. He knows
why his position requires certain qualities and what to do under the
most trying circumstances. He is fully competent to cope with the
urtexpected, and is what may be termed a thoroughly experienced and
extraordinarily well-equipped guard. In the Harvard game he was
put in the position of having to do a share of the work of men on
each side of him. I doubt very much if any guard of this season,
save possibly Hare, would have been able to stand it out with any-
thing like the success that Brown exhibited upon that occasion. He
might have been content with showing off simply as a guard, but
Brown is not that kind of a player, and, seeing the need, he supplied
it to the best of his ability.

McCracken, had he been in first-rate condition through the season,
would have crowded Brown very closely, although he could not equal
his team mate. Hare. Boal of Harvard and Reed of Cornell are like-
wise close to the leaders, and played consistent foot ball throughout
the season. Wheeler of Brown, Burnett of Chicago and Townsend
of Wesleyan also deserve special mention for reliability in the
straight work of the position. Burden of Harvard was good in de-
fensive play and strong on his feet. Randolph of Pennsylaania State
was the strongest of his team, and that team was a good one. Had
he been on some of the crack teams he would have made a good bid
for a place with the best. Caley of Michigan was, like Hare, a guard
with a double duty, for he played full-back upon occasion, and did it
well. There was another man who exhibited the interchangeability
of guard and full-back. Greisberg of California, full-back in '97,
was moved up to guard this year, and made one of the best line men
on the Coast. Mosse of Kansas is another guard with kicking ability,
although Turner of Nebraska was rather the stronger on the regular
position.

Overfield seemed to be, barring Hare, almost the
CENTRES , , T^ , . ,

only man on the Pennsylvania team who throughout

the season kept up a consistent, steady advance. It is even more

creditable to Overfield that he was able to perform such excellent

OVERFIELD,

University of Pennsylvania.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 1 17

centre work from the fact that physically he is not heavy enough
to be on an equality with the men he is likely to face. It was
necessary, therefore, for him to make up with skill what he lacked in
pounds. This he did, playing a hard, vigorous and thoroughly scien-
tific centre throughout the season. And, with the exception of the
last few minutes of the Cornell game, lasting through his games in
spite of the handicap. He is one of the speediest centres we have
ever had, and, under usual conditions, accurate and always careful.
Flanked by two big guards, who can with their weight help him out;
he plays an ideal game. His tackling is first-class and his getting
down the field under kicks remarkable, when one considers his posi-
tion and the way in which most centres stand still after snapping the
ball and let the rest of the line men do the running. My own feeling
has always been that men of the type of Overfield and Lewis, the old
Harvard centre, might be fully as effective if played at tackle. How-
ever, although Harvard hammered Boal and Reid straight into Over-
field when he was being practically held down in close quarters by
big Jaffray, the gains were so modest that, after battering out some
twenty yards or so, they changed. That showed Overfield's calibre,
and he has always demonstrated his exceptional activity.

Cunningham of Michigan deserves mention in this connection, and
the game he put up against Cavanaugh showed that he is to be classed
among the good ones of this year. He is strong and active, never lets
up, and keeps his man on the go from the very start. Cavanaugh of
Chicago gave Overfield plenty of work, and while perhaps not as
quick on his feet, certainly exhibited a remarkable ability in checking
plays in his vicinity, and, added to this, got the ball back with the
greatest accuracy of any centre of the year, save possibly Jaffray.
The latter, during the two half times that he played in big matches
— namely, the Pennsylvania and Yale games — exhibited form of the
highest class, and had he played out both games, displaying the same
ability, would have displaced Overfield. There is no line man today
who could so exasperatingly occupy space and prevent the opposing
centre and one guard oftentimes from getting into the play as could
this tall and strong product of Cambridge. Burnett, Jaffray's under-
study, was quick and strong, but we shall have a chance to see him
develop further, and Daly did not seem to handle his snapping as

FOLWELL,
University of Pennsylvania.

SPALDINO'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. lHj

easily as he did Jaffray's. ]jooth of Princeton was a safe player, and
Yale could find no way through the middle of Princeton's line, for
with Edwards and Crowdis the trio was absolutely impregnable,

Daly has earned the right to be classed as one of

QUARTERS , , , , *=* , , ,, tt ,

the best quarters who has ever passed a ball, lie has
all the requisites that go to make up the man for such a position.
He is steady, he drives his men well, he tosses an easy ball to
handle, and he thinks of every play. Besides this, his tackling —
note two particular instances, that of McCracken in the Penn-
sylvania game and that of Ely in the Yale game — is certain and
deadly. Finally, he can handle the ball when it is kicked by the
opponents, can run it in or can punt it a long, hard drive down the
field when it is necessary to return it. All in all, the man who would
try to improve upon Daly as a quarter-back would either not know
Daly or else be ignorant of the requirements of the place.

In quarter-backs, after Daly of Harvard, Kennedy of Chicago an^l
Kromer of West Point deserve the place. Both were steady men, Ken-
nedy the stronger on plays in offense and defense where weight was re-
quired, but Kromer offsetting this by his added ability to kick. Hudson
of the Carlisle team continued his exceptional work as an accurate
drop-kicker, and one that could be relied upon in actual contests.

Young of Cornell and Ely of Yale both exhibited under trying cir-
cumstances the qualities and the skill that might have earned them
the place under different conditions, but both these men had too
much to do in the way of work outside their positions on account of
the weaknesses of their own team, and thus marred their showing in
a measure. Smith of Union was a man who on a larger team would
have made his mark. Owens of Kansas and Griflith of Iowa both did
clever work, the former being especially strong in advancing the ball.
Further West, Murphy of Stanford, though with a game leg, did
some hard playing upon a defeated team. His run, when he caught
his own high punt and redeemed his poor kick by carrying the ball
some eighty yards, was enough to entitle him to mention.

Dibblee is one of those men who are naturally foot

HALF-BACKS , „ , ^, ,. i -i i ^ i ,

ball players. Of medium build, compact and strong
he has within him that spirit which seems to be more than matter,
and which acts as a steel spring within him when he starts on a run.

A. E. WHITING,

Captain Cornell University Foot Ball Team.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 121

He is fast, a good dodger, and seldom fumbles. He is a good
catcher and a fair interferer, that part of his play being especially
good in assisting a single runner in a broken-up field. Mated
with Daly, the two men make the safest as well as the most
certain combination of players behind the line that any team has had
in a long time. He has improved in following interference, and is
able to make use of it in scrimmage plays, while his natural dodging
and shifting for himself when once well started or in a broken field
make him doubly dangerous to his opponents.

Outland showed himself one of the best general runners that ever
stood behind a line. By this I particularly mean that he could either
buck the line or go out around the end. Besides that, he was cool
when once under headway, and had the weight and strength to throw
off a man when necessary. In two important games by exceptional
runs he turned the tables in Pennsylvania's favor when they were
behind. And, after all, that is what we must judge by — not what a
player might do, but what he did do, and in this Outland stands forth
without challenge as next to and very close to Dibblee.

Herschberger was played by Chicago as a half-back, but it has
come to be the fact that the three men behind the line are practically
interchangeable, and a half-back must be regarded in the same light
as a full-back. Warren of Harvard, after Dibblee and Outland, sup-
posing that Herschberger on account of his kicking is classed as a
full-back, would be called a close second, although Richardson of
Brown, Raymond of Wesleyan, Benedict of Nebraska, McLean and
Widman of Michigan, and, when in shape, Reiter of Princeton all
push him closely. Whiting of Cornell, had it not been for his injury,
which for a time incapacitated him, and which certainly detracted
very materially from his ability in the latter half of the season, would
have pushed Outland hard, and would have been ranked very close to
Dibblee. Croelius of Dartmouth put up a strong game. Durston of
Yale as a line-bucker pure and simple was the strongest of the entire
lot, but his more natural position was that of tackle, and he has not
the speed for circling runs, which must be regarded as part of the
equipment of a half-back today. Waldron of West Point is likewise
a strong line-plunger, and Dudley of Yale, upon the one or two occa-
sions when he was in condition, showed some of his old-time form.

WM. McKEEVER,
Captain Cornell University Foot Ball Team, 1897.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. I23

Townshend of Yale was light, but very promising until he hurt his
knee. Gordon of Buffalo, Wilcox of vSyracuse and Folger of Ilobart
are all men who would be noticed if they had powerful line men in
front of them. Both the captains of the Pacihc Coast teams were
good half-backs, Fisher at Stanford a sturdy line-bucker, but Hall at
Berkeley the better ground-gainer.

Herschberger of Chicago, in his performance against
FULL-BACKS Pennsylvania, exhibited the best all-around kicking of
the season, punting, place-kicking and drop-kicking
with equal accuracy and facility. Barring O'Dea of Wisconsin, he is
the longest kicker, so far as public form is concerned, of the year.
To say that O'Dea can outdistance him is a statement that will make
those in the East open their eyes, but it is nevertheless a fact. But
in running and other points of a position behind the line, Hersch-
berger is conceded to be the better man; in fact, it ought to be
enough praise for one man to be able to outpunt such a kicker as
Herschberger. The tackling of the latter in the Pennsylvania match
was not quice up to the standard, but the work he had to do, coming
as it did principally in the second half, and when his line was letting
men come through more than they should, was sufficiently trying to
stand as a fair measure of excuse. With Palmer and Hallowell to
cover his kicks and prevent running back, he could let out another
link, and the team that had to meet his kicking game would needs
make the most of themselves to equal the gains. With the demon-
stration given the kicking game this season all players will realize
what it means to a team to have a kicker who can be relied upon to
send the ball high enough for his ends, and yet cover over fifty-five
yards with accuracy and consistency. This, with the ends named,
would mean the certain encroachment of ten to fifteen yards on every
interchange with the forty on- forty-five yard punter, and, other things
being equal, the final victory. Or, to turn it another way, Plersch-
berger has demonstrated in actual contest with first-class teams,
notably in the match with Pennsylvania, and under trying conditions,
that it is not safe to give him a kick from a fair catch anywhere from
forty-five to fifty-five yards of the opponent's goal. Owing to his
superiority in punting, it must devolve upon the opponents to kick
out, and there are very few backs who can send the ball beyond the

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

125

middle of the field, and certainly not if kicking against tlie wind.
Of the men who occupied the position of full-back, O'Dea, with his
tremendous punting power, would be a factor on any team. Reid of
Harvard, Romeyn of West Point and Wheeler of Princeton showed
the most general and even consistency of work. But Kaughton did
most Chf Reid's kicking and Wheeler was not in shape to play until
nearly the end of Princeton's season. McBride, erratic in his punts,
was an exceptional man on interference and defensive play. Slaker
of Chicago, Bray of Lafayette, Irvin of Nebraska, Cure of Pennsyl-
vania State and Perry of Northwestern, all showed good qualities.

ALL- AMERICA TEAMS FROM t889 TO J 898

1889
Cumnock, Harvard.
Cowan, Princeton.
Cranston, Harvard.
George, Princeton.
Heffelfinger, Yale.
Gill, Yale.
Stagg, Yale.
Poe, Princeton.
Lee, Harvard.
Channing, Princeton.
Ames, Princeton.

Hallowell, Harvard.
Newell, Harvard.
Riggs, Princeton.
Cranston, Harvard.
Heffelfinger, Yale.
Rhodes, Yale.
Warren, Princeton.
Dean, Harvard.
Corbett, Harvard.
McClung, Yale.
Homans, Princeton.

1891
Hinkey, Yale.
Winter, Yale.
Heffelfinger, Yale.
Adams, Pennsylvani
Riggs, Princeton.
Newell, Harvard.
Hartwell, Yale.
King, Princeton.
Lake, Harvard.
McClung, Yale.
Homans, Princeton.

Hinkey, Yale.
Wallis, Yale.
Waters, Harvard.
Lewis, Harvard.
Wheeler, Princeton.
Newell, Harvard.
Hallowell, Harvard.
McCormick, Yale.
Brewer, Harvard.
King, Princeton.
Thayer, Pennsylvania.

STARBUCK,
Cornell.

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT HALL GUIDE.

127

1893
Hinkey, Yale.
Lea, Princeton.
Wheeler, Princeton.
Lewis, Harvard.
Hickok, Yale.
Newell, Harvard.
Trenchard, Princeton.
King, Princeton.
Brewer, Harvard.
Morse, Princeton.
Butterworth, Yale.

1894
Hinkey, Yale.
Waters, Harvard.
Wheeler, Princeton.
Stillnian, Yale.
Hickok, Yale.
Lea, Princeton.
Gelbert, Pennsylvania.
Adee, Yale.
Knipe, Pennsylvania.
Brooke, Pennsylvania.
Butterworth, Yale.

1895
Cabot, }Iarvard,
Lea, Princeton.
Wharton, Pennsylvania.
Bull, Pennsylvania.
Riggs, Princeton.
Murphy, Yale.
Gelbert, Pennsylvania.
Wyckoff, Cornell.
Thorne, Yale.
Brewer, Harvard.
Brooke, Pennsylvania.

Cabot, Harvard.
Church, Princeton.
Wharton, Pennsylvania.
Gailey, Princeton.
Woodruff, Pennsylvania.
Murphy, Yale.
Gelbert, Pennsylvania.
Fincke, Yale.
Wrightington, Harvard.
Kelly, Princeton.
Baird, Princeton.

1897
Cochran, Princeton.
Chamberlin, Yale.
Hare, Pennsylvania.
Doucette, Harvard.
Brown, Yale.
Outland, Pennsylvar
Hall, Yale.
De Saulles, Yale.
Dibblee, Harvard.
Kelly, Princeton.
Minds, Pennsylvania

1898
Palmer, Princeton.
Hillebrand, Princeton.
Brown, Yale.
Overfield, Pennsylvania.
Hare, Penusylvania.
Cliamberlin, Yale.
Hallowell, Harvard
Daly, Harvard.
Dibblee, Harvard.
Outland, Pennsylvania.
Herschberger, Chicago.

C. B. HERSCHBERGER

University of Chicago.

SPECIAL MATCHES AND THEIR
RESULTS

HARVARD— YALE

The Harvard-Yale game of 1898 was remarkable especially for the
wretched conditions prevailing, which, however, improved toward
the end of the game, and for the exceptional play of the Harvard
team. It had been raining all morning and the Harvard freshmen
had defeated the Yale freshmen by a close score the last few minutes
of the game in a perfect downpour. The weather did not prevent
the crowd from attending the afternoon game, however, which began
with the rain lessening, but the field quite wet. The soil, however,
was quite sandy, and it did not seem to be slippery or interfere with
the players materially. Harvard, for the first time since 1890, tri-
umphed over their old rivals, winning by a score of 17 to o.

At no time during the game was Harvard's goal seriously menaced,
save, perhaps, towards the very end when Yale forced the ball near
enough for her captain, Chamberlin, to try a drop-kick at goal. The
trial was a failure, however, and time was called shortly after.

PRINCETON- YALE

The Princeton-Yale game was played at Princeton on a beautiful
day, and while the attendance was less than half of that which wit-
nessed the game in New York, it was a very representative assembly.

The game was remarkable for the amount of fumbling shown
especially by the Yale side, the only score being the result of a fum-
ble by Yale when within a short distance of Princeton's goal. Poe,
the Princeton end, seized the ball, and running the length of the
field for the only touchdown of the game. The touchdown was
directly between the posts, and was easily converted into a goal.

129

\V. S. KENiNKDY,

Captain University' of Chicago, 1898.

SPALDINr. S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL CUJIDK,

I3i

Although Yale carried the ball at times as much as 60 yards without
losing it, disastrous fumblings took away their advantage at most in-
opportune moments for them, and they left the ground defeated.

HARVARD— PENNSYLVANIA

The Harvard-Pennsylvania game was played at Cambridge on
November 5, under satisfactory weather conditions, although the day
was not a bright one. The general supposition before the game was
that the match would be a very close one, with the odds perhaps in
favor of Pennsylvania, on account of their former prestige and the
strength of the centre of the line. Harvard, however, led from the
very start. Pennsylvania's back fumbled a kick off and then en-
deavored to get a return, but a Harvard rusher came down the field,
finally falling on the ball behind Pennsylvania's goal. The only other
score of the game was made by a place-kick from a fair catch in the
second half. During the latter part of the game Harvard showed
herself too strong for Pennsylvania, forcing them down, especially
owing to the excellent kicking of Haughton and the inferior handling
of punts by the Pennsylvania backs. At the very last moment Har-
vard had the ball within a few feet of Pennsylvania's goal line, and
the call of time was the only thing that prevented further score by
the Cambridge men.

PENNSYLVANIA-CORNELL

The most remarkable game of the year was played on November 24,
in Philadelphia, in a blinding snow storm mingled with rain, with
the atmosphere so low that both players and spectators went through
a period of severe physical suffering. As a matter of fact, the ex-
posure was so great that in the second half of the match some of the
players had almost to be driven on to the field. Pennsylvania profited
very much by change of clothing at intermission, and came out in dry
suits. For a time it looked as if Cornell would certainly win the
match. The handling of kicks by Young, and his punting, was far
better than that of the Pennsylvania backs, and Hare, who attempted
to do the kicking for Pennsylvania, was so lame that it seemed cruelty
to ask him to do the work. Toward the latter part of the second half
Pennsylvania seemed to exhibit the better condition, and by a series

PHOTO BY RENTSCHLER.

A. G. STECKLE.

University of Michigan.

Spalding's official foot ball gl'ihe. 133

of desperate rushes succeeded in winning the game by a score of 12
to 6. Foot ball has been played on colder days, and when the ground
was frozen, but never in the entire course of its history in this
country has it been played under such trying conditions as beset the
players on that day.

PRINCETON-CORNELL

Princeton met Cornell on October 22, and in a game which was
rather crude on both sides. Princeton finally won by the steady line
bucking of her halves, aided by the fast work of her ends. The score
was 6 to o. and although Cornell exhibited at times considerable
brilliancy, her general play was not strong enough to make her a
match for Princeton.

YALE— WEST POINT

West Point played Yale on October 29. The play was rather un-
steady on both sides, and West Point put up a stronger game than
the final score would indicate. Yale was at times weak in handling
the ball, but finally won by a score of 10 to o.

PRINCETON- WEST POINT

Princeton played West Point on November 5, and the game was a
most exciting one. The West Point team held together and went in
with more abandon perhaps than in the earlier games of the season.
The final score was West Point, 5; Princeton, 5; the former kicking a
goal from the field.

HARVARD-WEST POINT

Harvard played West Point on October 15. early in the season, but
even at that time Harvard gave indication of far greater strength
than in previous years. Her play did not indicate her full power ex-
cept in the score, for her interference, while strong, was irregular,
but the steadir^ess and unyieldingness of her rush line made it impos-
sible for West Point to get through and break up the interference,
and hence Harvard progressed steadily, and in the end won by a
score of 28 to o. The former games of West Point and Harvard in
the early part of the season, at dates similar to this, had been much
closer.

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

PENNSYLVANIA-CHICAGO

This was a most interesting comparison of Eastern and Middle
Western foot ball. Chicago was the more versatile and tricky and
possessed in Herschberger by far the most able kicker seen in the
last two years, but Pennsylvania won out through better staying

qualities.

STANFORD-UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

The University of California overwhelmingly defeated Stanfora,
thus reversing the order that has been for several seasons established.

STANFORD UNIVERSITY vs. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA.

14 1891 , jr

10 1892 10

6 1893 6

6 1894 0

6 1895 6

20 1896 0

28 1897 0

0 1898 2S

NEW ENGLAND ASSOCIATION

The Championship of 1898 was won by Dartmouth. The Dart-
mouth — Williams game was the most interesting of the year, and re-
suited in a score of 10 to 6 in favor of Dartmouth. Heavy rushing
characterized the victory of the New Hampshire men.

BROWN-DARTMOUTH

The long discussed match between Brown and Dartmouth was
played on November 21, and although Dartmouth had no difficulty in
winning the championship in her association, she was unable to cope
with Brown and was defeated by a score of 12 to o.

MICHIGAN-CHICAGO

The University of Michigan and Chicago University played an ex-
ceedingly exciting match on Thanksgiving day, and Michigan suc-
ceeded in defeating Chicago by a margin of one point, the score
being 12 to 11.

C. W. DONOHOE,

Greensburg (Pa.) A. A.

R. EENEDICT, C. E. WILLIAMS,

Lniversity of Nebraska. Capt. University of Nebraska.

A. M. WADSWORTH,

Capf. Englewood (III.) High School.

J. A. KNIGHT, ' T. F. MANNS,

Capt. Gem City (Quincy 111.) D. C. Capt. North Dakota Agricultural Col.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. I37

NORTH CAROLINA- VIRGINIA

On November 24. the University of North Carolina defeated the
University of Virginia by a score of 6 to 2 in a hard fought game.

KNICKERBOCKER A. C— ORANGE A. C

The Knickerbocker Athletic Club and the Orange Athletic Club
played a match on Election day on Orange Oval, neither side being
able to score. On November 19, the same teams met again on Orange
Oval and the Knickerbocker Club won by a score of 12 to o.

KNICKERBOCKER A. C— CHICAGO A. C.

The Chicago Athletic Club and the Knickerbocker Athletic Club
played on Berkeley Oval on November 3, the Knickerbockers win-
ning by a score of ii to 10.

LAFAYETTE-LEHIGH

Lafayette defeated Lehigh in the final match of November 24, by a
score of ll to 5.

HARVARD FRESHMEN-PENNSYLVANIA FRESHMEN

The Harvard Freshmen defeated the University of Pennsylvania
Freshmen on November 5, by a score of 33 to 5.

HARVARD FRESHMEN— YALE FRESHMEN

The Harvard Freshmen defeated the Yale Freshmen on November
19, by a score of 6 to o.

ANDOVER— EXETER

Exeter and Andover played their final match on November 12.
Neither side was able to score, and the result was a tie.

NEW YORK INTERSCHOLASTIC

The Championship of the New York Interscholastic Athletic Asso-
ciation was won by Trinity School.

LONG ISLAND SCHOOL LEAGUE

The Championship of the Long Island Athletic League was won b^
qt. po-"«: Garden City School.

THE ART OF KICKING FOOT BALL

By Patrick J. O'Dea, University of Wisconsin.

IT is only Avithin the last few years
that the art of kicking the foot
ball has become such an im-
portant factor in American foot ball.
It has been demonstrated lately, both
in the East and West, what an ad-
vantage a team possesses in having a
good kicker. The aim of every team
must now be the development of a
kicker in order to keep pace with the
kicking game which is now an estab-
lished fact.

Many people have a mistaken idea
that a great amount of strength is re-
quired to kick successfully. This is not so; anyone who will take the
trouble to practice carefully can become quite proficient.

Two points to be carefully studied are the position of the hands
and feet. In kicking a punt the ball is held just in front of the
kicker as low down as possible with the lace portion on top. The
ends should point to and from the kicker. The end nearest the kicker
should be slightly higher tlian the end furthest away. The ball
should be held with the hands on each side about centre. The kicker
should stand with the right foot about a foot in advance of the left
foot if he is a right foot kicker, if he uses the left foot in kicking, the
positions will be reversed. When ready to kick the kicker takes one
step forward with the left foot, then allows the ball to drop naturally
from the hands (do not throw it). The right foot is then brought
forward with a swing from its position, so that the ball will be struck

139

Spalding's official foot ball guide. 141

by the x.^step. This will effect a straight punt. The beginner should
get this down well before trying to get a twist on his kicks. It is ad-
visable when kicking to get some object to kick towards, this will aid
him considerably in obtaining control of the ball.

In trying for a curve the ball should be dropped slightly on the left
of the instep if a curve to the right is desired, and vice-versa for a
curve to the left. (For a left-footed person the reverse will be the
case.)

In kicking a punt from behind the line care must be taken not to
out-kick the ends. To avoid this, distance must be sacrificed for
height. The kicker must practice with the ends running down the
field, so that his ends will be alongside their opponent when he is
attempting to catch the ball.

It may be urged by many that the step forward brings the kicker
one yard nearer the line; that is so, but he must allow for that by
getting further back to receive the ball. The object of the step for-
ward is to get a full swing at the ball, thereby getting the full weight
of the body into the kick.

In a drop-kick the position of the feet is the same as for a punt.
The ball, however, is held differently. It is held with one end point-
ing to the ground and the other to the kicker's head. The laced por-
tion is on the side opposite the kicker. The ball is held on the upper
portion between the centre and top end, with a hand on either side,
the top end being inclined slightly towards the body.

The kicker takes a step forward with the left foot and allows the
ball to drop from his hands, striking it with the toe of his kicking
foot immediately it touches the ground; great care must be exercised
so as to avoid throwing the ball to the ground, it must be let fall
naturally, otherwise it will come away from the ground so quickly
that it will be kicked with the*instep instead of the toe, which will
take considerable distance from the kick.

In receiving the ball from the centre rush, the kicker should stand
from 10 to 12 yards back of the line. This will give him ample time
to turn the ball into its proper position, which can be done while the
kicker is taking a step forward. The ball should be passed from tke
centre about the height of the kicker's waist. Never let the pass be
so low that the kicker has to stoop or step forward to receive it. A

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. I43

low pass is fatal. The kicker must stoop to receive it and has then
to straighten up before he can kick successfully, and is therefore in
danger of having his kick blocked. If, however, a low pass does
occur, as it will, it is a wiser plan for the kicker to take a step to the
side instead of forward and kick the ball sideways over the line in-
stead of from facing the line. It is well to practice kicking from a
position, receiving the ball in the correct position, then turn one's
side to the line and kick across the line. This will save many kicks
from being blocked. In practice, never continue kicking after one's
leg becomes tired.

RECORDS OF TEAMS

Amlierst, 0; Yale, 34.

2; Harvard, 53.
0; Wesleyan, 33.
12; Trinity, 0.

AMHERST.

Amherst, 0; Wesleyan, 28.

Technology, 6.
Dartmouth, G4c
Williams, G.

ANNAPOLIS.

Annapolis, 11; Bucknell, 0.
0; Princeton, 30.
" 16; Pennsylvania State, 11.

" 18; Lafayette, 0.

Annapolis, 52; Columhian, 5.
" G; Lehigh, G.

" 6; Virginia, 0.

" 2i; Virginia Institute, 5.

ALABAMA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE.
Nov. 5— A. P. I., 29 ; Ga. S. of T., 4. I * Nov. 24— A. P I., 18 ; Univ. of Ga., 0.
Nov. 14-A. P. I.,0; U. of N. C.,24. ------

Forfeited. Real score 18 to 17.

Brown, 19; Holy Cross, 0.
" 2G; Tufts, 6.

0; Pennsylvania, 18.
" 41; Colby, 0.

6; Yale, 22.

Beloit, 21; Whitewater Normal, 0.
" 12; Whitewater Normal, 0.
*' 11; Northwestern, 17.
♦' 0; Chicago, 21.

BROWN.

I Brown, 0; Princeton, 23.
" IG; Newtowne, 5.
" G; Harvard, 17.
" 12; Dartmouth, 0.

BELOIT.

Beloit, 0; Wisconsin, 17.
" 18; Rush Medical, 0.
" 0; Dixon, 0.
•' 0; Michigan, 22.

BIRMINGHAM A. C.
Msr. 3— B. A. C, 18; Nashville, 7. | Mar. 17-B. A. C, G; Nashville, 8.

Mar. 10-

12; Chattanooga, 14.

13; Chattanooga, 7.

BORDENTOWN MILITARY INSTITUTE.

Oct. 15— B. M. I., 23; Rutgers Prep., 0.
Oct. 22— " 11; St. Luke's, 0.
Oct. 29— " 5; Peddie Inst. 5.

Nov. 5— B. M. I., 12; Ronda, 5.
Nov. 19— " 0; St. Luke's, 0.

BUCKNELL.

Sept. 24— Bucknell, 6; Wyoming, 0.
0; Bradford, 0.
0; Navies, 11.
6; U. of Md.,0.
34; Swarthmore, 18.
0; Lehigh, 0.

Oct.

1—

Oct.

8—

Oct.

15—

Oct.

22—

Oct.

29—

Nov. 5— Bucknell, 0; State, 16.
Nov. 8— " G; M. A. C, 5.

Nov. 12— " 11; F. & M., 11.
Nov. 19— " 0; Lafayette, 6.

Nov. 24— " 5; Buffalo, 36.

145

146

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

BUTTE BUSINESS COLLEGE.
Sept. 10— Butte B. C, G; Butte, 6. I Nov. 24— Butte B. C, 5; Helena, 0.

Oct. i.»9— " 5; Anaconda, 20. j

CARLISLE INDIANS.

le, 43; Bloomsburg, 0.
48; Susquehanna, 0.

(S; Cornell, 23.
17; Williams, 6.

5; Yale, 18.

Carlisle, 5; Harvard, 11.
" 46; Dickinson, 0.
" 5; Pennsylvania, 35.

11; Illinois, 0.
" 40; Harrisburg, 0.

CASE SCHOOL.
Oct. 15— Case, 16; Kenyon, 0. I Nov. .5-Casc, 23; Ohio State, 5,

Oct. 10- " 6; Michigan, 22. Nov. 12— " 0; Oberlin, 33.

Oct. 22— " 0; Syracuse, 10. | Nov. 24— " 0; W, R. U., 29.

CENTRALS, DAYTON, OHIO.

Centrals, 6; Troy High School, 0.
" 11; Miami University.
" 21; Miami Military Inst., 0.

Centrals, 28; Troy High School, 0.
" 43; Miami Military Inst.,

CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL.

Oct. 5— C. H. S., 26; Bolton A. C, 0.
Oct. 15 - " 6; Baldwin Univ., 16.

Oct. 22— " 11; Bedford A. C, 0.
Oct. 2<)— " 17; West H. S.,0.

Nov. ij- C. H. S., 0; Hudson Ac, 22.
Nov. 12— " 18; Painesville, 0.
Nov. 19— " 0; University S., 12.

CHATTANOOGA A. C.
Feb. 24— C. A. A., 6; Nashville, 12. I Mar. 24— C. A. A., 7; Birmingham, 13.

Mar. 10— " 14; Birmingham, 12. | Apr. 8— " 10; Nashville, 12.

Oct. 1— C. A
Oct. 8-
Oct. 10—
Oct. 22—
Oct. 29—

CHICAGO ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION.

A., 10; Manual T., 0.
79; St. Charles, 0.
11; Com'l A. C, 10.
0; Harvard, 3S.
8; Newtowne, 0.

Nov. 2— C. A. A., 10; K. A. C, 11.

Nov. .5— " 0; Yale, 10.

Nov. 12— " 5; All Star, 5.

Nov. 24 — " 18; Dartmouth, 5.

CLINTON LIBERAL INSTITUTE.

Oct. 6— C. L. I., 0; Canajoharie, 0.
Oct. 15— " 0; Utica Free Ac, 16.
Oct. 19— " 6; Canajoharie, 0.
Oct. 22 — " 5; Canajoharie, 0.

Oct. 24— C. L. I., 28; Fairfield M. A., 0.
Nov. 5— " 17; Ilion High S.,0.
Nov. 12— •' 53; Fairfield M. A., 0.
Nov. 16— " 6; Utica Free Ac, 6.

CLEMSON COLLEGE.
8 ; Univ. of Ga., 20. | Nov. 17-C. C, 24 ; S. C. College, 0.

Oct. 8— C. C

( )ct. 20— C. C, 55 ; Bingham School, 0.

Nov. 24— C. C.

Ga. S. of T.,0.

COMMERCIAL A. C, SOUTH BEND, IND.

Nov. 8— C. A. C, 23; Indianapolis, 5,
Nov. 15— " 24; White Pigeon, 0.
Nov. 24— " 0; Phy. & Surg.,0.

Oct. 1-C. A. C, 15; Detroit A. C, 0.
Oct. 6— " .55; Bennett Col., 6.
Oct. 10— " 15; Chicago A. A., 11
Oct. 29— " 0; Indianapolis, 0.

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

147

COMPANY "C," SIXTEENTH REGIMENT, N. G. PENNA.

Sept. 25 — Co.
Oct. 1—
Oct. 8-
Oct. L5-
Oct. 22-
Oct. 29-

' 34; Kane, 0.
0; Hucknell CoL, 0.

24; Thiel College, 0.
0; PittsbVA.C.,2:i
0; U of Buffalo, 2:1

66; Lockport, 0.

Nov. Tv-Co. " C," 44; Kancaslei , 0.
Nov 8 — " 28; Jamestown, 0.

Nov. 12— " 0; U. of Buffalo, 28

Nov. 17— " 24; Erie A. C, 0.

Nov. 24— " 22; Elmira A. C.,0.

Cornell, 28; Syracuse, 0.
" 29; Colgate, 5.
" 41; Hamilton, 0.
" 47; Trinity, 0.
" 30; Syracuse, 0.
" 23; Indians, (i.

CORNELL.

Cornel

,27; Buffalo, 0.

0; Princeton, 6.

0; Oberlin, 0.
12; Williams, 0.
47; Lafayette, 0.

6; Pennsylvania, 12.

CORNELL COLLEGE (IOWA).
Cornell, 0; I. S. N. S., 40. I Cornell, 6; Western College, 0.

" 6; Upper Iowa University, 12. "' 8; Coe College, 0.

" 12; Western College, 16. | " 5; Dixon Normal, 23.

CROWN POINT ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION.

Oct. 1— C. P. A., 22; Englewood A., 0.
Oct. 15— " 26; Plymouth, 0.
Oct. 22 — " 16; Rensselaer, 6.
Oct. 29— " 16; So. End Ath., 0.

Nov. 5— C. P. A., 34; N. U. D. C.,5.
Nov. 12— " 36; Indiana N. S.,0.
Nov. 19— " 26; C. P. H. S., 0.
Nov. 25— " 18; Cornell A. C, 5.

CVLVER MILITARY ACADEMY.

C. M. A., 12; Lewis Institute, 11.
43; Wabash College, 0.
11; Hyde Park H. S.,0.

C. M. A., 28; Plymouth A. C, 0.
35; Ft. Wayne H. S.,0.
" 5; DePauw Univ., 5.

0, P. & S. (Chicago), 5.

GUSHING ACADEMY.

Gushing, 22; Worcester High, 0. . Gushing, 50; Leominister High,0.

43; Murdock School, 0. j " 6; Vermont Head, 5.

•' 38; Murdock School, 5. " 0; Vermont Head, 0.

0; St. Mark's School, 16. j " 42; Holy Cross Scrub, 0.

DARTMOUTH.

Dartmouth, 23; Exeter, 5.

" 0; Harvard, 21.

' 35; Bowdoin, 6.

" 45; Univ. of Vermont, 6.

5; Wesleyan, 23.

Dartmouth, 61; Amherst, 5.
10; Williams, 6.
" 0; Brown, 12.

5; Chicago A. A., 18.
" 12; Univ. of Cincinnati, I'l

DAVENPORT (lA.), HIGH SCHOOL.

Oct. S-D. H. S., 6; Moline H. S., 0.
Oct. 15— " 32; Cieneseo H. S., 0.
Oct. 22— " 17; Iowa City H. S., 6.
Nov. 5— " 106; Muscatine H. S.,0.

Nov. 12— D. H. S., 0; Cedar Rapids, 0.
Nov. 19— " 66; Muscatine H. S.,0
Nov. 24— " 12; Grinnell H. S., 0

DENISON UNIVERSITY.
Oct. 1— Denison, 5; Newark, 0. I Oct. 29— Denison, 0; Kenyon, 48.

Oct. 8— " 0; Muskingum, 6. I Nov. 5— " 0; Otterbein, 16.

Oct. 15— " 0; Ohio State, 34.

148

Spalding's official foot ball guide.

DRAKE UNIVERSITY.
Oct. '^— Drake, 10; Grinnell, 12. I Oct. 29— Drake, 16; Iowa State Col. , 17.

Oct.
Oct.

Duqut

E. H.

IS: State Univ. Iowa, 5.
34; Monmouth Col., 0.

Nov. 12-
Nov. 24—

0; Nebraska S. U., 5.
18; Grinnell, 16.

DUQUESNE COUNTRY AND ATHLETIC CLUB.

.-,46; Maryland A. C, 0.

45; Knickerbocker A. C, 0.

16; Pittsburg College, 0.

IS; State College, 5.

68; Braddock, 0.

6S; Geneva College, 0.

34; Pittsburg A. C, 0.

Duquesne, 0; Greensburgh A. C, 0.
17; Latrobe A. C, 0.
" 11; Wash'ton & Jefferson, 0.

27; Pittsburg A. C, 0.

( All Stars from Western

17;

'/ Pennsylvania, 0.

EAST DES MOINES HIGH SCHOOL.

0; Drake first team, 0.
25; Highland Park College, 0.
17; Redfield, 6.

0; Des Moines College, 0.
16; Drake second team, 0.
12; Des Moines College, 0.

E. H. S., 38; Highland Park, 0.
6; Ames, 21.
" 24; Fiftieth Iowa, 15
6;W. H. S.,0.
28; Red Oak, 6.

ELMIRA ACADEMY.

Elmira Academy, 18; I. H. S., 5.
6; Waverly, 0.
17; Starkey, 0.
32; E. H.,0.

Elmira Academy, 16; Tonawanda, 11.
19; Waverly, 0.

" 6; Syracuse, 8.

FORT SCOTT.

Ft. Scott, 6; Univ. Medical College, 5.
•' 17; Ottawa University, 6.
" 32; Kansas Normal College, 0.
" 0; Ottawa University, 22.

Ft. Scott, 6; K. C. Mo. H. S., 5.

40: Warrensburg S. N., 0.
" 36; Arkansas State, 6.
" 28; Kansas Normal College, 0.

FRANKLIN AND MARSHALL.

Sept. 27-F. & M.,0; U. of Pa., 41.
Oct. 1- " 5; P.R.R.Y.M.C.A.,0.
Oct. 8— " 0; Princeton, 58.
Oct 15— " 26; Gettysburg, 0.
Oct. 25 — " 6; Susquehanna U., 0,

Oct. 29— F. & M., 0; Dickinson, 22.
Nov. 5 — " 6; Swarthmore, 11.
Nov. 12— " 11; Bucknell, 11.
Nov. 16— " 10; Ursinus, 10.
Nov. 24— " 11; Haverford, 0.

GEM CITY BUSINESS COLLEGE.

Oct. 8-G.C.B.C., 10; Quincy H. S., 6.
Oct. 15 — " 34; LaGrange, 0.

Oct. 22— •' 52; Hannibal, 0.

Oct. 29— " 17; Hannibal, 0.

Nov. 5-
Nov. 12-
Nov. 24-

-G.C.B.C.,33; LaGrange, 0.
23; Kirksville, 11.
" 6; Kirksville, 0.

GEORGETOWN.

Georgetown, 5; Swarthmore, 12.
12, Gallaudet, 0.
40; Col Phy. & Sur., 0.
" 11; Univ. of Virginia, 0.

36; Bah. Med. College, 0

Georgetown, 26; Orientals, 0.
" 23; Orients, 0.

8; Little Rocks, 2.
17; Western H. S.,0.
" 27; Gonzaga Col. Res., 0.

47; TprentQ Ath . Club, 0

Georgetown, 12; Villanova, 0.
" 0; Virginia, 12.

12; V. M. I., 5.
5; Gallaudet, 17.
" 12; Columbian Univ., 5.

GEORGETOWN PREPARATORY.

Georgetown, 22; Westminsters, 0.

30; Central H. S. Res., 6o
37; Torento Ath. Club, 0.
" 36; Duponts, 0.

" 22; Lafayette, 0.

" 45; Kenesaws, 2.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

149

GRINNKLL.
Oct. 1— Grinnell, 1^; W.Des Moines, 0. I Oct. 22— Grinnell, 17; Monmouth, 0.
Oct. 8— " 12; Drake Univ., 10. Nov. 12— " 5; S. U. of la., 5.

Oct. 15— " IG; Univ. of Minn., G. | Nov. 25— " IG; Drake Univ., 18.

Hamilton, 0; Cornell, 41.
" G; Colgate, G.

24; Hobart, 0.
17; Utica Free Academy, 0.

HAMILTON.

Hamilton, 47; Univ. of Rochester, 0,
17; Union, 10.
" 5; Trinity, 18.

" 5; Colijaie, 0.

HAMPDEN-.SIDNKY.
H.-S., IS; Randolph-Macon College, 0. I H.-S., 42; Roanoke College, 5.
" G; Richmond College, G. 1

HARVARD.

Oct.

1-H

irvard

, n

Williams, 0.

Oct. 22-Harvard

, 39; Chicago, 0.

Oct.

5—

28;

Kowdoin, 6.

Oct. 2'J—

11; Indians, 5.

Oct.

8—

21;

Dartmouth, 0.

Nov. 5--

10; Perinsvlvania, 0.

Oct.

12—

53;

Amherst, 2.

Nov. 12-

17; I'.rown, G.

Oct.

15—

28;

West Point, 0.

Nuv. 19—

17; Yale, 0.

Oct.

19—

22'

Nevvtowne, 0.

HOLY CROSS
Holy Cross, 23; Amherst Aggies, 0.
0; Brown, 19. ^
G; Gardner A. C , 0.
0; Wesleyan, 12.
" 4G; Worcester Poly., G.

Holy Cross, 0; Andover, 6.
12; Tufts, 0.
" 0; P.oston College, 0.

" 17; Univ. of Vermont, 5

0; Boston College, II.

HOWARD PARK

Sept. 24— Howard, G; White Pigeon, 0.
Oct. 2— " 31; Mishawaka, 0.
Oct. 23— " 28; Sheffield A. C.,0
Oct. 30— " 14; Do>> Jgiac, 0.

Nov. 6 — Howard, 11; Wishawaka, 0.

Nov. 13— '• 11; Highland, U.

Nov. 20— " 29; Co. F, 157th R.,0.

Nov. 24— " 11; Howe M. A., 5.

HUDSON RIVER INSTITUTE.

Oct. 1— H. R. I., 41; Chatham H.S.,0. j Oct. 29- H. R. I., 62; Kingston F.C.,0.

Oct. 8— " 11; St. Stephen's, 5. Nov. 8— " 35; Chatham H.S., 0.

Oct. i:

IG; Chatham H. S., 0. Nov. 12-

R. M. A.,0.

IOWA STATE COLLEGE.

I. S. C, 11; Univ. of Nebraska, 23. I I. S. C, G; Univ. of Minn., 0.

10; Rush Medical, 0. '• 17; Drake Univ., IG.

" G; Univ. of Kansas, 11. |

JAMESTOWN (N. Y.), HIGH SCHOOL.

J. H. S., 71; Fredonia Normal, 0. I J. H. S. ,59; Bradford H. S., 0.

23; Thiel Colletje, 0. " 44, Sugar Grove Seminary, 0.

32; Allegheny College, 0. " 34; Alfred University, 0.

37; Titusville H. S.,\). | " 22; Co. "E,"G5th N. Y. V. I.,0

50; Buffalo H. S., 0. I

Johnstown, G9; Canajoharie, 0.
7; Belmont A. C, 0.
28; Continental A. C, 0.
" IG; Union College, 2d, 0.

JOHNSTOWN Y. M. C. A
Johnstown

, 2; Amsterdam, 0.
0; Amsterdam, 0.
10; Natlaaal, A. C.,0.

I50

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

KALAMAZOO COLLEGE.

Oct. 34— Kalamazoo, 17; Olivet, 0,
Nov. 5— " 11; Albion, 0.

Nov. 12— " 23; Albion, 0.

Nov. 19— Kalamazoo, 24; Olivet, 5.
Nov. 28— " 17; Mich.Agri.,0,

KENYON COLLEGE.
Oct. 8— Kenyon, 0; Michigan, 29. | Nov. 12— Kenyon, 29; Ohio State, G.

Oct. 15-
Oct. 29-

0; Case, IG.
48; Denison, 0.

Nov. 19—
Nov. 24-

6; W. R. U., 11.
24; Wittenberg, 0.

KISKIMENETAS SPRINGS (PA.) SCHOOL.
Kiski, G; Eklersridge, 0. I Kiski, 11; Pittsburg H. S., G.

(J; Greensburg H. S., 5. | " 0; Pittsburg H. S., 11.

17; GreensburgH. S.,0. I " 11; Shady Side, 10.

0; Shady Side, 11. | " 0; Apollo, 17.

KNICKERBOCKER A. C.

Oct.

15-

Oct.

22-

Oct.

29-

Sept

Oct.

15-

Oct.

18-

— K. A

C, 40; Rutherford, 0.
5G; Seton Hall, 0.
0; Duquesne, 45. ,
27; Riverside, 0.
51; Fordham Col., 0.

Nov. 2— K. A. C, 11; Chicago, 10.
Nov. 5— " 21; Newark A. C, 7
Nov. 8— " 0; Orange A C, 0.

Nov. 19— " 12; Orange A. C, 0.

KNOX COLLEGE.

-Knox, 0; Chicago 22.

" 0; Univ. of Iowa, 0.
'^ G; Eureka, 0.
" 10; Monmouth, 5.
" 11; Streator, 0.

Oct. 29-
Nov. 5-
Nov. 12-
Nov. 24-

-Knox, 5; Monmouth, 0.
" 18; Eureka, 0.

- " 32; Bradley, 0.

- " 18; Belolt, 0.

Lafayette, 0; Wash, and Jefferson, 16.
" 0; [Pennsylvania State, 5.

0; Princeton, 34.
" 0; Pennsylvania, 40.

" G; Dickinson, 12.

LAFAYETTE.

Lafayette, 0; Annapolis, 18.
0; Lehigh, 23.
0; Cornell, .59.
6; Bucknell, 0.
" 11; Lehigh, 5.

LANCASTER, N. Y.

Lancaster, G; MaslinP'k High School, 6.
" 5; Lockport A. C, 5.

" 32: Co. " E," Jamestown, 0.
28; Dunkirk, 0.

Lancaster, 0; Co. " C," Bradford, 40.
" 0; Niagara, G.

0; Co. " G," Tonawanda, 41,

LEHIGH.

Lehi

gh, 0; Princeton, 21.

0; N. Y. University, 10.
0; Pennsylvania, 40.
0: West Point, 18.
12; Rutgers, 0.

Lehigh, 23;
6;
5;
5;

Lafayette, 0.
Annapolis, 6.
Maryland, 0.
Lafayette, 11.

MARIETTA COLLEGE.

Sept
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.

. 24 -Marietta, 0; W. & J., 23.
8— " 0; Oberlin, 6.
15- " 5; m Virg., 6.
22— '• 10; Ohio State 0.

Oct. 29— M
Nov. 5-
Nov. 19—

arietta, 0; W. Virg.

5; O. M. U

" 17; Musk'm,

,6.
,0.
12.

NASHVILLE A. C.
Feb. 24— N. A. C, 12; Chattanooga, 6. I Mar. 17— N. A, C, 8; Birmingham, 5.
Mar. 3— '* 7; Birmingham, 18. I Apr. 8- " 12; Chattanooga, 10.

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

151

NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAI. COLLEGE.
N. D. A. C, 0; West Superior. ^25. \ N D. A. C, 0; N. Dakota Univ.. 39.

^>4; St. Paul, 0. |

NORTH HIGH SCHOOL, COLUMBUS, OHIO.

Oct. 8— North, 0; Kenyon Md. A., 16.
Oct. 15— " 33; East High, 0.
Oct. 22— " 17; Central High, 16.
Oct. 29- " 22; Chillicothe H. S.,6.

Nov. 5 — North, 5; Eastwood A. C, 5.
Nov. 12— " 12; Ohio S. U. (2d), 0.
Nov. 24— " 0; Chillicothe H.S.,U.

NORTHWESTERN MILITARY ACADEMY

Oct. 3— N. M. A., 26; Lake Forest, 0.
Oct. 7 — " 0: Lake Forest, 4.

Oct. 14— " 8; Waukesan, 4.

Oct. 16— " 16; North Shore, 0.

Oct. 24— " 22; Kenosha Ath.,0.

Oct. 31-N. M. A.. 0; N.A.Evanston,12
Nov. 18— " 108; H. P. H. S., U.
Nov. 21— " 26; North Shore, 0.
N< /. 24— " 18- 4th Battery, 0.

Oct. 1-
Oct. 8-
Oct. 15-
Oct. 22-

Oct. 1-
Oct. 22-

Oct. 1-
Oct. 15-
Oct. 22-

OBERLIN COLLEGE
-Oberlin, 29; B'ldwin-Wal'ce, 0.

" 6; Marietta, 0.

- " 48; Ohio Wesleyan, 0.

" 5; Cincinnati, U.

Oct. 29— Oberlin, 0; Cornell, 6.
Nov. 5 — " 11 ; West. Reserve, 0.
Nov. 12— " 33; Case, 0.
Nov. 24— " 10; Purdue, 0.

OHIO UNIVERSITY.
-Ohio, 0; Cincinnati, 12. I Nov. 12— Ohio, 0; O. M. U., 12.

11; McKinley club, 5. | Nov. 15-

OHIO WESLEYAN.

0; W. Virginia, 16.

-O. W. U., 6; Wittenberg, 5.
0; Oberlin. 48.
0; W. R. U., 29.

Oct. 29-
Nov. 12-
Nov. 24-

-0. W. U., 5; O. M. U., 11.

" 0; Cincinnati, 57.

0; Ohio State, 24.

OLYMPIC A. C.

Oct. 1— Olympic, 0; Univ. of Cal., 17.
Oct. 8— " 0; Stanford, 11.

Oct. 15— " 0; Univ. of Cal., 16.

Oct. 22— Olympic, 0; Stanford, 5.
Nov. 5 — " 6; Stanford, 6.
Nov. 12— " 5; Univ. of Cal., 5.

OTTAWA (KAN.), UNIVERSITY.

Nov. 24—0. U., 12; Washburn Col., 12.
Nov. 26— " 0; Glasco A. A.. 11.
Nov. 28— " 17; State Agri. Col. 0.

Oct. 17—0. U., 0; Ft. Scott, 17.
Oct. 29— " 42; K. C. Lawyers, 0.
Nov. 3— " 22; Ft. Scott, 0.
Nov. 16— " 6; K. C. Medics, 29.

OTTERBEIN.

Oct. 29— Otterbein, 0; Wittenberg, 10. | Nov. 12— Otterbein, 0; AIcKinley, 11.

Nov. 5

16; Denison, 0.

Nov. 15-

0; O. M. U.,11.

OHIO MEDICAL UNIVERSITY.

Sept

so-

Oct.

15-

Oct.

29-

Nov

Oct.

15-

Oct.

20.

Oct.

29-

Nov. 15-
Nov. 19-
Nov. 24-

-0. M. U., 10; Wittenberg, 0.
10; Ohio State, 0.
6; Wash. & Jeff., 0,
11; O. W'sl'y'n, 5.
" 0; Marietta, 5.

OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY.
-Ohio State, 17; Heidelberg, 0
0; Ohio Med., 10
" 34; Denison, 0.

" 0; Marietta, 10.

0; West. Res., 49.

Nov. 12—0. M. U., 12; Ohio Univ.,0.

11; Otterbein, 0.
11; Ohio State, 0.
12; McKinley, 6.

Nov. .5— Ohio Stale, 5; Case, 23.
Nov. 12— " 0; Kenyon, 29.

Nov. 19— " 0; Ohio Med., 11.

Nov. 24— " 24; O. Wesleyan, 0.

152

Spalding's official foot ball guide.

PANORA ATHLETICS.
Panora Athletics, 0; Ames, 0. I Panora Athletics, 29; Sioux City, 0

State, 4^

311; Iowa Cit3% 0.

PENNSYLVANIA STATE.

State, 0; Princeton, 5.
" 5; Duquesne, 18.
" 16; Bucknell, 0.

Gettysburg, 0.
Lafayette, 0.
Pennsylvania, 40.
Susquehanna, 6.
Annapolis, 10.

11; Washington-Jefferson, 6.
34; Dickinson, 0.

PITTSBURG COLLEGE OF THE HOLY GHOST.
Pittsl)urg College, 23; Geneva, 5. I Pittsburg College, 0; Duquesne, 16.

0; P. A. C, 0.

0; Latrobe, 17.

0; Greensburg, 11.
11; Wheeling A. C.,0.

PORTLAND (ME.), ATHLETIC CLUB

Oct. 24-
Oct. 29-
Nov. 2-

-P. A. C

,.5; Portsmouth, 0.
5; Worcester A. C, 0.
C; Colby Varsity, 0.

Nov. 5— P. A. C, 27; Somersworth, 0.
Nov. 12— " 0; Newtowne. U.

Nov. 24— " 0; Bowdoin Var.,0.

Prin

PRINCETON

eton, 21; Lehigh, 0.
43; Stevens, 0.

.58; Franklin and Marshall, 0.
34; Lafayette, 0.
30; Annapolis, 0.
G; Cornell, 0.

Princeton, 24; Maryland A. C.,0.
" 5; Pennsylvania State, 0.

23; Brown, 0.
" 12; Virginia, 0.

" .5; West Point, 5.

G; Yale, 0.

PURDUE UNIVERSITY.

Oct. 8— Purdue, 0; Alumni, 6.

Oct. 18— " 5; Haskell Indians, 0.

Oct. 22— " 16; Haskell Indians, 0.

Nov. .5 — Purdue. 0; Chicago, 17.
Nov. 12— " 14; Indian Univ., 0.
Nov. 24— " 0; Oberlin, 10.

REYNOLDS BUSINESS SCHOOL, AMSTERDAM, N. Y.

Oct 1— R. B. S., .5; Albany H. S., 0.
Oct. 8— " 12; Canajoharie, 5.
Oct. 15 — " 11; Schenectady, 0.
Oct. 22— " 0; Cohoes Conti., 0.

Oct. 29— R. B, S.
Nov 8—
Nov. 12—
Nov. 18—

11; Union Col. 2d, 0.
6; Union Col. 2d, 0.
5; Johnstown, 2.
0; Johnstown, 0.

RICHMOND COLLEGE.

R. C, 15; Randolph-Macon, 0.
" 6; Hampden-Sidney, 6.
" 0; V. M. I., 1(5.

0; Washington & Lee Univ., 6.

RUTGERS UNIVERSITY
Sept. 28— Rutgers, 0; Lehigh, 12.
Oct. 8— " 0; Swarthmore, 6.
Oct. 15— " 11; N. Y. Univ., 5.
Oct. 22— " 0; Haverford, 0.

R. C, 11; Washington & Lee Univ., 0.
" 15; William & Mary, 0.
" 0; Newport News, 11.

Oct. 29— Rutgers, 0; Union, 17.
Nov. .5— " 0; Stevens, 5.
Nov. 12— " 0; Wesleyan, 59.

SCHOOL OF MINES, COLORADO.

Oct. 8-S. of M., 41; E. Denver H.S.,0.
Oct. 15— " 29; Wyoming U.,0.
Oct. 22— " 59; Littleton A. C, 0.
Oct. 29— " 5; Denver A. C, 2.

Nov. 5— " 50; Wyoming U.,0.

Nov. 8— S. of M., 33; Denver Univ., 0.
Nov. 12— •' 12, Colo. State U., 0.
Nov. 19— " 12; Denver W. C.,0.
Nov. 25— •' 6; Colorado Coll., 2.

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOUT BALL C.UIDK

153

SETON HALL COLLEGE.

Oct. I-Seton, 18; Nutley A. C, 0. I Oct. 27— Setou, L2; Alumni, 0.

Oct. 8— " 0; Knickerbocker, 5L Nov. 1 — " 0; St. lohn's Col., 0.

Oct.22- " 34; Crescent F. C, 0. | Nov. ly— " l"^'; N. j. State S., 10.

SIMPSON COLLEGE.

Simpson, 28; Highland Park, 0. I Simpson, 24; Knoxville A. C, 0.

83; Highland Park, 0. " 0; Stale Univ. of Iowa, l.\

0; Penn College, 5. | " 0; Penn College, 32.

STANFORD

Sept. 30— Stanford, 21; 1st Wash. Vol., 0. I Nov,

Oct. 8-
Oct. 22-

11; Olympic, 0.
5; Olympic, 0.

5 — Stanford, (J; Olympic, (i.
Nov. 25— •• 0; Univ. of Cal., 2:J

Oct. 1— S. U. I., 0; Knox, 0.

Oct. 8- " U; Chicago Univ., 39.

Get 12— " 10; Alumni, 0.

Oct. 15— " 5; Drake Univ., 18.

Oct. 22— " 11; Rush Med. Sch., 15,

STATE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA.

Oct. 29- -S. U. I., 23; Upper la. Uni.,5
Nov. 5— " 5; State Nor. la., 11.

Nov. 12— " 5; Grinnell Col., 5.

Nov. 19 — " 12; Simpson Col., 0.
Nov. 24— " 0; Nebraska Uni., 5.

STATE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO.

, Oct. 8 -U. of C. 41; N. D. H. S., 0.
1,0. ^ - " 42; E. D. H. S., 0.

0; Col. Coll., 22.

5; D. A. C, 11.

Nov. 8— U. of C, 29; D. W. C, 0.
Nov. 12— '' 0; S. S M., 12.

Nov. 17— " 10; U. of Neb., 2-3.
Nov. 24— " 23; D. A. C, 5.

i,0,
6.

ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, ANNAPOLIS, MD.

-St. John's, 21; Phy. & Sur., 0.
" 0; Delaware., 0.

0; Haverford, 52.
11; Western, Md.,6.

Oct. 29— St. John's, 5; Gallaudet, 0.
Nov. 12— " «; Md.Agri.Col.,0

Nov. 12— " 21; P>alt. Md.Col.,2

Nov. 19— " 6; Johns Hopk.,0

rn. ■•>■
,23.
v.,0.
'is.,0
;h.,l'i

ST. LAWRENCE UNIVERSITY.

Nov. 2— St. L. U., 0; Watertown, 11.
Nov. 5— " 12; ClarksonS. T.,0.
Nov. 12— " 6; Watertown, 0.

Nov. 24— " 0; Watertown, 12.

-St. L. U., 18; Canton, 0.

G; Potsdam S.N., 0.
" (5; Gouverneur, 0.

42; ClarksonS. T., 0.

ST. MARYS,
ys, 0; Haskell Indians, 5. | St. Marys, 11; Kansas University, 0.

11; Emporia College, 0.

67; Kansas City Medics, 0.

SWARTHMORE COLLEGE.

^— Swarthmore, 6; Alumni, 0.
li, 0. [ - " 22; Delaware, 0.

v.,0. 3— " 6; Rutgers, 0.

111. i> i — " 11; Georgetown, 6.

, 13. ' )— " 29; Ursinus, 0.

I >— " 18; Bucknell, 34.

Nov. 2— Swarthmore, 22; P. M. C, 0.
Nov. 5— " 10; F. & M., 6.

Nov. 9 — " 0; Delaware, 0.

Nov. 12 — " 22; Columbian, 6.

Nov. 19— " 0; Haverford, 12.

154

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY.

Sept. 21— Syracuse, 0; Cornell, 28.

17; Ogdensburgh, 6.
36; Rijchester, 0.

0; Cornell, 30.
47; Hobart, 5.
28; Syracuse A. A.,0.

Sept

28—

Oct.

5—

Oct.

12- '

Oct.

19—

Oct. 22— Syracuse, 10; Case, 0.
Oct. 29— " 17; New York, 0.

Nov. 5— " 11; Wyomino;, 0.

Nov. 9— " 28; SyracuseA.A.,0.

Nov. 12— " 0; Trinity, 0.

Trinity, 0; Cornell, 47.

0; Technology, 0.

" 17; Worcester, 0.

" 0; Amherst, 12.

" 0; Yale, 18.

TRINITY.

Trinity, 0; \Villiams, 24.
0; Wesleyan, 30.
" 0; Syracuse, 0.
" 18; Hamilton, 5.

Dec. 12— T. U., 14; Uni

TULANE UNIVERSITY,
of Miss., 9. I Dec. 17— T. U., 0 ; La. State Univ., 3?

UNION COLLEGE.

Oct.

Oct

Oct.

12-

Oct.

15-

Oct.

22-

Oct.

15-

Oct.

19-

-Union, 4.i; St. Stephen's, 0. '
" 12; Laureate, 0.

- " (i; Williams, 0.

" 11; Stephen's Inst., 0.

- " 22; Rensselaer P. I,, 0.

Oct. 29— Union, 17; Rutgsrs, 0.
Nov. 5— " 10; Hamilton, 17.
Nov. 12— " 11; Colgate, 0.
Nov. 17— " 21; Hobart, 6.

URSINUS COLLEGE.

-Ursinus, 50; N.Y.M.C.A., 0.
6; Lebanon V.C, 0.
31; N. H. S.,0.
40; D.&D.I.Mt.A.,6.
" 0; Swarthmore, 29.

Oct. 26— Ursinus, 25; Lebanon V. C, 0
Oct. 29— " 46; Delaware Col., 0.
Nov. 5 — " 6; Haverforr' ' ' '"

Nov. 16— " 10; K. & M.,

UNIVERSITY OF BUFFALO.

Oct. 1— U. of B., 29; Tonawanda, 0.
Oct. 8— " 'i2\ Rensselaer P.I., 5.
Oct. 15— " 0; Cornell Univ., 27.

Oct. 22— " 23; Co. " C," 0.
Oct. 29— " 29; Case Sci. S., 0.

Nov. 8— U. of B., 23; Colgate '
Nov. 12— " 28; Co. "C,'
Nov. 19— " 34; Cornell I
Nov. 24— •' 36; Bucknell

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA.
Oct. 1— U. of C, 17; Olympic, 0. I Nov. 12— U. of C, 5; Olympic,

Oct. 8— *' 5; Army & Navv, 0. Nov. 25— " 22; Stanford,

Oct. 15— " 16; Olympic, 0. ' I

UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO.

Sept. 24— Chic
Sept. 28-
Oct. 1 —
Oct. 5—
Oct. 8—
Oct. 15—

ago, 22; Knox College, 0.
8; Rush Med.,0.
24; Monmouth, 0.
22; C. of P. & S.. 0.
38; Iowa St. Univ., 0.
21; Beloit College, 0.

Oct. 22— Chicago, 34; Northwe
Oct. 29— " 11; Univ. of
Nov. 5— " 17; Purdue I
Nov. 12— " 6; Univ. of

Nov. 24— " 11; Univ.of]\

UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI.

U. of C, 12; Ohio University, 0.
" 22; Miami University, 0.
" 12; Vanderbilt University, 0.
" 0; Olierlin College, 5.

'• 0; Indiana University, 0.

U. of C, 12; Univ. of Cin. Alur

57; Ohio Wesleyan Ui

" 11; Indiana Universitj,

" 17; Dartmouth College

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

155

UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA.
Oct. 8— Georgia, aO; Clemson, 8. I Oct. 29— Georsxia, 4; Vanderbilt U., G.

Oct. 15— '• 14; Atlanta A. C, 0. I Nov. 12— " 0; Univ. N. C., 44.

Oct. 22— " 15; Ga. S. Tech.,0. | Nov. 24— " 17; Ala. Poly. In., 18.

UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE.

Sept. 24— U. M. C, 5; Ft. Scott, 6.
Sept. 28— " 36; St. Jos. Medics, 0.
Oct. 1— " 17; Jewell CoL, 0.
Oct. 5 — " 0; Kansas Univ., 6.

Oct. 8— " 15; Missouri Uni.,0.
Oct. 17 — " 5; Missouri Uni., 15.

Oct. 29— U. M. C.,40; Haskell lnd.,0.
Nov. 2— " 23; K. C. H S.,0.

Nov. 7- " 24; Nebraska U., 0.

Nov. 12 — Game forfeited to Kansas U.
Nov. 10— U. M. C, 29; Ottawa Col., G.

UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN.

Oct. 1— Michigan, 21; Ypsilanti, 0.

29; Kenyon Col.. 0.
39; Mich. Agri., 0.
18; Western Res.. 0.
23; Case Sci. S , 5.
23; Notre Dame, 0.

Oct

12—

Oct

1.5-

Oct

19—

Oct

21—

Oct. 29— Michigan, 11; Alumni, 2.
Nov. 5 — " 0; N'western,5.

Nov. 12— " 12; U. of 111.. 5.

Nov. 10- " 2i; Heloit Coi.,0.

Nov. 24— " 12; Chicago U., 11.

UNIVERSITY OF.MISSOURI.

U. of M., 0; Wentworth,0.

0; K. C. Medics, IG.
15; K. C. Medics, 5.
0; Nebraska, 47.
'• 12; Washington, 18.

U. of M.,11; Central, G.

28; Central, 0.

" IG; Central, 0.

0; Kansas, 16.

UNIVERSITY OF NASHVILLE.
Oct. 15— U. of N., 0 ; U. of South, 10. | Nov. 6— U, of N., 0 ; Vanderbilt,

Oct. 1— U.nfN.,7G; Hastings Col., 0.
Oct. 8— " 23; Iowa St. Col., 10.
Oct. 15— " 24; Tarkis Col.,0.
Oct. 22- " 38; Wm. Jewell Col.,0.
Oct. 24— " 47; Univ. of Mo., G.
Nov. 5 — " 18; Univ. of Kan., G.

UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA
U

Nov. 7-U. of N., 0; K.C.Med. Col., 24.
Nov. 12— " 5; Drake Univ., G.

Nov. 17— '■ 23; Univ. of Colo., 10.
Nov. 19— " 11; Denver A. C, 10.
Nov. 24 — " 5; Univ. of Iowa, G.

UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA.

Oct. 1— U. N. C, 11; Guilford Col., 0.
(;ct. 1.5— " 34; A. & M. Col ,0.

Oct. 20— " 18; Greensboro, 0.

Get. 29- " 11; Oak Ridge, 0.

Nov. 4— " 28; Va. Poly Inst., 6.

Nov. 5— U. N. C, 11; Davidson Col.,0.
Nov. 12— " .53; Univ. of Ga.,0.

Nov. 14— " 29; Ala. Poly Inst., 0.

Nov. 24— " G; Univ. of Va., 3.

UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA.
U. of O., 5; Arkansas City, Kas., 0. | U. of O., 24; Fort Worth Univ., 0.

UNIVERSITY OF OREGON.
Nov. .5— U. of O., 34; Chemawa lnd.,0. I Dec. 3— U. of O., 0; N'western, 21.
Nov. 24— " 95; Portland Uni.,0. | Dec. 10—

38; Oreg. Agri. Col. ,G.

156

Spalding's official foot ball guide.

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA.

Ivania, 17; Wesleyan, 0.
' 'i2; Lafayette, 0.

' 28; Chicasfo Univ.

Pennsylvania, 41; Fr'klin& Marshall, 0. | Pennsy
" .50; Gettysburg, 0.

'■ 40; Pennsylvania State, 0,

.50; Mansfield, 0.
" 1«; Brown. 0.

•' 34; Virginia, 0.

40; Lehigh, 0.

0; Harvard, 10.
3."); Indians, 5.
12; Cornell, 6.

UNIVERSITY OF THE SOUTH.
Oct. 15— U. of S., 10 ; U. of Nash., 0. I Nov. 12-U. of S., 23 ; S. A. C, 0.
Nov. 10— U. of S., 4 ; U. of Tex., 0. | Nov. 24-U. of S., l'.» ; Vnnderbilt, 4.

UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS.
Oct. 15— U. of T., 13 ; Add.-Ran. U., 0. I Nov. 5— U. of T., 24 ; Add.-Ran. U. 0.
Oct. 22- U. of T.,39; A.&M.C.ofT.,0. Nov. 10— U. of T., 0 ; Univ. of South, 4.
Oct. 29— U. of T., ]4;Galv't'nA.C.,0. | Nov. 24— U. of T., 21 ; Dallas A. C.,0.

VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY.

Oct. IG— V. U., 0 ; Univ. of Cin., 10.
Oct. 30— V. U., 0 ; Univ. of Ga., 4.
Nov. 6— V. U., 5 ; Univ. of Nash., 0.

Nov. 13— V. U., 0 ; Univ. of Va., 15.
Nov. 20— V. U., 0 ; Central Univ., 10.
Nov. 25— V. U., 4 ; Univ. of South, 19.

VILLANOVA COLLEGE.

Oct. 1— Villanova, 0; Lafayette, 10.
Oct. 8— " 36; Bryn Mawr, 0.
Oct. 19— " 0; Lawrenceville, 12

Oct. 26— " 0; High School, 0.

Oct. 29— Villanova, 16; Manhattan, 5.
Nov. .5 — " 0; Georgetown, 12.

Nov. 12 — " 0; Manhattan, 5.

W. & J.. 24; Marietta, 0.

" 35; Westminster, 0.

" 16; Lafayette, 0.

" 26; Jefferson Academy, 0

11; Pittsburg A. C.,0.
" 0; Ohio Medic.ll, 0.

WASHINGTON AND JEFFERSON.

W. & J., 40; Jefferson Academy, 1.
68; Allegheny, 0.
" 8; Western Reserve, 6.

" 6; Pennsylvania State, 11.

0; Duquesne C. & A. C, 11

Wesleyan, 0; Yale, 5.

8; West Point, 27.
33; Amherst, 0._
" 0; Pennsylvania, 17.

12; Holy Cross, 0.

WESLEYAN.

Wesleyan, 22; Williams, 0.
28; Amherst, 0
" 23; Dartmouth, 5.

30; Trinity, 0.
" 59; Rutgers, 0.

West Point, 40; Tufts, 0.
" 27; Wesleyan,

0; Harvard, S

WEST POINT.

West Point, 18; Lehigh, 0.
0; Yale,^10.
" ^ 5; Princeton, 5.

WESTERN RESERVE.
Oct. 8— W. R. U., 6; Baldwin, 0. I Nov. 5— W. R. U., 0; Oberlin, 11.

Oct. 15— " 0; Michigan. 18. Nov. 12— " 0;W. &f.,8.

Oct. 22— " 29;0. W. U.,0. I Nov. 19— " 11; Kenyan, 6.

Oct. 29— " 49; Ohio State, 0. . Nov. 24— " 29; Case, 0.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

157

UEST SUPERIOR A. C
Oct. 8— W.S.A.C.,22; Ironwood, 0.
Oct. 15— " 0; Rhinelander, IT.

Oct. 21— " 31; N. Da. A.C.,0.

Oct. 22— " 11; Uni. N. Dak.,0.

Oct. 29— W.S.A.C.,28; Superior Gr., 8.
Nov. 12— " 40; Sii. C. H. S.,0.

Nov. 24 — " 0; Ishpeming, 0.

WESTERN UNIVERSITY OF PA.

W. U. P., 20; Pittsburg H. S., 0.
" 6; Duquesne A. C, 5.

6; W. U. P. Freshmen, 0.
6; W. U. P. Juniors, 0.

W. U. P.,0; Apollo A. C, 12.
" 5; East Liverpool, O.,

" G; California, Pa., 0.

" 0; Steubenville, O., 0.

WILLETS POINT.

Willets Point, 34; Mount Auburn, 0.
" " 6; St. Aloysius, 0.

" 32; St. Stephen's, 0.

" 26; St. John's College, 0.

" " 12; Fort Adams, 0.

" " 24; Navy, 0.

" 28; 22d Reg't, 11.

Willets Point, 4G; Selected Team, 0.

18; St. Agnes, 0.

(i; Pastimes, 0,

22; Y. M. C. A.,0.

12; St. Peter's, 6.

20; Fort Slocum, 0.

Williams, 0; Harvard, 11.
0; Yale, 23.
0; Union, 6.
" 6; Indians, 17.
5; Colgate, 0.
0; Wesleyan, 22.

WILLIAMS.

Williams, 24; Trinity, 0.
0; Cornell, 12.
" G; Dartmouth, 10.

" 5; Amherst, IG.

" G; Andover, 0.

WITTENBERG COLLEGE.

Sept. 30— Wittenberg, 0; O. M. U., 10.
Oct. 1— " 5; o- W. U.,G.

Oct. 8— " 0; Akron A. C, 18.

Oct. 15— " 0; McKinley, G.

Oct. 29— Wittenberg, 10; Otterbein,0.
Nov. 14— " 0; McKinley, 11.

Nov. 24 - " 0; Kenyon, 24.

Sept

24— Yale, 18;

Trinity, 0.

Oct.

3- " 5;

Wesleyan, 0.

Oct.

5- " 34;

Amherst, 0.

Oct.

8— " 23;

Williams, 0.

Oct.

15— " G;

Newton, 0.

Oct.

19— " 22;

Brown, 6.

YALE.

Oct. 22- Yale, 18; Indians, 5.
Oct. 29— " 10; West Point, 0.
Nov. 5- " 10; Chicago A. A.,
Nov. 12 — " 0; Princeton, G.
Nov. 19— " 0; Harvard, 17.

GAMES SINCE INTRODUCTION OF
RUGBY FOOT BALL

Where two games have been played in one season, only the champion-
ship game is given.

HARVARD— YALE.

1876— Yale, 1 goal; Harvard, 2 touch-
downs.
1877— No game.
1878— Yale, 1 goal; Harvard,

0.
safeties; Yale, 2

goal, 1 touchdown;

4 safeties; Yale; 0

touchdowns ;

1879— Harvard,
safeties.

1880— Yale, 1
Harvard, 0.

1881- Harvard,
safeties. '

1SS2— Yale, 1 goal, 3
Harvard, 2 safeties.

1883— Yale, 4 goals; Harvard, 1 touch-
down, 1 safety.

1884— Yale, 6 goals, 4 touchdowns;
Harvard, 0.

HARVARD

1876— No game.

1877 — Harvard, 1 goal, 1 touchdown;
Princeton, 1 touchdown.

1878— Princeton, 1 touchdown; Har-
vard, 0.

1879— Princeton, 1 goal, 1 safety;
Harvard, 5 safeties.

1880— Princeton, 2 goals, 2 touch-
downs, 6 safeties; Harvard, 1 goal,
1 touchdown, 4 safeties.

1881— I'rinceton, 1 safety; Plarvard,"
1 safety.

1882— Harvard, 1 goal; 1 touchdown;
I^rinceton, 1 goal.

1883— l^rinceton, 26 points; Harvard,
7 points.

1884— Princeton, 34 points; Harvard,
6 points.

PRINCETON

1885— No game.

1886— Yale, 5 goals; Harvard, 1
touchdown.

1887— Yale, 3 goals, 1 safety; Har-
vard, 1 goal.

1888— No game.

1889— Yale, 1 goal; Harvard, 0.

1890— Harvard, 2 goals; Yale, 1 goal.

1891 — Yale, 1 goal, 1 touchdown;
Harvard, 0.

1892— Yale, 1 goal; Harvard, 0.

1893— Yale, 1 goal; Harvard, 0.

1894— Yale, 12; Harvard, 4.

1895— No game.

1896— No game.

1897— Yale, 0; Harvard, 0.

1898— Harvard, 17; Yale, 0.
PRINCETON.

1885— No game.

1886 — Princeton, 12 points; Har-
vard, 0.

1887 — Harvard, 12 points; Prince-
ton, 0.

1888 — Princeton, 18 points; Harvard,
6 points.

1889 — Princeton, 41 points; Harvard,
15 points.

1890— No game.

1891— No game.

1892— No game.

1893— No game.

1894— No game.

1895— Princeton, 12; Harvard, 4.

1896— Princeton, 12; Harvard, 6.

1897— No game.

1898— No game.
YALE.^

2 goals; Princeton, 0.
2 touchdowns ; Prince-

1 goal; Yale, 0.
5 safeties ; Yale,

1876— Yale,

1877- Yale,
ton, 0.

1878 — Princeton,

1879— I'rinceton,
safeties.

1880— Princeton, 11 safeties; Yale, 5
safeties.

1881— Yale, 0; Princeton, 0.

1882— Yale, 2 goals, 1 safety; Prince-
ton, 1 goal, 1 safety.

1883— Yale, 1 goal; Princeton, 0.

1884— Yale, 1 goal; Princeton, 1
touchdown.

1885 — Princeton, 1 goal from touch-
down; Yale, 1 goal from field.

1886— Yale, 1 touchdown; Prince.
ton, 0.

1887— Yale, 2 goals; Princeton, C.

1888— Yale, 2 goals; Princeton, 0.

1889 — Princeton, 1 goal, 1 touch-
down; Yale, 0.

1890— Yale, 32 points; Princeton, 0.

1891 — Yale, 2 goals, 2 touchdowns;
Princeton, 0.

1892— Yale, 2 goals; Princeton, 0.

1893— Princeton, 1 goal; Yale, 0.

1894— Yale, 24; Princeton, 0.

1895— Yale, 20; Princeton, 10.

1896— Princeton, 24; Yale. 6.

1897— Yale, G; Princeton, 0.

1898— Princeton, C; Yale, 0.

158

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

T59

UNIVERSITY OF TENNS YLVANIA-WESLEYAN.

1S84— U. of P., 14 points; Wesleyan,
12 points.

1885— Wesleyan, 25 points; U. of P.,
18 points.

1886— U. of P., 14 points; Wesley-
an, 0.

1S87— Wesleyan, 10 points; U. of P.,
4 points.

1888— U. of P., 18 points; Wesleyan,
6 points.

1889— Wesleyan, 10 points; U. of P.,
2 points.

1890— U. of P., 16 points; Wesleyan.
10 points.

1891— U. of P., 18 points; Wesleyan,
10 points.

1892— U. of P., 34 ooints; Wesley-
an, 0.

1898— U. of P., 17; Wesleyan, 0.

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA— HARVARD.

1883— Harvard, 4; U. of P., 0.
1884— U. of P., 4; Harvard, 0.
1885— Did not play.
1886— Harvard, 28; U. of P., 0.
1890— Har/ard, 35; U. of P., 0.

1893— Harvard, 26; U. of P., 4.
1894— U. of P., 18; Harvard, 4.
1895— U. of P., 17; Harvard, 14.
1896— U. of P., 8; Harvard, 6.
1897— U. of P., 15; Harvard. 6.
1808— Harvard, 10; U. of P.,0.

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA- YALE.

1879 — Yale, 3 goals, 5 touchdowns;

U. of P., 0.
1880— Yale, 8 goals, 1 touchdown; U.

of P., 0.
1885 — Yale, 4 goals, 7 touchdowns;

U. of P., 1 goal, 2 safeties.
1886— Yale, 8 goals, 7 touchdowns;

U. of P., 0.
1887— Yale, 6 goals, 3 touchdowns;

U. of P., 1 safety.
1888— Yale, 50 points; U. of P., 0.

1889- Yale, 20 points; U. of P., 10

points.

1890— Yale, 60 points; U. of P., 0.

1891— Yale, 48 points; U. of P., 0.

1892— Yale, 28 points; U. of P.
1893— Yale, 14 poin*-' U. of

points.
1894- No game.
1895— No game.
1896— No game.
1897 — No game.
1898- No game.

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA— PRINCETON.

1876— Princeton, 6 goals; U. of P., 0.

1878 — Princeton, 2 goals, 4 touch-
downs; U. of P., 0.

1879 — Princeton, 6 goals, 4 touch-
downs; LT. of P., 11 safeties.

1880 — Princeton, i goal, 3 safeties;
U. of P., 1 safety.

1881 — Princeton, 4 goals, 6 touch-
downs; LT. of P., 4 safeties.

1882— Princeton, 10 goals, 4 touch-
downs; U. of P., 0.

1883— Princeton, 39 points; LT. of P.,
6 points.

1884— Princeton, 30 points; U. of
P., 0.

1885— Princeton, 51 points; U. of
P., 0.

1886— Princeton, 28 points; U. of P.,

6 points.
1887— Princeton, 95 points; U. of

P., 0.
1888— Princeton, 4 points; LT. of P.. 0.
1889- Princeton, 72 points; U. of P,

4 points.
1890— Princeton, 6 points; U. of P., 0.
1891— Princeton, 24 ooints; U. of

P., 0.
1892— U. of P., 6 points; Princeton, 4.
1893 — Princeton, 4 points; U. of

P., 0.
1S94— IT. of P., 12: ^" ceton, 0.
189.5— No game.
1896— No game.
1897— No game.
1898— No game.

A. ALONZO STAGG.

Associate Professor and Director of the Department of Physical Culture,
University of Chicago.

FOOT BALL IN THE WEST

By a. Alonzo Stagg,

Associate Professor and Director of the Department of Physical Culture,

University of Chicago.

THE season of 1898 was one of surprises in Middle West foot
ball. The surprises began early in October, and they con-
tinued until set of sun on Thanksgiving day. The extremes
of latitude set our athletic compass vibrating at the beginning of the
season, and the points of widest longitude knocked it completely
askew at the ending.

Illinois, at the southern limit of the big seven universities, started
the disturbance early in the season by being beaten (10 to 6) by the
College of Physicians and Surgeons, and one week later (5 to o), by
by Notre Dame University. Minnesota, at the northernmost limit
quickly responded by losing to Grinnell (16 to 6), and Ames Agri-
cultural College (6 to o). On Thanksgiving day, Nebraska, out at
the extreme Middle West, the champion of the Trans-Mississippi
College League, fell down before the University of Iowa's much de-
feated team by five points to six; while Michigan, at the eastern
limit, sprung a surprise by winning an unexpected victory over
Chicago by the score of 12 to 11.

But the surprises were not confined to the extremes of season, nor
to the extremes of territory. The ones already noted simply stand as
indicative of the whole fall's work in the Middle West.

Who would have thought that Chicago would have beaten North-
western 34 to o, on October 22 ? Nothing would have appeared more
ridiculous than such an idea. Plenty of sizable material and coached
by an expert from Princeton, who at that time had aroused to a re-
markable degree the support and loyalty of the Purple, the North-
western team seemed fit to be the coming champions. On the other

161

l62 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

hand, few believed after the Chicago defeat that Northwestern could
so organize and get together that she could play Michigan practically
to a standstill (6 to 5), two weeks later.

Up in Minnesota, the State Universit) had unexpectedly been
beaten by two of the smaller institutions; had gone to certain defeat
(29 to o), by Wisconsin on October 29, and then, when everyone had
given up hope of her winning any games, she suddenly rises out of
her slough of despond and snatches victory (17 to 6) from North-
western, who had journeyed to Minneapolis on November 12, ex-
ultant and confident from the^r fine showing against Michigan the
week before.

The wonder of it is, how did it all happen? How does Minnesota
explain her poor showing for the season? How does Illinois explain
her early defeats? How does Northwestern explain her ups and
downs ? How does Chicago explain her good record up to the time
of Thanksgiving day, and then her defeat by Michigan? It would
make very interesting reading if a compendium of the explanations
on these points could be gathered from the various universities. It
would also furnish valuable data as to what to do and what not to do
under certain circumstances. It would give us some idea as to how
much luck entered into foot ball contes.ts. It would aid us in de-
termining what are the best methods of training; what is the best
system of plays; what are successful strategies; what are winning
formations; how to get the best use of the kicking game; when to
follow one method of attack or defence, and when to pursue an en-
tirely different one, and perhaps strike Avith all the might for the
goal; what part good generalship plays in winning contests; how
\\\\xc\\ esp)'it de co7'ps on the field affects the game; in fact, what are
the winning factors in foot ball. Out of it, the wise coach, the one
who could feel its content, would be able to get the secret for de-
veloping successful teams.

The striking advance made in last year's play in the West was the
development of the defensive game. No other year has found so
many teams with such a strong defence. Michigan and Chicago
were far in advance of anything they had done before in this respect,
while Wisconsin seemed to be quite as good as she was last year.
In fact, the defence of all three of these teams on Thanksgiving day

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 153

approached very nearly to the best play of the Eastern teams. I
should not at that time have been afraid to have risked any one of
them against the very best, not excluding Harvard or Pennsylvania.
Up to the first week of November there were still weak spots to be
found in each of their lines, but after the middle of that month, only
by the hardest kind of offensive play, was any advance to be made
against these teams.

One other feature characterized Western foot ball last season. It
was scarcely less noticeable than the improvement in the defence.
Nearly all of the teams developed a very fair kicking game. Chicago
and Wisconsin easily led the others; however, Herschberger and
O'Dea being in a class wholly by themselves among the full-backs of
the country.

The general development of the kicking game throughout the West
was unquestionably due to the fact that in 1897 the two leading teams,
notably Wisconsin and Chicago, had secured a great advantage over
any of their rivals in this particular, and certain games were said to
have been won solely on the good kicking abilities of O'Dea and
Herschberger. In order to remedy this weakness, the other teams
who were brought into competition with these colleges early in the
spring introduced a series of kicking contests in order to bring out
and develop material for that important position. Michigan and
Northwestern gave the most attention to this work, their experience
against Chicago making them feel their need most keenly.

A summary of the foot ball season of 1898 would include something
of the history and policy of the various institutions of the West. Min-
nesota, after two years' experience with a Yale coach, determined on
trying a new man and a new system. Minds, the captain and star player
of the Pennsylvania team of 1897 was secured, and a complete change
in the system of play inaugurated. It was thought in view of the suc-
cess of the Pennsylvania play in the East, that by bringing a strong
player who had been thoroughly instilled in this system and knew it
from A to Z, that great results would be accomplished. It was,
therefore, with the greatest expectation that the foot ball players of
Minnesota started on the season of 1898, but, as the record shows,
the change was not a success, at least for this year, and Minnesota
failed to secure the place which they had expected and coveted.

1 64

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

Her record of the last two years is much inferior to that of former
years, when Minnesota, along with Purdue, stood supreme in Western
foot ball.

Northwestern, after a poor season in 1897, concluded to abandon
its policy of using an alumnus as coach, and bent every energy toward
getting a strong man from the East. They secured Bannard, Prince-
ton's former half-back, for their coach, and started in with great
enthusiasm and expectations. The result has been a series of ups
and downs, showing genuine merit and development in certain games
and extremely bad form in others; though with the exception of the
Michigan game, in which Northwestern played magnificently, and
fully demonstrated the team's possibilities when under the right in-
spiration, she did not play a consistently strong game.

Illinois retained Smith of Princeton as an assistant to coach Huff,
and held to much the same system of play which she had developed
in the previous year, however, with less success, especially in the
early part of the season. Her misfortune in losing Smith's help on
account of sickness, and in being obliged to break in a lot of new
men, was partly accountable for her poor showing. Towards the last
of the season, however, she got her offensive play in good working
order and played a very fair game. But, like the preceding year,
her defensive work was not sufficiently strong to prevent her oppo-
nents from scoring.

After employing Eastern experts for several years, the last two of
which were disastrous, Purdue decided upon introducing a system of
graduate coaches. The result has been sufficiently satisfactory to
warrant the innovation. The team, although composed of green
material, showed steady progress throughout, the season. The aim of
Mr. Jamieson and his assistants w:'s, so far as possible, to select a
mass of crude material from the lower classes with the idea of train-
ing and developing them for future years, a principle which is bound
to show good results.

Wisconsin retained King, of Princeton fame, and placed upon him
the hardest task which he had yet had in his career at that institution,
by asking him to develop a team out of almost wholly new material.
He did his work so well that Wisconsin fairly earned its place of stand-
ing third in a class composed of Michigan, Chicago and Wisconsin.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. j^-

Chicago, as it proved, had three goals to reach : to make a good
showing against Pennsylvania; to defeat Wisconsin, and to win the
championship on Thanksgiving day. In planning her season, these
three points had to be considered; but the last one did not take on at
first the decisive importance which the accidents of the season gave
to it eventually. In two of these she accomplished her purpose. In
the third she was doomed to disappointment, but only after the most
spectacular and most determined contest Michigan and Chicago have
ever played.

Michigan continued its policy of the previous year, in using gradu-
ate coaches, securing Hall, of the '96 team for the rush line, and
Ferbert, the head coach of the season of 1897, for the backs. Her
schedule was a progressive one, using the smaller colleges during the
whole of October for the purpose of threshing out her large mass of
material before taking up the harder games of November. Michigan's
one fixed purpose was to beat Chicago, and her system of play was
modelled from the beginning with that end in view. In this, she
accomplished her work, and with it brought the Maize and Blue into
the foremost position of the season.

The season of 1898 was unquestionably a championship season.
No one can dispute Michigan's right to first honors. It was an acci-
dent of the season that the cleavage between the strong and the weak
teams of the big seven universities placed the superior teams in
minority, so that there were fewer elevens who by their record were
in the championship class. It was also an accident of the season
that when the decisive game between Michigan and Chicago took
place, all of the teams which might be considered as having a claim
for championship honors had either been defeated by one or the other
of these teams, or had been put out of the race by some eleven which
had itself fallen before the leaders.

It is not possible to give adequate comment on the records of the
large number of smaller colleges and universities of the West. Many
of them are playing splendid foot ball, and are worthy of the highest
praise for developing the game, oftentimes under very adverse cir-
cumstances. The work of Beloit, Grinnell and Ames College has
been for the past three years or more of a uniformly high grade. Of
large institutions not already mentioned, Oberlin, has put up a con-

l66 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

sistently strong game for several years. Her team has not met the
strongest Western teams, but her record against Cornell, Purdue and
Cincinnati entitles her to a high position. Drake University and the
University of Cincinnati have also been making a steady rise toward
first grade foot ball. The fact that Oberlin was beaten only 6 to o by
Cornell, and that Cincinnati defeated Dartmouth so handily, gives
some idea of the general strength of the Western teams. Notre
Dame, by defeating Illinois in the early part of the season, gained
favorable prominence, but her later work would not justify a high
ranking. Nebraska again won the championship of the league com-
posed of the State universitieSi of Missouri, Kansas and Nebraska.
This league has done a vast deal for the development of foot ball
beyond the Mississippi River. It is worthy of comment that Cali-
fornia has at last broken the chain of tie games or Stanford victories
by decisively defeating her great rival (22 to o) on Thanksgiving day.
Much of the credit of this accomplishment seems to belong to Garrett
Cochran, the ex-Princeton captain.

GRADUATE MANAGERS

By Chas. Baird,
Graduate Director of Athletics, University of Michigan.

HE rapid growth of interest in
college athletics all over the
country, the large interests
involved, and the increased import-
ance of the departments of physical
culture at the leading universities, has
demanded that the management of
college athletics be placed on a more
firm, business-like and dignified basis.
Formerly at Eastern, and still at most
of the Western universities, the control
of the athletic policy and the manage-
ment of the teams has been in the
hands of shifting, irresponsible per-
sons, students of limited experience in handling men and money, and
it is due to this fact more than any other that there has been so much
wrangling and quarrelling in college athletics. To remove these
troubles, various systems have been adopted by a number of the
leading universities, most all of which have sought to place the con-
trolling authority in a concentrated and continuous management.

Of the various systems adopted at the larger universities, the most
popular seems to be that of the "Graduate Manager System."

Here the executive power in business matters, and the general
policy is placed in the hands of some alumnus, usually distinguished
for his loyalty, interest, ability and experience as a student manager
or athlete. This system has been formally adopted at Harvard and
practically exists at Yale, where Mr. Walter Camp directs the ath-

167

l58 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

letics through the student managers. At Harvard, the graduate
manager is a salaried officer, chosen for three years, in charge of the
entire business of the athletic association. At Princeton they have
a salaried Graduate Treasurer vi^ho looks after the funds of the asso-
ciation.

In many respects the Pennsylvania system of athletic management
is the best in the country. There the leading ofhcers of the athletic
association are prominent graduates, and each of the different
branches of athletics is controlled by a committee of five, directed by
a graduate chairman. Mr. John Bell, the chairman of the foot ball
committee, has held that position for years, and it is largely due to his
wise direction that Pennsylvania has reached the high rank in foot
ball which she now holds.

In the West, Chicago University first realized the advantages of
the concentration of authority and a continuous policy. From the
foundation of the university, Mr. Stagg has been director of physical
culture, with complete control and management of the athletic teams.
"With the knowledge and skill of experience, and by holding to a
settled policy, he has had an immense advantage over rival institu-
tions, where the management of the teams has been in the hands of
shifting students, and by his ability he has brought the new univer-
sity to the first ranK in athletics.

In 1898, Michigan formally placed the management of her athletics
in the hands of a graduate director. As an officer of the athletic asso-
ciation, subject to the control of the board of directors, he has the
entire direction of the management of the teams, the making of
schedules, the selection of coaches and outlining of policy, etc.
However, as far as possible, the execution of business is placed in the
hands of students who hold honorary positions as associate managers
and officers of the association. The aim of the system is to have
student participation in the direction of affairs as far as consistent
with sound business management.

At Illinois, Mr. Huff, the head coach of athletic teams, has exer-
cised the influence of a graduate manager, and has done much to
strengthen the standing of his university in athletics. Northwestern
has recognized the value of concentrated and experienced manage-
ment, and under Dr. Hollister's control, improvement is already

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. I5g

manifest. Oberlin and Purdue have graduate managers and begin-
ning this year, Wisconsin athletics will be managed in the same way.

At Madison, the athletic association has always had able assistance
from local alumni and citizens, which has greatly strengthened the
business management of the team.

The advantages of the graduate system are manifold. The manage-
ment of college athletics requires ability and experience as in other
lines of business. The annual receipts and expenditures for the trans-
action of the business of the athletic association at several of the
larger institutions approximates the sum of one hundred thousand
dollars, and scores of the smaller colleges spend at least ten thousand
dollars.

While good financial management is essential to the successful de-
velopment of a strong athletic system, yet it must be remembered
that finances are but an incident and not the end of college athletics.
Of greater importance is the realization of the value of a sound moral
and ethical policy. The value of a reputation for honesty, fairness
and courtesy in dealing with other universities, is much more fully
realized by one who has been in charge of affairs for several years,
than by a manager elected for one or two seasons only. Again the
success on the field of athletic teams depends chiefly upon the manner
in which they are coached, trained and inspired to work. In other
words, athletic success is a question of successful development, and
not of natural ability. Here experience is the chief factor, and the
old manager has an immense advantage in directing the work of his
team.

These and other apparent advantages, and the uniform success
attending upon the athletic efforts of those institutions where a con-
tinuous policy is in effect will probably lead to the adoption in the
near future ^f the graduate system at those colleges where it does not
now exi<^*^.

FOOT BALL COACHING IN THE
MIDDLE WEST

By George A. Huff, Jr., University of Illinois;.

CACHING began in this section
when foot ball developed from
a college pastime into an inter-
collegiate sport. It is reasonably safe
to say this change in general was made
in the Fall of 1891. In 1892 regular
schedules were prepared. Through
'92, '93, '94 and '95, no more than a
single coach was employed at any one
time at any of the colleges. F^ach year
witnessed improvement in play, and in
1895 some really first-class foot ball
was played. In this year, for the first
time, defence was put on a par with
offence. This was perhaps not so much due to increased efficiency in
coaching as to the personnel of the teams of that year, for they were
largely composed of players of at least three years' experience.

Previous to this year no regular or distinct coaching systems could
be said to have existed. True, Purdue had each year employed as
coaches, Princeton graduates; Minnesota had Yale men and Chicago
had never had any one but Mr. Stagg, but the other institutions had
employed men according to the state of their respective athletic asso-
ciation treasuries, and according to the relative degree of success of
the Yale, Princeton, Harvard and Pennsylvania teams in the East.
Thus, if in '93 Yale had a so-called "champion" team, Yale coaches
would be in great demand in 'g^.

I7<

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

171

Beginning with 1896, a season when untried material took the
places of the veteran teams of the preceding year, it seems to have
been generally recognized that a single coach could not keep the ad-
vancing standard of play to that point where it was necessary to bring
it in order to insure success. Thus, Michigan engaged Ward as well
as McCauley, Chicago had the services of both Aliens and Illinois in-
creased its force by the addition of Fairchild of Harvard and Randall
of Dartmouth, and ever since this year several coaches have done the
work that one formerly did.

Chicago has adhered to the policy of having no assistant coaches
except those who as players have had training under Mr. Stagg.
Michigan retains now none but former students. Wisconsin for three
years past has been fortunate in having the services of Mr. King, the
noted Princeton player, but his assistants have been limited to Wis-
consin alumni. Illinois has had for the past two years, besides the
head coach and alumni, the benefit of the coaching of Mr. Smith,
another Princeton man. Minnesota has changed from a Yale to a
Pennsylvania coach, and the Trans-Mississippi colleges have for the
past three years inclined largely to the Pennsylvanians. Naturally,
the " guards back " play has been a feature of that game. North-
western, from now on apparently, will have Dr. Hollister, another
University of Pennsylvania man, as its head coach, and for assistants
will depend upon alumni. Purdue, like Michigan, has adopted the
alumni system in its entirety.

In general, then, we may say, the trend has been toward alumni
coaching. Where the purely alumni system is not in use the idea
seems to be to obtain the permanent services of a man of known
ability for head coach, and employing alumni as his assistants. This
is tending to produce, and I think will in time produce, distinct types
of play. At present, a decided similarity of play, perhaps due to the
infusion of Princeton ideas, is noticeable at Wisconsin and Illinois.
In passing, it may be remarked that these teams, together with
Michigan, lead the others in strength of defence, according to pub-
lished records. Michigan, perhaps, more than any other Western
team, has developed a distinctive game, the most noticeable feature
possible being the arrangement of the line of defence, where the half-
backs are played between the guards and tackles. Chicago's game

172 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

has not been regularly characterized by any distinctive system.
Startling innovations have at times been introduced in its game, but
have not been incorporated into a regular system of play. The kick-
ing ability of Herschberger has been utilized to advantage, and the
place-kick developed further than at any other institution.

It cannot be said that the Central West, as a whole, has developed
a distinctive game. The direct pass from the snapper-back to the
full-back originated here, and the place-kick for goal has been more
developed here than elsewhere.

In common with all other parts of the country where the game is
much played, we have been affected by the demand for a more open
game, a game where kicking and running shall take the place of
mass-playing. We have assisted in framing rules to accomplish this,
and the result has been to make the game more enjoyable from a
spectator's point of view, but I seriously question whether the danger
of injury has been thereby decreased.

A step in the right direction has been made in the employment of
regular trainers, A few years ago the coach was also a trainer. The
separation of the duties of the latter from those of the former will
undoubtedly produce better results. We have only just begun to
appreciate the value of a good trainer, and whatever advance may be
made in the future in the standard of play will be brought about, in
no small deg ee, by the increased attention directed towards perfect-
ing the physical condition of the men that compose the teams.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 1 73

FOOTBALLRULES

Copyrighted, iSgS, by American Sports Publishing Co.

EaUIPMENT, OFFICIALS, ETC.
Rule L

{a) The game shall be played upon a Field,
rectangular field, 330 feet in length and
160 feet in width, enclosed by heavy
white lines marked in lime upon the
ground. The lines at the two ends shall
be termed goal lines. The side lines
shall extend beyond their points of in-
tersection with the goal line. The goal
shall be placed in the middle of each goal
line, and shall consist of two upright
posts exceeding 20 feet in height and
placed 18 feet 6 inches apart, with hori-
zontal cross-bar 10 feet from the ground.

{h) The game shall be played by two Players,
teams of eleven men each.

{c) The officials of the game shall be Officials.
a referee, an umpire and a linesman.

NOTE — The duties of each official are
stated in Rule 29.

{d) The foot ball used shall be of Ball,
leather, enclosing an inflated rubber blad-

174

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

der. The ball shall have the shape of a i{
prolate spheroid. "I

NOTE — // is desirable to have two
stop-watches and two whistles for the
officials. It is also desirable to have the
field marked off with white lines every m
five yards, parallel to the goal line, for
measuring the five yards to be gained in
three downs, and to provide two light
poles about six feet in length and con-
nected at the lower ends by a stout cord
or chain eocactly five yards long.

DEFINITION OF TERMS.
Rule 2.

{a) A Drop Kick is made by letting
the ball drop from the hands and kicking
it the instant it rises from the ground.

{b) A Place Kick is made by kicking
the ball after it has been placed on the
ground.

{c) A Punt is made by letting the ball
drop from the hands and kicking it before
it touches the ground.
Kick off. (d) A Kick Off is a place kick from
the centre of the field of play, and can-
not score a goal. (Rule 8.)

{e) A Kick Out is a drop kick, place
kick or punt made by a player of the

Methods of
kicking the ball.

Drop kick.

Place kick.

Tunt.

Kick out.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. T75

side which has made a safety or a touch-
back.

(/) A Free Kick is a term used to Free kick.
designate any kick when the opponents
are restrained by rule from advancing
beyond a c^^rtain point.

NOTE — Under a Free Kick are in-
cluded Kick Off, Kick Out, Punt-out
{Rules 5 and 25) ; Kick from a Fair
Catch {Rule y), and Place Kick for Goal
after a Touchdown {Rules 4 a and 2^).
Any player of the side having the Free
Kick may put the ball in play.
Rule 3»

{a) The ball is Out of Bounds when Out of hounds.
it touches the ground on or outside the
side line or side line extended, or when
any part of the player who hu!ds the ball
touches the ground on or outside the
side line or side line extended.

{b) If the ball is kicked so that it goes
out of bounds before crossing the oppo-
nents' goal line, it shall belong to the
opponents. If, however, it strikes any
player who is on side and then goes out
of bounds, it shall belong to the player
who first obtains possession of it.
Rule 4.

{a) A Touchdown is made when the Touchdown,
ball in possession of a player is declared

176 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

dead by the Referee, any part of it being
en, over or behind the opponents' goal
line.

(b) The point where the touchdown
is marked, however, is not where the
ball is carried across the Hne, but where
the ball is fairly held or called ''down."

NO TE — If the ball is carried across
the extension of the side line it is at once
dead, and the touchdown is marked at
the point where the side line crosses the
goal line.

Touchback. {c) A Touchback is made when the
ball in possession of a player guarding his
own goal is declared dead by the Referee,
any part of it being on, over or behind
the goal line, provided the impetus
which sent it to or across the line was
given by an opponent.
Safety. (d) A Safety is made when the ball in
the possession of a player guarding his
own goal is declared dead by the Referee,
any part of it being on, over or behind
the goal line, provided the impetus which
caused it to pass from outside the goal
to or behind the goal line was given by
the side defending the goal. Such im-
petus could come: (i) from a kick,
pass, snap-back or fumble; (2) from a
kick which bounded back from an oppo-

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 1 77

nent; (3) in case a player carrying the
ball is forced back, provided the ball
was not declared dead by the Referee
before the line was reached or crossed.
Rule 5*
A Punt Out is a punt made by a player Punt-out.
of the side which has made a touchdown
to another of his own side for a fair catch.
(Rule 7.) Rule 6.

(a) A Scrimmage takes place when Scrimmage.
the holder of the ball places it upon the

ground and puts it in play by kicking it
forward or snapping it back. The scrim-
mage does not end until the ball is again
declared dead.

The ball is always put in play from a
scrimmage, except in cases where other
specific provision is made by the rules.

NO TE — Snapping the ball means put-
ting it back by means of hand or foot
with one quicJi and continuous motion
from its position on the ground.

(b) If, after the snapper-back has taken Feint to

his position, he should voluntarily move Snap the ball,
the ball as if to snap it, whether he with-
holds it altogether or only momentarily,
the ball is in play, and the scrimmage
has begun.

{c) When snapping the ball back, the Snapper-back
player so doing must be on side, the off side.
hand or foot used in snapping the ball
excepted. (Rule 10.)

[78 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

Rule ?♦

Fair catch. (a) A Fair Catch consists in catching
the ball after it has been kicked by one
of the opponents and before it touches
the ground, or in similarly catching a
punt-out by another of the catcher's own
side, provided the player, while making
the catch, makes a mark with his heel
and takes not more than one step there-
after. It is not a fair catch if the ball,
after the kick, was touched by another
of his side before the catch. Opponents
who are off side shall not interfere in
any way with a player attempting to
make a fair catch, nor shall he be thrown
to the ground after such catch is made
unless he has advanced beyond his mark.
Putting hall in {b) If a side obtains a fair catch, the
play after fair ball must be put in play by a punt, drop
catch, kick or place kick, and the opponents'
cannot come within ten yards of the line
on which the fair catch was made; the
ball must be kicked from some point
directly behind the spot where the catch
was made, on a line parallel to the side
line.

Rule 8«

Goal. A Goal is made by kicking the ball in

any way, except by a punt, from the

field of play over the cross-bar of the

opponents' goal. If the ball passes

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 1 79

directly over one of the uprights it
counts a goal.

NO TE—lf the ball, after being kicked,
strikes an opponent and then passes over
the cross-bar, it still counts a goal.
Rule 9*
Charging is rushing forward to seize . Charging,
or block the ball or to tackle a player.
Rule \0,

(a) In a scrimmage no part of any Off side.
player shall be ahead of the ball when
it is put in play. [Exception under Rule
6, c]

NOTE — Ahead of the ball means be-
tween the opponents' goal and a line par-
allel to the goal line and passing through
the centre of the ball.

ip) A player is put off-side if the ball Player put
in play has last been touched by one of off side.
his own side behind him. No player,
when off side, shall touch the ball ex- Restrictions
cept on a fumble or a muff, nor shall he when off side.
interrupt or obstruct an opponent with
his hands or arms until again on side. Kicked ball
No player can, however, be called off strikes player
side behind his own goal line. off side.

NOTE — If a player is ahead of the
ball when it is kicked by another of his
side, he is off side, and he shall not
allow the ball to touch him until again

I^O SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

on side. Should he break this rule, the
hall goes to opponents on the spot.
Player off side {c) A player being off side is put on
put on side, side when the ball has touched an oppo-
nent, or when one of his own side has
run in front of him, either with the ball,
or having been the last player to touch
it when behind him.
Ball inside ten {d) If the ball, when not in possession
yard line of either side, is touched when inside
touched by a the opponents' ten yard line by a player
player who is who is offside, it shall go as a touch-
off side, back to the defenders of that goal.

Rule n»
Ball is dead. The ball is Dead:

(a) Whenever the Referee or Umpire
blows his whistle or declares a down.

(b) When the Referee has declared
that "a down, touchdown, touchback,
safety or goal has been made.

(d) When it has been downed after
going out of bounds.

NOTE— {a) Should the ball strike an
official it is not regarded as dead, but
play continues exactly as if the ball had
not touched him.

(b) No play can be made when the ball
is dead, except to put it in play accord-
ing to rule.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. igl

Rule \2.

(a) The length of the game shall be Length of game.
70 minutes, divided into two halves of
35 minutes each, exclusive of time taken
out. There shall be ten minutes inter-
mission between the two halves.

NOTE — The game may be of shorter
duration by mutual agreement between
the captains of the contesting teams.

Whenever the commencement of a game Darkness,
is so late that, in the opinion of the
Referee, there is any likelihood of the
game being interfered with by darkness,
he shall, before play begins, arbitrarily
shorten the two halves to such length as
shall insure two equal halves being com-
pleted, and shall notify both captains of
the exact time thus set. Either side re-
fusing to abide by the opinion of the
Referee on this point shall forfeit the
game.

{b) The game shall be decided by the Final score.
final score at the end of the two halves.

(c) Time shall not be called for the Time called at
end of a half until the ball is dead, and end of a half.
in case of a touchdown, the try-at-goal
shall be allowed.

{d) Time shall be taken out whenever Time taken out.
the game is unnecessarily delayed or
while the ball is being brought out for a

l82 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

try-at-goal, kick out or kick off, or
when play is for any reason suspended
by the Referee or Umpire. Time shall
begin again when the ball is actually put
in play.
Time not taken NOTE— Time is not to be taken out
out zvhen ball when the ball goes out of bounds', except
out of bounds, in case of unreasonable delay in return-
ing the ball to play.
No delay (e) No delay arising from any cause
longer than whatsoever shall continue more than
two minutes, two minutes.

Rule \Z*
Beginning of (^) The captains shall ''toss up" be-
game and of fore the beginning of the game, and the
second half, winner of the toss shall have his choice
of goal or kick off. The ball shall be
kicked off at the beginning of each half.
Whenever a goal, following a touch-
down, has been tried (Rules 24 and 25),
or a goal from the field has been kicked
(Rules 8 and 26), the side defending that
goal shall kick off. The teams shall
change goals at the beginning of the
second half. The same side shall not
kick off at the beginning of two succes-
sive halves.
Ball kicked out (b) At kick off, if the ball goes out of
of bounds at bounds before it is touched by an oppo-
kick off. nent, it shall be brought back and kicked

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. I83

off again. If it is kicked out of bounds
a second time it shall go as a kick off to
the opponents. If either side thus for-
feits the ball twice, it shall go to the
opponents who shall put it in play by a
scrimmage at the centre of the field.

(c) At kick off, if the ball is kicked Ball kicked
across the goal line and is there declared across goal line
dead when in the possession of one of at kick off.
the side defending the goal, it is a touch-
back. If it is declared dead thus in pos-
session of the attacking side, it is a
touchdown.

{d) At kick off and on a kick from a Position of
fair catch, the opposite side must stand opponents at
at least ten yards in front of the ball until kick out and
it is kicked. On a kick-out, the oppo- kick from fair
site side cannot stand nearer the goal catcli.
than the 25-yard line, except on a kick
out made after a drop kick upon the first
down inside the 25-yard line, when the
10-yard line is the restraining mark.
[See Rule 23, exception.]

Rule J4.
{a) The side which has a free kick Position on
must be behind the ball when it is free kick,

kicked.

j^OTE— Otherwise, the kick must be
made again under conditions laid down
in Penalties — E,

I8^ SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

Must hick ball (b) In the case of a kick off, kick out,
ten yards, or kick from a fair catch, the bail must
be kicked a distance of at least ten yards
towards the opponents' goal from the
line restraining the player making the
kick, unless it is stopped by an oppo-
nent; otherwise the ball is not in play.

Rule \S*
Lawful (a) Charging is lawful, in case of a
charging, punt out or kick off, as soon as the ball
is kicked; and the opponents must not
charge until the ball is kicked.
Ball touching (b) In case of any other free kick,
the ground by charging is lawful : (i) When the player
accident, of the side having the free kick advances
beyond his restraining line or mark with
the ball in his possession; (2) When
he has allowed the ball to touch the
ground by accident or otherwise.
After lawful {c) If such lawful charging takes place,
charging ball and if the side having the free kick fails
must be kicked, to kick the ball, then the opponents
may line up five yards ahead of the line
which restrained them before charging.
In that case, the side having the free
kick must kick the ball from some point
directly behind its mark, if the free
kick resulted from a fair catch, and in
other cases from behind the new re-
straining line.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. I85

EXCEPTION— If, in case of a try-at-
goal, after a touchdown, the hall is not
kicked, after having been allowed to touch
the ground once, no second attempt shall
be permitted, and the ball shall be kicked
off at the centre of the field. {Rule ij.)

Rule t6*

(a) The snapper-back is entitled to No interference

full and undisturbed possession of the with snapper-

ball. The opponents must neither inter- back.
fere with the snapper-back nor touch
the ball until it is actually put in play.

{b) In snapping the ball back, if the Snapper-back

player so doing is off side, the ball must off side.
be snapped again, and if this occurs
once more on the same down the ball
shall go to the opponents.

{c) The man who snaps back and the Snapper-back

man opposite him in the scrimmage and player oppo-

cannot afterward touch the ball until it site restrained

has touched some player other than from touching

these two. the ball.

(d) If the man who puts the ball in Restrictions

play in a scrimmage kicks it forward, when ball is put

no player of his side can touch it until it in play by kick

has gone ten yards into the opponents' forward.
territory, unless it be touched by an
opponent.

l86 SPALDING'S 'OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

Advance of ball (e) The man who first receives the

by player first ball when it is snapped back shall not

receiving it carry the ball forward beyond the line of

from snapper- scrimmage unless he has regained it

bach, after it has been passed to and has

touched another player.

Rule M.

No interference {a) Before the ball is put in play no

with opponents player shall lay his hands upon, or by

before ball the use of his hands or arms, interfere

is in play, with an opponent in such a way as to

delay putting the ball in play.

No use of hands (b) After the ball is put in play, the

or arms by players of the side that has possession of

attacking side, the ball may obstruct the opponents

with the body only, except the player

running with the ball, who may use his

hands and arms.

Defending side (c) The players of the side not having

may use hands the ball may use their hands and arms,

and arms, but only to get their opponents out of

the way in order to reach the ball or

stop the player carrying it.

Rule \Z.

Movement (a) Before the ball is put in play in a

allowed before scrimmage, if any player of the side

ball put in play, which has the ball takes more than one

step in any direction, he must come to

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 187

a full stop before the ball is put in play.

EXCEPTION— One man of the side
having the ball may be in motion towards
his own goal without coming to a stop
before the ball is put in play'.

When the ball is put in play by a
scrimmage:

(^) At least five players of the side Five players on
having the ball must be on the line of line of
scrimmage. scrimmage.

{c) If five players, not including the Position of other
quarter back, are behind the line of scrim- players.
mage and inside of the positions occu-
pied by the players at the ends of said
line, then two of these players must be
at least five yards back of this line, but
all of these players may be nearer than
five yards to the line of scrimmage if
two of them are outside (and this means
both feet outside the outside foot of the
next player) the positions occupied by
the players at the ends of said line.

Rule \9.

A player may throw, pass or bat the Throwing, pass-
ball in any direction except toward his ing or batting
opponents' goal. the ball.

Rule 20,

(a) If a player having the ball is A down.
tackled, and the movement of the ball

i88

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

No piling up
on player.

Necessary gain

or loss in

three downs.

'Consecutive''
downs.

Kicked ball
must go beyond
line of scrim-
mage.

stopped, or if the player cries "down,"
the Referee shall blow his whistle, and
the side holding the ball shall put it
down for a scrimmage.

(b) As soon as a runner attempting to
go through is tackled and goes down.,
being held by an opponent, or when-
ever a runner having the ball in his pos-
session cries ''down," or if he goes out
of bounds, the Referee shall blow his
whistle and the ball shall be considered
down at that spot.

{c) There shall be no piling up on the
player after the Referee has declared the
ball dead.

Rule 2\.

(a) If, in three consecutive downs
(unless the ball crosses the goal line), a
team has neither advanced the ball five
yards nor taken it back twenty yards, it
shall go to the opponents on the spot of
the fourth down.

NOTE — '"Consecutive" means with-
out going out of the possession of the side
holding it, except that by having kicked
the ball they have given their opponeiits
fair and equal chance of gaining posses-
sion of it. No kick, however, provided
it is not stopped by an opponent, is re-
garded as giving the opponents fair and

[

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 189

equal chance of possession unless the ball
goes beyond the line of scrimmage.

(b) When a distance penalty is given, First down after
the ensuing down shall be counted the distance penalty.
first down.

Rule 22.

If the ball goes out of bounds, whether Putting ball in
it bounds back or not, a player of the play from out of
side which secures it must bring it to bounds.
the spot where the line was crossed, and
there either:

{a) Touch it in with both hands at
right angles to the side line and then
kick it; or

{b) Walk out with it at right angles
to the side line, any distance not less
than five nor more than fifteen yards,
and there put it down for a scrimmage,
first declaring how far he intends walk-
ing.

Rule 23.

A side which has made a touchback Kick out after
or a safety must kick out, from not more safety or
than twenty -five yards outside the touchback.
kicker's goal. If the ball goes out of
bounds before striking a player, it
must be kicked out again, and if this
occurs twice in succession, it shall be
given to the opponents as out of bounds
on the twenty-five yard line on the side

IQO SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

Positions of where it went out. At kick out, the
opponents at opponents must be on the twenty-five
kick out. yard Hne or nearer their own goal, and
the kicker's side must be behind the ball
when it is kicked. Should a second
If second touch- touchback occur before four downs have
back before four been played, the side defending the goal
downs, may have the choice of a down at the
twenty-tlve yard line, or a kick out.
After drop kick EXCEPTION — Whenever a side lias
at goal on first tried a drop kick at the goal upon a first
down inside down inside the twenty -five yard line and
twenty-five the result has heen a touchback, the ten
yards, kick off yard, instead of the twenty -five yard line
from ten shall determine the position of the oppo-
yard line, nents, and the kicker's side must be be-
hind the ball when it is kicked.

Rule 24.

Try-at-goal i^) ^ side which has made a touch-
after touch- down must try at goal, either by a place
down, kick or a punt-out.

{b) After the try-at-goal, whether the
After touch- goal be made or missed, the ball shall go
down, defenders as a kick off at the centre of the field to
kick off. the defenders of the goal.

Rule 25*

Try-at-goal by {a) If the try be by a place kick, a

place kick, player of the side which has made the

touchdown shall hold the ball for another

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. jgi

of his side to kick at some point outside
the goal on a line parallel to the side line
passing through the point where the
touchdown was declared. The oppo-
nents must remain behind their goal
line until the ball has been placed upon
the ground.

(b) If the try-at-goal is to be preceded Punt out preced-
by a punt-out, the punter shall kick the ing tiy-at-goal.
ball from the point at which the line
parallel to the side line, and passing
through the spot of the touchdown, in-
tersects the goal line. The players of
his side must stand in the field of play
not less than five yards from the goal
line.

{c) The opponents may line up any- "Positions of
where on the goal line except within the players at
space of ten feet on each side of the punt out.
punter's mark, but they cannot interfere
with the punter. If a fair catch be made
from a punt-out, the mark shall serve to
determine the positions as the mark of
any fair catch, and the try-at-goal shall
then be made by a place kick from this
spot, or any point directly behind it. If
a fair catch be not made on the first
attempt the ball shall go as a kick off at
the centre of the field to the defenders
of the goal.

192

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

Defending side
may charge.

Holder of ball
may be off side.

NOTE — Since the defending team is
on side, they may, of course, charge as
soon as the ball is kicked and try to get
the ball or interfere with the catch.

(d) The holder of the ball in any place
kick may be off side or out of bounds
without vitiating the kick.

'J^&i

Rule 26.

Scoring. The following shall be the values of
plays in scoring: Goal obtained by
touchdown, 6 points; goal from field
kick, 5 points; touchdown failing goal,
5 points; safety by opponents, 2 points.
NOTE — The 6 points is inclusive of
the 5 points for touchdown ; that is,
kicking the goal adds but 1 point.

Rule 27.

No metallic sub- i^a) No one having projecting nails or

stances may be iron plates on his shoes or wearing upon

worn, his person any metallic or hard substance

that in the judgrnent of the umpire is

liable to injure another player, shall be

allowed to play in a match. No sticky

or greasy substance shall be used on the

persons of the players.

Substitutes. (b) A player may be substituted for

another at any time at the discretion of

the captain of his team.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 103

(c) There shall be no unnecessary No striking or
roughness, throttling, hacking or striking unnecessary
with the closed fist, roughness.

(d) A player who has been replaced by
a substitute cannot return to further par-
ticipation in the game.

(e) There shall be no unnecessary de- No ttunecessary
lay of the game by either team. delay.

(/) There shall be no coaching, either No coaching.
by substitutes or by any other persons
not participating in the game. In case
of an accident to a player, but one official
representative shall be allowed on the
field of play.

{g) There shall be no tripping or No tripping or
tackling below the knees. tackling below

the knees.

PENALTIES.
Rule 28.
A foul is any violation of a rule.
The penalties for fouls shall be as fol-
lows:

A. (i) For holding an opponent who Holding.
has not the ball. (Rule 17.)

(2) For unlawful use of hands or arms. Use hands
(Rule 17, b and c.) and arms.

(3) For violation of the rules governing Off side
offside play given under Rule 10.

(4) For violation of Rule 16 {b, c, d, e). Scrimmage.

ig4 SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

Gripping or (5) For tripping an opponent or tack-
tackling below ling him below the knees. (Rule 27, g.)
the knees. The penalty shall be the loss of ten
yards if the side not in possession of the
ball is the offender; or, if the offending
side had the ball, the immediate sur-
render of it to the opponents.
Foul when ball NOTE — In case neither side was in
is in possession possession of the ball when the foul was
of neither side, committed^or example, if the ball was
in the air from a kick or was free upon
the ground after a fumble, kick or pass
— // shall go to the offended side.

The penalties above named shall be

given from the spot where the foul was

committed.

Forward pass B. If the ball is thrown, passed or

and batted ball, batted towards the opponents' goal {Rule

19,) it shall go to the offended side, who

shall put it in play by a scrimmage at

the spot where the foul was committed.

Interference C. In the case of interference of any

with snapper- kind with putting the ball in play (Rules

back and unnec- 16, a, and 17, a), or unnecessary delay

essary delay, of the game (Rule 27, e), the offended

side shall be advanced five yards.

Piling up. D. (i) In case of piling upon a player

after the Referee has declared the ball

dead (Rule 20, c), the offended side shall

receive fifteen yards.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. i95

(2) If a player who is atlempihig to Interference
make a fair catch (Rule 7, a) is unlaw- with fair catch,
fully obstructed, the offended side shall

receive fifteen yards and the choice of
putting the ball in play by a free kick or
by a scrimmage.

(3) If a player who has heeled a fair Catcher thrown,
catch (Rule 7, a) is thrown to the

ground, unless he has advanced beyond
his mark, his side shall receive fifteen
yards and be obliged to take a free kick.

E. (i) In any case oi free kick (Rule Advancing he-
2, /), if the kicker advances beyond his yond the mark
mark, before kicking the ball (Rules 7, a, on free kick.
and IS, b), no matter whether he then
kicks or not, the opponents shall be
allowed to line up five yards nearer
the kicker's mark, and the kick shall
then be made from some point back of
tne first mark, and at the same distance
from the side line.

This shall also apply when the side Ball touching
having a free kick allows the ball to the ground.
touch the ground (Rule i^, b), and then
fails to kick it (kick oft and try-at-goal
after touchdown excepted). The same
ruling shall be given in case any player
of the side making a free kick is ahead
of the ball when it is kicked (Rule 14, a).

(2) In the case of a free kick, if the Charging before
opponents charge (Rule 9) before the ball ball is put in
is put in play (Rule 1 5, a), they shall be play.

196 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

put back five yards for every such
offence and the ball shall be put in play
again from the original mark.
Starting before F. In the case of unlawful starting he-
hall is put fore the hall has heenpvit in play for a
in play, scrimmage {Rule 18, a), provided there
is no infraction of Rule 10, the ball shall
be brought back and put in play again.
If this occurs again in the same down,
the ball shall be given to the opponents.
If again during the game that side in-
fringes the rule bearing upon this act,
the ball shall immediately be given to
the opponents.

The same ruling shall be made in cases
of infraction of Rule 18, h and c.

Refttsing G. If either side refuses to play within

to play, two minutes after having been ordered to

do so by the Referee, it shall forfeit the

game. This shall also apply to refusing

to begin a game when ordered to do so

by the Referee. (Rule 12, e.)

Distance pen- H- Whenever the rules provide for a

altv near distance penalty, if the distance pre-

goal line, scribed would carry the ball nearer to

the goal line than the five yard line, the

hall shall he down 07i the five yard line.

If, however, the foul is committed ifiside

the ten yard line, half the distance to the

goal shall he given.

Repeated fouls I. If a team on the defence commits

near goal line, fouls when so near its own goal that

these fouls are punishable only by the

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. igy

halving of the distance to the line (Rule
28, H), the object being, in the opinion
of the Referee, to delay the game, the
offending side shall be regarded as refus-
ing to allow the game to proceed. The
Referee shall, in such case, warn the
offending side once, and if the offence
is repeated he shall declare the game for-
feited to the opponents.

J. If a player is guilty of timiecessary Striking and
roughness, throttling, hacliing or stritiing unnecessary
with closed fist (Rule 27, c), he shall be roughness.
at once disqualified.

NO TE — Whenever a foul is committed Right to decline
which, in the opinion of the Umpire, did penalty,
not affect the play, the offended side may
decline the penalty. In case of a run
being made from this play, not more than
fifteen yards from the spot where the
foul was committed shall be allowed.

DUTIES OF OFFICIALS.

I. — The Referee.
Rule 29.
The Referee is responsible for the en- Rules in which
forcement of Rules i, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 {a and Referee has
b)\ 7 (except as relates to interference, jurisdiction.
throwing catcher, and positions of play-
ers); 8, II, 12, 13 (except d)\ 14, b;

1^9 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

i6, e] 19, 20 (aandZ?); 21, 22, 2} (ex-
cept as relates to positions of players)
24, 25 (except as relates to positions of
players and interference) ; 26, 27, c.
T^recedence In making his decisions the Referee
to fouls, must recognize and allow precedence to
any penalty inflicted by the Umpire for
a foul.
Points not The Referee's decisions are final upon
covered by all points not specified in the duties of
Umpire, the Umpire.
Putting ball in The Referee shall see that the ball is
play and properly put in play, and he is judge of
progress, its position and progress.
Forward pass- He is judge of forward passes and of
ino- and snap- the advance of the ball by the player
ping back, who first receives it from the snapper-
back when the ball is put in play from a
scrimmage (Rule 16, e).
Notice to cap- At the beginning of a game and in
tains when com- every case after time has been taken out,
mencino- play, he shall ascertain from each captain that
his team is ready, before ordering play
to begin.
Score and He is sole authority for the score of the
forfeiture, game and is judge of forfeiture of the
game under the rules.
Appeal to other The Referee may appeal to both the
officials. Umpire and Linesman for testimony
upon all points within his jurisdiction.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. I99

The Referee must volunteer testimony Must volunteer

to the Umpire concerning infringement testimony in case

of Rule 27 (/). of unlawful

II.— The Umpire. coaching.

The Umpire is responsible for the en- Duties of
forcement of all rules whose infringe- Umpire,
ment is punishable by a distance penalty
or by the surrender of the ball by one
team to the opponents, except 13, h; 16, e;
19, and 23, viz: Rules 6, c; 9, 10, 13, d;
14, a; 15, 16 (except ^^); 17, 18,20,^/27.

The umpire is judge of the conduct of Fouls.
the players, and his decision is final re-
garding such fouls as are not specifically
placed within the jurisdiction of the
Referee.

The Umpire is judge of charging, and Charging and
of the positions of players whenever the position.
ball is put in play.

He may appeal to both the Referee Appeal for
and Linesman for testimony in cases of testimony,
fouls seen by them, and it shall be their
duty to volunteer testimony concerning
violations of Rule 27 {c and/).

NOTE — Captains and players, bow-
ever , may not appeal to the Referee or
Linesman for their testimony upon the
points just mentioned.

The Umpire shall not blow his whistle
nor declare the ball dead, nor call time.

200 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

except to grant a penalty for a foul com-
mitted.
Prevention ami Whenever the Umpire notices or is
punishment of informed by the Referee or Linesman
coaching, that a substitute or any other person not
participating in the game is coaching,
he shall warn the offender, and upon
repetition of the offence, shall exclude
him for the remainder of the game from
the neighborhood of the field of play;
i.e., send the offender behind the ropes
or fence surrounding the field of play.
Use of whistles. NOTE — The Referee and Umpire
should use whistles to indicate cessation
of play on downs or fouls.

III. — The Linesman.

Duties of The Linesman shall, under the super-
Linesman. vision of the Referee, mark the dis-
tances gained or lost in the progress of
the play.
Assistants' He shall be provided with two assis-
implements. tants, who shall remain outside the field
of play and who shall use, in measuring
distance, the rope or chain mentioned
in Note under Rule i {d).
Stop-watch. The Linesman shall, under the direc-
tion of the Referee, also keep the time,
and he should use a stop-watch in so
doing.

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 20]

The Linesman must give testimony Giving and
when requested so to do by the volunteering
Referee or Umpire (seel, and II.), and he testimony re-
must volunteer testimony concerning garding tinner-'
infringment of Rule 27 (c and/). essary rough-

The Linesman shall notify the captains nessand
of the time remaining for play, not more coaching.
than ten nor less than five minutes before
the end of each half.

202

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

INDEX TO RULES

EQUIPMENT, OFFICIALS, ETC.

Field

Players, .....
Officials, ....

Ball,

DEFINITION OF TERMS.

Methods of Kicking the Ball— Drop kick,

Place kick.

Punt,

Kick off, .

Kick out,

Free kick, .

Out of bounds.

Touchdown,

Touchback,

Safety,

Punt out.

Scrimmage,

Feint to snap the ball,

Snapper-back off side,

Fair catch,

Putting ball in play after fair catch

Goal, ....

Charging, ....

Offside,

Player put off side,

Restrictions when off side, .

Kicked ball strikes player off side.

Player off side put on side, .

r>all inside ten yard line touched by

Ball is dead,

Length of game, . '

Darkness,

Final score,

Time called at end of a half

Time taken out, ....

Time not taken out when ball goes out of bou

No delay longer than two minutes.

Beginning of game and of second half.

Ball kicked out of bounds at kick off.

a player who

nds

off side

!ULE

PAGE

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

13?

137

138

Spalding's official foot ball guide.

203

Ball kicked across goal line at liick off,

Position of opponents at kick out and kick from fair catch

Position on free kick, .....

Must kick ball ten yards, ....

Lawful charging, ... ...

Ball touching the ground by accident,

After lawful charging ball must be kicked,

No interference with snapper back,

Snapper-back off side, ......

Snapper-back and player opposite restrained from touching the ball

Restrictions when ball is put in play by kick forward, .

Advance of ball by player first receiving it from snapper-back

No interference with opponents before ball is in play

No use of hands or arms by attacking side, .

Defending side may use hands and arms.

Movement allowed before ball is put in play,

Five players on line of scrimmage.

Position of other players.

Throwing, passing or baiting the ball,

A down, ......

No piling up on player,

Necessary gain or loss in three downs,

*' Consecutive " downs,

Kicked ball must go beyond line of scrimmage

First down after distance penalty, .

Putting ball in play from out of bounds

Kick out after safety or touchback.

Positions of opponents at kick out,

If second touchback occur before four downs.

After drop kick at goal on first down inside of twenty-five yards

kick off from ten yard line,
Try-at-goal after touchdown,
After touchdown, defenders kick oft', .
Try-at-goal by place kick.
Punt out preceding try-at-goal.
Positions of players at punt out,
Defending side may charge.
Holder of ball may be off side,
Scoring, . .

No metallic substances may be worn,
Substitutes, ....

No striking or unnecessary roughness,

No unnecessary delay.

No coaching, ....

No tripping or tackling below the knees

RULE

13
14
14
15
15
15
16
16
16
16
16

17
17
18
18
18
19
20
20
21
21
21
21
22
23
23
23

23
24
24
25
25

PAGE

139
139
139
140
140
140
140
141
141
141
141
142
142
142
142
142
143
143
143
143
144
144
144
144
145
145
145
146
146

146
146
146
146
147
147
148
148
148
148
148
149
149
149
149

204

SPALDING S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

PENALTIES.

Holding, .....

Unlawful use of hands and arms,

Offside,

Scrimmage, .....

Tripping or tackling below the knees,

Foul when ball is in possession of neither side,

Forward pass and batted ball.

Interference with snapper-back and unnecessary delay,

Piling up, .....

Interference with fair catch,

Catcher thrown, ....

Advancing beyond the mark on free kick,

Ball touching the ground, . .

Charging before ball is put in play, '.

Starting before ball is put in play,

Refusing to play, ....

Distance penaltj' near goal line,

Repeated fouls near goal line, .

Striking and unnecessary roughness.

Right to decline penalty, ....

DUTIES OF OFFICIALS. I.— THE REFEREE.

Rules in which Referee has jurisdiction, .

Precedence to fouls, .....

Points not covered by Umpire,

Putting ball in play and progress.

Forward passing and snapping back,

Notice to captains when commencing play, .

Score and forfeiture, .....

Appeal to other officials, ....

Must volunteer testimony in case of unlawful coaching

II. — THE UMPIRE.

Duties of Umpire, . ...

Fouls,

Charging and position, .....

Appeal for testimony, ....

Prevention and punishment of coaching.

Use of whistles, .....

III. — THE LINESMAN.

Duties of Linesman, .....

Assistants' implements, ....

Stop-watch, ......

Giving and volunteering testimony regarding unnecessary rough
ness and coaching,

RULE

PAGE

149

. 28

149

. 28

149

?50

. 28

150

. 28

150

. 28

151

. 28

151

. 28

151

152

. 28

152

. 28

152

1.53

. 28

153

. 29

154

. 29

154

. 29

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. 29

154

155

. 29

155

156

. 29

155

1.5

. 29

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. 29

156

. 29

156

jgh-

157

CANADIAN RUGBY

By Jno. G. Inkster,
President Canadian Inter-colleoiate Rugby Foot Ball Union.

THE Canadian game of Rugby is unique. In a process of evolu-
tion it may be described as an intermediary stage between
the English and American games. It has the same number
of men as the English game, and the remnants of its scrimmage; while
the line-up and mass plays are similar to formations in the game as
played in America. The fifteen (15) men, who play in the Canadian
game, are lined up as follows : full-back, three half-backs, quarter-
back, three scrimmage-men, two outside-wings, two inside-wings,
two centre-wings and a flying-wing. In ordinary plays, such as
running with the ball, passing, kicking and so forth, the English,
Canadian and American games are very much alike. Here, however,
the similarity is at an end. In the English game nine men are in
scrimmage, in the Canadian, three, and in the American, one. The
remark may be ventured quite safely that the ball comes out of each
scrimmage clean and certain just in the inverse ratio to the number
of men. In the English game the uncertainty is painful, in the
Canadian, annoying, and in the American, eliminated. But it is
only fair to say we must reverse the application of these terms when
we come to speak of " interference," which in the American game is
painful, in the Canadian, annoying, and in the English, eliminated.
By reducing the number of men in scrimmage to three, Canadian
players found they could get the ball out with greater certainty,
hence the departure from the English style of play and toivards the
American. Speaking generally, one may say that American Rugby,
minus interference, or Canadian Rugby, minus loose-play, would be
the ideal game. These, perhaps, are the two most objectionable
features in the games themselves, and the most uninteresting ones in

205

206 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

the eye of the spectator. .. Holding on the wings "-a direct conse

quence of loose scrimmage work-is another equally annoyinge '

men. ,n the Canadian game. Year after year 'severe penaUies I.d

elaborate rules have been adopted in order to stop this; but year after

year the officials found the enforcement of these'eithe impo sibl "

.mpract.cable. During the seasons of -,5. '96 and 'gy, this evil, om

bmed wuh a certain kind of semi-legal mass play, was carried t; u^h

an extent that brute force virtually won the game These mass plays

.n a measure resemble the American interference, which, accordingTo

the stnct interpretation of Canadian rules is unlawful. Here agfi^

however, the officials seemed unable to overcome the difficutyumi

some of he teams themselves discovered and demonstrated, 'to te

dehght of spectators, that a fast, light team, using a moderate ^moun'

of skill and science, could win byplaying the open running and pass

"ig game. This style of play was very generally adopted by the

senior teams during the past season. ^ ^

Almost ever since the inception of Rugby in Canada-from 1883 to

Provincial Unions. These included representatives from all the

fe t that It would be in the interest of amateur foot ball, as well as
or their own mutual benefit, to withdraw their teams from the Pro
vincia Unions This feeling found expression in something more
a la year when the ..Canadian Inter-collegiate Rugby Foot Ball
?o o to T TT'- '"""'"^ "" '°" great universities o
h Ui Un^o'" tb *2"«-. McGill and the Royal Military College,
team The" ", "" ." ^'* ^™'°^ """^ '"" (4) intermediL
lu homi ; '' r"" ""' ''""^"'"^ S^™"' """P'-d 'he home
and home system, and in this way avoided the old cut-throat tye
system which existed in the Provincial Unions. It inav be sa d L
pas.„g that fears, even on the part of those who were i avor /
oil ge union, were entertained regarding the success of this affair
It was considered a venture that would neither pay nor be popula
This cloud of doubt has been completely swept away by the Z !
fied success of everything connected with the new organLtion 'bo h
hamp,on.sh,p cups were won this year by the senior Ld intermedia e
teams of the University of Toronto. The-senior team, whose pete

SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE. 20?

appears on another page, was only beaten once, and that by a score
of 4 to 3. They won three exhibition and three championship
matches. This team's play may be described as the most spectacular
ev&f seen on a Canadian campus. Of the games played under the
auspices of this union it may be said they were hard played, closely
contested, exceedingly clean and sportsmanlike. Taken as a whole,
the series gives promise of more scientific foot ball, the very keenest
rivalry untinged with any suspicion of ill-feeling and totally free
from ringers and professionals.

At present there is existing in the College Union a strong feeling
in favor of considerable change in the rules and regulations that
govern the game. As stated above, the most objectionable features
of Canadian Rugby are the scrimmage and "holding on the wings"
— the latter being a direct consequence of the former. The tendency,
which in all probability will materialize by the beginning of next
season, is to do away with "heeling the ball out" of scrimmage, and
instead, " snap it out." This will obviate the former evil. Another
change proposed is to reduce the number of players. In this way,
the umpire, having fewer men to look after, and by imposing the
proper penalties on the offending side — not player — the latter evil
will at least be minimized. Of course the very fact that the scrim-
mage work will be made cleaner by " snapping out," the tendency to
hold on the wings will be greatly reduced. Should these changes,
together with other minor ones which will necessarily follow, be
adopted, the game will inevitably become one where brute force will
be at a discount — as it should be — and one where skill and speed,
which both delight the onlooker, and are worthy in themselves, will
be at an enormous premium. Another consequence of the adoption
of these changes will be to confine Rugby to colleges. The reasons
for thi« are apparent. Even now quite an elaborate code of signals is
very successfully used by some teams. If the changes sketched above
go through, signals of necessity will increase, hence so much time
and attention will be necessary to study and carry them out that city
teams will neither have the time nor the attention to devote to such a
game. Another idea kept in view in proposing these changes is the
possibility of making more similar the styles of the American and
Canadian games. In fact, the game will be much the same as the

208 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE.

American, minus the interference, which unseemly feature all
Canadian Rugby men hope to see their neighbors across the line
eliminate. There would then be a possibility that the universities
of the two great countries would be able to meet each other on the
gridiron. It is sincerely hoped that this day is not far distant when
the friendly relations now developing between the United States of
America and Canada will receive a stronger impetus when the edu-
cated gentlemen of each land meet to exchange compliments and
encourage pure amateur sport in the grand old game of Rugby foot
bail.

A.G.6PALDING ^ 5R05

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Shirts, Night Robes, Pa=
jamas, Bath and Athletic

Robes

BEST VALUE

FULLY GUARANTEED

LION BRAND

TRADE MARK

MANUFACTURED BY

United Shirt and Collar Co,

TROY, N. Y.

...FOR SALE EVERYWHERE...

AC 6PALDING (I BROS

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

SPALDING^S OFFICIAL FOOT BALLS

the Spalding ••Official" Qslic Ball

The Spaldlog " Official" Association Bail

No.K.

The material and workmanship are of the
highest quality, and every ball is thoroughly
tested before leaving our factory. Each ball is
packed in a separate box and sealed, and a per-
fect ball guaranteed inside if seal is unbroken.

The cover on our No. L ball is made in eight
sections, with capless ends, making the ball
perfectly round, neater in appearance, stronger
in every way and more serviceable.

A Foot Ball Indater and Lacing Needle will be
packed with each "Official" ball without any
No. K additional charge.

■•OITicial" Ciclic Foot Ball, $3.00 No. L.

OfTicial" Association Foot Ball SS.OQ

^^^^S^^^-^^T^g^^^

Rugby Foot Balls

Highest Trade Mark duality. Guaranteed. Each -ball

packed complete in separate box and sealed.

No. d. Regulation size, $2.00

Rugby Foot Balls

Association Foot Balls

Standard Trade Mark Quality. Each ball, complete in
separate box.

No. C. Regulation size. SI. OO

Highest Trade Mark Quality. Guaranteed. Each ball

p.uktd complete jn separate box and sealed.

No. O. Regulation size, $2.50

Association Foot Balls

Standard Trade Mark Qu.ility. I .ich ball complete lO

separate box.

No. N. Regulation size. $1.25

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF SPORTS MAILED FREE

A. G. SPALDING & BROS

NEW YORK CHICAGO
DENVER

AG 5PALDIN0 U BROS.

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

SPALDING^S FOOT BALL GOODS

Spalding's
Foot Ball Bladders

Trade.Marked. Guaranteed

Morrill's Nose Mask

No. OA. For Officijl Ball. No. L. Each, SI.OO

No. OB. For Official B;.ll, No. K, " ' I .CO

No^R. For Official Ball, No.J, " I.OO.

Foot Ball Bladders

Not Ouaranteed

Na R For Rugby Foot Balls, . , Each, 50c.

No. A. For Association Foot Balls, . " 50c.

guarantee en Bladders

J J |E GUARANTEE absolutely the bladders
f i I used in our Official balls Nos. J, K and
^^r L, and will replace same within a
reasonable time if defective. The bladder
numbers for above balls are OR, O A, and
OB.. A puncture -within two inches of tfie stem
indicates carelessness in lacing;, and bUdders so
punctured will not be replaced.

All. other bladders are carefully tested before
they arc sent out and will not be' replaced under
any circumstances j»o»otj».j*j«j»^j'.^

Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide

Edited by Walter Camp. Contains
new rules as adopted by Harvard. Yale,
Princeton. University of Pennsylvania
and Cornell; records of all the teams,,
and profusely illustrated with portraits
of all the leading pl.iyers.
Price, lOc.

Morrill's Nose Mask is made of the finest rubber, and

no wire or metal is used in its construction. It has

become a necessity on every foot bail team, and affords

absolute protection to the nose and teeth. '

No. I. Nose Mask, regulation size, Each,$l.50

No. I B. Nose Mask, Youths' size. • " 1.50

Spalding's Rubber Mouthpiece

This Mouthpieceis made of best quality Para, rubber.
Gives perfect protection to the mouth and teeth.
No. 2. Mouthpiece. Each, 25c..

Spalding "Ctub" Brass Foot Ball Inflater

Made of polished brass. Extreme length closed, I^J^
inchesi cylinder lo inches long and diameter ij^ inch.
No. 2. Club Brass Inflater,. Each, 50c,

Pocket Foot Ball Inflater

Made of aluminum, convenient in -ize and quick ii\
action. The cylinder is 5K inches long, and diametef
5^ inch; extreme length closed, ■}]4. inches.
No. 3. Brass Inflater. Each, 25c.

ILLUSTRATED CATALQGUE OF SPORTS MAILED FREE

A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK CHICAGO
DENVER

AC 5PALDING &bR05

NEW YORKAJND CHICAGO

SPALDING'S FOOT BALL GOODS

Spalding's Special New Head Harness

Heavy sole leather crown, filled
with air holes and lihed with lamb's
wool p^ding. Ear protectors heavily
padded with felt. Used by the lead-
ing colleges, and is the best and most
practical head harness yet made.

No. 50. Each, $4.00

5palding's Head . Harness

(rATENTED.

, This Style head harness is the
Tightest and most comfortable
to wear of any head guard yet
devised. It is made of tan
leather and thoroughly padded
. with wool felt a half-inch thick,
with an elastic to go under the
chin, and is adjustable to any
size head. It is a thorough pro-
tection to the crown and back
of -the head, also to the ears.

No. 35. Each, $2:25

Spalding's Elastic Bandage

Composed of threads of j-ubbef com-
>^^ pletely covered. Light, porous jnd

— :^W7 '^^^^^ easily applied. The

^^-" -^-''^j^ pressure can be ap-
'g^ ~ ijit(^x^..J^ plied wherever nec-
essary, followmg all depressions or swellings with fold-
ing and unvarying uniformity. Qjiickly secured by
inserting end under last fojd.

No. 25. Width 2)^ in., 5 yards long (stretched), $ .75
No. 30. Width 3 in., j yards long (stretched), 1 .00

Foot Ball. Belts

Spalding's Foot Ball Shin Guards

vyi in., heavy leather. New style nickeled harness

buckle. Colors: Tan, Orange or Black.

No. 728. Each, 50c.

i}4 in.. Nickel Harness Buckle.. Colors: Tan, Ofange or

Black.

No. 735. Each, 25c.

PROVF.O FATTER.N

No. 8. Canvas, IJVigih 9 inches. Per p.iir. $ ,50

No. 9. Canvas, length 12 inches, " .75

No. 10. Canvas,, length 12 inches,

No. 20. Moleskin, length 12 inches.

No. 30.'. Leather, length 12 incb^s.

.90
1.15
1.39

Spalding's Elastic Foot Ball Be«t

Our elastic belts stretch with the length of body and!
may be attached to jacket and pants, thus forming one
continuous suit. By closely fitting the body the oppos-
ing player has less chances for tackling. They allow
perfect freedom in all positions.

No. I . Width 6 inches. Each, $2.50

Spalding's Elastic Supporter

No. 2

No. 2. With elastic pieces on Side Each.

No. f . Made of best Canton (lannel. one in box. 25c.
No. X. Same style as No. 1, not boxed. 15c.

Bike Jockey Strap Suspensory

For cyclists, atlfletes, base ball, foot
ball, tennis pl.iyers, etc. All elastic,
no buckles. Clean, comfortable and
porous. Three sizes : small, to fit
waist 22 to 28 inches; medium, jo
to 18 inches; large. 40 to 48 inches.
No. 6. Each, 75c.

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF SPORTS MAILED FREE

A. a SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK CHICAOQ
DENVER

AG 6PALDING ^ BROS

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

SPALDING'S FOOT BALL GOODS

FOOT BALL JACKETS

Jacket, extra quality, made of special heavy «/hite
duck, sewed with the best and strongest linen, hand-
made eyelets, with sleeves.

No. O. Each. $1.00

Jacket, same as our No. O, without sleeves.

No. OS. Each, 90c.

J.icket, standard quality, made of good white c.nnvas,

substantially made, with sleeves.

No. 1. Each. 75c.

Jacket, same as our No. 1. without sleeves.

No. IS. Each, 60c.

No. X. Foot Ball Jackets. Each, 50c.

No. XS. Foot Ball Jackets, sleeveless. Each. 40c.

FOOT BALL PANTS

CANVAS

Foot Ball Pants." extra quality, lacc
'front, made of special heavy white duck,
padded both in front -and rear, and
heavily padded on hips and knees.
No. OP. Per pair. $1.50

Fool Ball Pants, standard quality, lace
front, made of good weight of white
■canvas, and well padded throughout.
Mo. IP.. Per pair. $1.25

foot Ball Pants, heavy drill, well

padded.

No. XP. Per pair, 75c.

FOOT BALL PANTS

MOLESKIN

Intercollegiate Foot Ball Pants, lace
front, made of the finest and most ser-
viceable drab moleskin, manufactured
expressly for the purpose. The hips and
knees are heavily padded with fine curled
haij, and the thighs with light wadding.
No. 00. Per pair, $4.50

Foot Bali Pants, lace front, made of
good grade and weight of moleskin,
padded throughout and extra padding
at hips and knees.

No. OWI. Per pain^SS.OO

Spalding's
f;oot Ball Tackling Machine

Spalding's New Foot Ball Tackling
Machine was invented by Captain Gar-
ret Cochran, of the Princeton University
■foot ball team.

It instructs players how to tackle
properly and develops quickness of the
eye, which enables them to tackle with
accuracy.

Complete, $40.00

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF SPORTS MAILED FREE

A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK CHICAGO
DENVER

AG. 6PALDING ^ BR05.

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

SPALDING'S FOOT BALL GOODS

THE SPALDING FOOT BALL SHOE

Finest Kangaroo'Leather,
extra high lace, with cir-
.cular reinforce on sides,
Princeton cleats -on heel
and sole, and hand-made
throughout. Our highest
quality shoe, and every pa
warranted.

No. A2-0. Pair, $7.50

THE

CLUB SPECIAL

SHOE

Russet leather, machine-
sewed, with Princeton
cleats on' heel and sole.

No. A-2. Pair. S4.00

THE UNIVERSITY SHOE

University Shoe. Finest
Russet Calfskin, Prince-
toi} cleats on sole and
hfeel, high cut and hand-
de throughout.

No. A-O. Pair, $5.50

THE

AMATEUR
SPECIAL
SHOE

TTCUsset leather, machjne-
sewed, Princeton cleats..

No. A-3. P.-iir, $3.00

The Spalding Foot Ball Stocking

Our Highest Quality stockings are all wool,
^^avy ribbed, full fashioned, hug the leg closely
but comfortably, and are very durable. Colors:
Black, Navy. Maroon and Scarlet, and any spe.
•cial colors to order.

No. 3"0.. Plain colors. Per pair, $1 .50
No. 3-0« Striped, any colors, to order
_on.ly,. ... ». . Per pair, $1.75

RIBBED STOCKINtlS

Colof4;El&ck,Navy,-JHarooD, Koyal Blue and Scarlet.

WriR. Heavy, . . Per pair, $1 .OO

No. 2R. Medium weight, " ".75
No. 3R. Good weight, "

No. 4R. Cotton, " ,25

STRIPED STOCKINGS-

No. IRS. Heavyweight, Per pair, $1.25

No. 2RS. Medium weight, '' I.OO

Colors: Scarlet and Black. Maroon and
White, Royal Blue and White, Royal Blue
aud Black, Orange and Black, Navy Blue
uid Red. Black and White.

The Rackey Patent AnkleSupport

A. G. Spalding & Bpos., Sole Licensees.

Paleited May 1?, 1897

The No. H supporters are made of soft
tanned leather and are worn over stocking.
They relieve pain immediately and cure a
sprain in a remarkably short time.

No. H. Per pair, $1.00

TheNo. J supporters are made of sols
leather and now used by foot ball players.
Used by all the leading colleges.

No. -J. Per pair, $2.0O

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF SPOKTS MAILED FREE

A. jG. SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK CHICAGO
DENVER

A.g iSPALDlNG .^ BROS:

JVEW YORKAND CHICAGO

PECK & SNYDER'S AMERICAN CLUB SKATES

.^jeel and toe plates of highest quality cold rolled steel.
•^ith- bevel edges. Runners of best welded tool steel
'tempered and edges beveled. Toe and heel plates hand-
w'^ / f1^?. The whole skate highly polished,
tnickel-plated and buffed. Each pair in paper box.
Sizes 8 to 12 inches. '^

No.- 4'. Per pair, $4.00

JHeel and toe plates of best quality cold rolled steeL
edees b^ver^H"''^"" tool steelluhne^rs, tempe ed and
skffe i,lrv, , Engraved toe and heel plat^. Entire

No. 2. Per. pair, $2.50

Welded tool steel runners hardened, and tempered
No. 4-0. Per pair. $1.75

n,)Jl^i^?^ f«I runners hardened and tempered. Other
No. 3K). Perpair, $I.S

^ur°A "■^^' *^"*^ *'^' «?<■ <•"«« sted, highly nickel

^Dli- 1*"^^?^^ of besi cold rolled s ee^r^S n eke ■

plated. Each pair paper wrapped. Sizes 3 to 12 inchw.

No. 00. Per pair. 75c,

I>eck & Snyder's
Professional Racing Skate

«.«*"iI'*L 7'^^°?^"y tops, highest tempered 5teel run-
teS^j^'V"'^'!"* ""^ handsomely- ^lished,ru^t
^t^^ll^lV.''''"^'- Madei/thTeelength^"^*

No. 5. .Rer pair, $5.Q0

b^s^tWedS^e? '^ri' ^''^''' ^"'"^'^- ^""^rsol
ITo I2 inch«- ^ ^'"' ^"' ^'^" ^'^PP^<I- Sizes

No. o. Per pair. 50c.

.. Peck & Snyder's
New Racing and Speed Skate

No. 6

Screw Heel, with Toe Straps.

<6and 18 inch bUdes, in sizes 10, loj^, n, and iiK

hiL'i^i= M '^'^ '"P" *" *P''"« or give way. Tool sted

bades highly tempered, ,-,6 incT; wifle' Ali nickel-

plated anlpohshej. The strongest and speed^t racer

Nq^C.. Per.pai!> $3.00

YORK

-AG.SPALDI1HG&BR0&

CHICAGO

DENVER

AG. 5PALDIN0 U BR05.

NEW YORK" AND CHICAGO

PECK & SNYDER'S AMERICAN CLUB SKATES

No. 4L

. Highest quality welded and tempered bevel edged
«feel runilers. > The entire skate highly polished, nickel-
plated and neatly engraved. Green straps and extra fine
finish throughour; Each pair in paper box. Sizes? to
1 1 inches.

No. 4t. ' Per pair, $5.00

No. 4 OL

Welded steel runners, tempeied, nickel-plated and
buffed throughout. Russet straps. Each pair in paper
box. Sizes 8 to 1 1 inches.

No. 4-OL. Per pair, $2.50

No OL

Best rolled steel runners, highly polished. Other
parts of cold rolled" steel. Russet straps. Each pair
paper wrapped. Sizes 8 to ii inches.

No. Ot. Pel pah-, $1.00

Best welded stee! runners, tempered and beveled
edges.. Other parts of highest quality? cold rolled steel.
All parts nickel-plated and buffed. New style foot plate.
Neatly engraved. Maroon -straps. Each pair- in paper
box., Sizes 8 to 11 inches.

No. 2t. Per pair, $3.25

No. 2 OL

Best cold rolled steel runners. All parts are nickel-
plated and buffed. Russet leather straps, ^ach pair
paper wrapped. Sizes 8 to it inches.

No. 2-OL. Per pair, $1.50

Made With bright finished cold rolled jteel foot plates
polished rolled ca-st steel runners, russet leather strapS)
Each pair paper wrapped. Sizes 8 to 1 1 inches.
No. 19. Per pair, 75c.

NEW YORK

A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

CHICAGO

Denver

A.C. 5PALDING 6 5R05

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

TJie bnckets oa^ ot oy/ Hocke^'
Skate* an o{ extn quality cted
and warranted not to breakj* J* J* >

Canadian Hockey Pattern. Designed after models submitted by the leading hockey players, pinest quality
d V " ■

hardened and tempered welded swel runners, extra heavy ejectro-nicksl-plated and highly polished,
box. Sizes 10 to 1 1^;^ inches.

No. 8J. Per pair, $5.0Q

'Each pair in

^— ossa^^^'oai*''"^ -

— «^^

Canadian Hockey Pattern. Finest quality welded steel
runners, carefully hardened and tempered- Each pair-
in paper box. .Sizes lo to ii^i inches.

No. 5H. Nickel-pjated and buffed,
Mo. 4H. . polished and blued top.

■$3.00
2.0O

Half cLimp f.istenings, button heels, highly- tempered
and hardened, welded steel runners, handsomely nickel-
pl.ited and buffed throughout. Each pair in paper box.
Sizes 10 to uj^ inches.

No- 6H. Per pair 34.50

Full clamp fastenings, highly tempered and harderved,
welded steel runners, flrtely nickel-plated throughout
and'-JjufTed. ' Each pair in paper box.

>o,7H. .Per pair. $4.5a'

American Club Lever fastenings, highly tempered and
hardened., welded iteel runners. Entire, skate hand-

somely, nickel-phited and buffed,
box • Sizes lo to ii}4 inches.

Vo. 3H. Per pair, S4.50

Each pair in jjaper

''American Club Lever ..Fastenings, best cold rolled steel
runners, nickel-plated throughout. Each, pair in pape»
box. Sizes lo to _i iK inches.

No. 2H. Per pair, «2.80

Americ.in Club Lever F.istenings, best cold rolled steel
ninners, highly polished. Bright finish. Each- pair in
paper box. Sizes lo to 1 1 J^ inches.

No. IH. Per pair. $l.50

NEW YORK

A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

CHICAGO

DENVER

AG 5PALDING &3R05.

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

SPALDING'S ATHLETIC SWEATERS

^^m

/• HIGHEST QUALITY" SWEATERS

ire in;ide of the very finest Austnliin
l;imb's wool ;ind are exceedingly soft and
pleiisiint to we;ir. They are full fashioned
to body and arms and without seams of
any kind. The various grades in our
'• Highest Qiialily" Sweaters are id enticil
in quality and finish, the difference in
price being du? entirely to variations in
weight.

We call special attention to the "Inter-
collegiate " grade, which was originally
made by special order for the Yale foot
ball eleven and are now exalusively used
by all Intercollegiate players. They are
considerably heavier than the heaviest
sweater ever knitted and Cannot be fur-
nished by any other maker, as we have
exclusive control of this special weight

PTo. A. "Intercollegiate, sp<cial wet jftt,. - $6X0

No. B. Heavyweight, 5.00.

No.,C Standard Weight, ... - 4XX)
Colors: White, Navy Blue, Black and Maroon.

R!BBED SWEATERS

Colors: White, Maroon, Navy Blue and Black.
Our No. 9 Swe.iter is made of pure wool, full shaped to
body and arms. It is guaranteed superior to any sweater
of equal price. Guaranteed absolutely all wool.
No. 9. Medium weight, SI .50

Our No. 1 1 is not all wool, but contains more of it than
most sweaters usu.illy sold as all wool sweaters at a high

^"^** No. II. Medi'-mweight. »1.00

SHAKER SWEATERS

We introduce this season a line of sweaters to fill >
demand for as heavy a weight as our '• Highest Quality "
grade, but at a lower price, and after much experimenting,
we are in a position to offer this line in Black, Navy Blue,
Maroon or White, as follows :

No. I. Same weight as No. A. $4.50

No.' 2. Same weight as No. B. 3.50

No. 3. Same weight as No. C. 2.75

These sweaters are the celebrated "Shaker" weave,

which we control, and at the above prices are absolutely

the best value for fine, heavy weight sweaters ever offered.

Complete Catalogue of A thletic Goods Free.

A. G. SPALDING & BROS,

NEW YORK CHICAGO

DENVER

The

Spalding:
League

IS THE ONLY J^^

OFFICIAL BALL

Of the
National League

And MUST Be Used in All Games

7a/c

^ceA/ /'^^f^f

/2/u^(2-'

y^^Aj

A. Q. SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK DhNVeR CHICAQO

One Standard of Quality
in Athletic Goods

•'THE SPALDING"

Our Exclusive
Trade-Mark

Spalding's

/"AiX! • 1 Athletic

OiTicial Goods

Are standard of quality, and are
recognized as such by all the
leading organizations control-
ling sports, who invarialy adopt
Spalding's goods as the best
that can be made.

03
Oh
CO

" Official League Base Ball
Official
Official
Official
Official
Official
Official
Official

cofleiTate FoOt Ball

^^^ Foot Ball
Basket Ball
Indoor Base Ball
Polo Ball
Athletic Imple'ts
Boxing Gloves

If a dealer does not carry Spalding's
athletic goods in stock, send your name
and address to us (and his, too) for a
copy of our handsome illustrated catalogue.

A. Q. SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK

DENVER

CHICAGO

A O 5PALDIN0 U 5R05

.THE "SPALDING" No. M^

THE "SPALDING"-Cane Handle

New Model. Frame, finest quality. white ash, handsomely polished; stringing, finest quality imported g[ut,-
rosewood throat-piece; spliced cane handle extending through throat-piece, giving additional strength and driving
power. Hand-made throughout, of finest possible workmanship, as indicated by our special trade-mark, indicating
highest.quality. No. 13. Each, $7.00

THE "SPALDING^'— Combed Mahogany Handle

New Model. Frame, finest quality white ash, handsomely polished, stringing, finest quality imported gut
This racket is hand-made throughout; all work, material and finish of highest quality obtainable, as indicate4 by
our special trade-mark, indicating highest quality.

No. 14. Each, $6.00-

THE "SLOCUM TOURNAMENT"

Finest white ash frame; stringing of best oriental white gut; oak throat-piece, antique finish; polished maKogahy

.handle, finely checkered, leather capped- ^'

No. I I . Each, $5.0O .

THE "SLOCUM"

Frame of selected white ash; white oriental "B" main strings and red cross strings; bafc throat-piece, antique

finish; cedar or cork handle, polished and check^ed, leather capped.

' No. 9. Cedar Handle, EacH. $4.00

No. 9C. Cork Handle, 4.60

THE "SLOCUM JUNIOR"

Frameoffinewhiteash; polished walnut throat-piece; checkered cedar handle, and strung with all white orientalgut
No. 8. The "Slocum lunior' Racket. Each, $3.00

A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK CHICAGO DENVER

A.G.5PALDIN0 6 5R05

THE WHITELY EXERCISER^

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

-.^^^,

An ideal gymnnsium for home use. Weighs less than two pounds. Has no weights. Can t>e put up
permanently in two minutes without tools of any kind. With a fe.w extra hooks, can be used in any room
in the house. The hooks are of steel wire and do not injure the woodwork. No straps to buckle. No
weights to change; self-.idjustmg resistance. No de^cf'weights— you'll think it's alive. Exercises all the
muscles, not the upper limbs only.

Whitely ^'Special

and "Anderson's Physical Education**
Complete, in box, with charts,
foot attachment, door hinge at- ^— f^f\
tachment and package of hooks. jjS Ijll
Choice of heavy, medium or light Hr>^*^y^
'.able.

Whitely ^'Olympian"

and "Anderson's Physical EJwatiOft*'

•'Complete, in box, with foot at-
tacTiment, door-hinge attachment ^ , j-<^
and package of- hooks. Choice xA ilLf
of either extra heavy, heavy, me-"^ *»v\/
dium, light or child's cable.

Wliitely "'standard^'

and "Anderson's Physical Education'*

Complete, in box, with foot at-
tachment, door-hinge attachment "^^ *\/v
and package of hooks. Choice X3iOO
of either heavy, medium, lighter S'^^/W/

chiid's cable.

Whitely ^^ Vim'' and chart.

Complete, in bo){, with foot
attachment, door-hinge attach-
ment and package of hooks..
Choice of either heavy, me-
dium, light or child's cable.
With "Anderson's Physical
Education," 25 Cents extra. I

$2.00

CovipleU Catalogue of Athletic Goods Free.

A. G. SPALDING & BROS,

NEW YORK

CHICAGO

DENVER

A.C.5PALDING&BROS

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

THE SPALDING GOLF CLUBS

ALL STYLES. EACH, $1.50

RE made by Scotch and Eng;tish club makers and are entirely hand-
made. The heads are made from the very best selected and seasoned
dogwood, persimmon and compressed hickory. The compressed c^bs are
faced with or wrthoot the very best English leather, as preferred. TbV shafts
are made from the very best selected A J white, second-growth hickory, well
seasoned. These clubs are guaranteed perfect as to shape, lie and weigfhts,
while the finish is the best.

BRASSIE BULGERS
BRASSIE DRIVERS
STRAIGHT FACED

BRASSE BULGERS
BRASSIE BAPS
BRASSIE NIBLICKS
BRASSIE SPOONS
BAITY SPOONS

I variety of patUrps of either wood or

BULGERS

DRIVERS

STRAIGHT FACED BULGERS

BAPS

LONG SPOONS

MEDIUM SPOONS

SHORT SPOONS

PUTTERS

IE SPALDINO- »r.de wc make ,
•pMlal pMtlcrns In any quantity witbin Un day*.

Cbc "Spaldind" One-Piccc €iub$

No. J. Driver, Each, $2.00
No. 2. Brassie, " 2.00

UNBREAKABLE FEATURE OF SPALDING CLUBS

WE wish to draw particular attention to the unbreakable quality of our
clubs. It is an impossibility to break them at the neck. We have
been experimenting for a long time and have discovered a process which,
.illhough it increases 'the cost of making a head nearly 50 per cent., leaves
It prjcfically unbreakable. If placed in a vise and repeatedly struck with
:i hiimmer the neck can be bent over, and by twisting back and forth can
be separated from the head, but it is imposs^ible to break one with ;inv
kind of a direct blow In a recent lest made by a well-known professionaC
it required all his strength with a large hammer to bend the neck sufficient
to separate it from the head.

Complete Catalogue of all Athletic Sports mailed free.

A. G. SPALDING & BROS,

NEW YORK

CHICAGO

A.C.5PALDING 6 BR05

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

Il^NOobt(L^^

ALL STYLES. EACH. $1.50

THB^'SPALDINQ" MIQ IRONS

No. « Mia Iron, with straight face-ind back, (toe.

No, ± Cenlraject Mid Iron, has back cenvexed to a point Trom top To sole and Iromliccl tb
No. 3 Forrester's Mid Iron, has back coavexed (roiD too ta sole ami from bed (9 IQe. and

face slightly bulged.
No. 4 Findlay's Model No. I, long nlTrow liead, with 'Straight Tace-as? back.
No. $ Findlty'i^ Model No. 3, has sboit narrow head, straight face *ad back.

THE^SPALDINQ" DRIVINQ IRUrf

Na. t Oriving TTon, with straight face and back.

No. « iDriving Iron, has straight face and back, loBg iockel'lBd long^ (^ tud U^.t ififfle

more loft than ordinary Driving Iron.
^9' % Ocivihg Iron, similar to JCq. i, but narrower head and UgKleb

THE USPALDINO" LOFTERS

iR^ t) (.ofter, wTfh coireave. ace and 'Convex back.

Noi 81 Centraject Lofler, with back convcxed to a point rroilitopG3I^e4>^tiSffltIqSd!S£EL

No. iSi Lofter. made nlra narrow with a heavy lole (0tpla}in£(Iiiaii^tilIIg|^(t6

'NO!t « Lofter, with straight face aodbacV.

t(7> 9 Jigger« ;>i»nari0«1iead, straight fac«

THE wspAioiNo* PurreRs

No. « P)nttr,«rTfh'94w'iiteda«e1t.

No, 9 Cun Metal Putter, wiih«nra broad, face.

No. 3 Sent llecl Patter, with straight face and back.

Nut 4 DiamOnd'^BacV Putter, straight face, narrow bltlS CSd SStSSSlAt^ Bitk

Sa. S Pullin^Cleek. with stni£l)t (ace and back.

Cbe 'Xrait" Patent Bfa$$ie CleeK*

Thtpee of this Geek is hollowed out and filled ibith wood, and a battpas
as "sweet" off tbe Cleek face as it does off 9 Drrver,
U is unquestionably the longest Driving QC/Aitade.

Price. $2.0^

Complete Catglogue of all Athletic Sports mailed free.

A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK

CHICAGO

AG 5PALDIN0 U BROS

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

fft* Sptldlnf -No. A M«rUO(^

Complete Catalogue of all Athletic Sports vi ailed free .

A. G. SPALDING & BROS,

NEW YORK

CHICAGO

AC 5PALDIN0 6 5R05.

S)f . NEW- YORK AND CHICAGO

SPALDING'S MOUNE PLATFORM

ENDORSED BV'

THE

LEADING

PROFESSIONAL

BAG

PUNCHERS

No. I, Flatform complete, without Bag, SIO.0O

THE ffiost delightfully exhilarating indoor exercise is unquestionably that of vigorously punching a \\ff!%
air-inflated bag against a reliable responsive disc. It has, unfortunately, been deterred from occupying
its proper place as a home exerciser by the unwieldy size, weight and general
unsuitabiiity of the. ordinary gymnasium disc and its many useless substitutes.

Our Moline Platform, is adjustable in height, readily attached to any wajl, and the
Side bracket so arranged that it touches three rows of studding.

Neat in design and handsomely finished, it in no way detracts from the appearance
of the room, does' not obstruct the light, and overcomes many other objectionable features
«fthe"cld style disc usually costing double the priced The. arrangement of the face of
lherim> permits of two speeds, slow and fast. The part designed for fast work is
jnuch quicker than the fastest work obtainable in any other platform.

The changing of speeds is an entirely new and exclusive feature, and offers a wide
range of clever combinations and scientific work. Each platform is supplied with
♦verything necessary for attaching to wall, and crated ready for shipment.

o
Cotnplete Catalogue of Athletic Goods Free.

A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK CHICAGO DENVER

AG 5PALDING U BROS

_NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

SPALDING'S BOXING GLOVES

Spaldiitd's Special

PATENTED

r-§^'

''mr Glove

T'HE "CLUB" BOXING GLOVES are m'.\de after the same genenil design as our
"Championship" glove, with the addition of an entirely new idea (which has
been patented and is controlled by us) for the protection of the thumb, consisting
of an open pocket in the end of the glove where the thumb naturally rests when
the hand is closed in the glove, thus giving absolute protection to the thumb when
boxing. Xhe wrists are padded, and the glove is made in such a -way that a per-
fect pad for the heel of the hand is provided. Each glove has the celebrated Graham
grip. The leather is very fine and of superior quality. The filling is of the best
curled hair obtainable and the workmanship of the highest grade. We commend
this glove as one that can be used without any chance of injury to the thumbs,
hands or wrists. Each glove is thoroughly examined, and they are packed one set
of four gloves in a box.

The "Club" Boxing Glove, 8 oz., very soft. The glove for Instructors

and Amateurs.

No. 1 20. Per set of four, $7.00

The •'Club." frofcssiona! Size. Laced Wristband, s oz.
No. 122. Per set of four. $7.0O

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF SPORTS* MAILED FREE

A. G. SPALDING & BROS

NEW YORK CHICAGO
DENVER

A.G. 5PALDING ^ E)R06

m NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

SPALDING'S BOXING GLOVES

Corbett P.ittern, 5 oz. regulation gambia tan leather,

padded with best curled hair, laced wristband.

No. 9. . Per set. $3.75

Coibett Pattern, gambin tan leather, well padded with
hair, laced wfistband.

No. M . Per set. $3.75

Corbett Pattern, soft olive tanned leather, well padded
with hair, laced wristband.
No. 13. Per set, $3.00

ho. 9. Corbett Pattern

Corbett Pattern, soft olive

tanned leather, well padded

with hair, laced wristband.

No. 15. Per set, $2.50

Corbett Pattern, soft craven
tan- leather, well padded
with hair
No. 1.9. Per set, $2.00

Corbett P.ittern, light col-
ored soft tanned leather;
nicely padded with hair,
laced wristband.
No 21. Per set. $l.50

Regular Pattern, light col-
ored soft tanned leather, well
padded with hair, laced
wristband
No. 23. Per set. $1.25

No. tS. Corbett Pattern No. 23. Regular Pattern

YOUTHS' GLOVES

All Styles Padded with Hall

Youths' size, Corbett Pattern, soft craverf tin leather, well paddea,

laced wristband.

No. 35. Perset. $l.50

Youths' size. Corbett Pattern, soft tanned leather, laced wristband.
No. 30. Perset. $1.25

Youths' size, regular pattern, soft tanned leather. laced wristband.
No. 25. Perset. $1.00

No. 2S.»
Regular Pattern

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF SPORTS MAILED FREE

A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK CHICAGO
DENVER

AG. 6PALDING 6 BR05

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

SPALDING'S POLO GOODS

SPALDING'S POLO STICKS

"Highest auality" Polo Stick, made of the finest second
growth hickory and modeled after the latest and most
approved patterns. Handle wrapped with electric t?pe.
No. AA. Each, 75c.
"League" Polo Slick, selected second growth hickory, handsomely
•• finished.
No. A. Each, 50c.
'Standard" Polo Stick, selected second growth ash and nicely finished.
* No. B. Each, 25c.

No. C. "Junior" Polo Stick.
No. D. Boys' Polo Stick,

lOc.
5c.

The Spalding Official Polo Ball

IT Certify That the SpaWin^ League
Polo Ball is the Official Ball . of the
National Polo Association, and is used
in all match games o»j»o'j»,j'Jtjt>^

Spalding's

New Model Hockey

Sticks

3pllced Handle

Made of the very best matefial, according to the latest
Polo regulations. None genuine without our trade-mark
on each ball and box. ,Each ball wrapped in tin foil and
put in a separate box and sealed in accordance with the
League'regulations.

No. I. OfTicial Polo Ball. Each, $1.00

Each, 25c.

Practice Balls

No. 2. Regulatipn Polo Ball.
No. 3. Amateur Polo Ball.

]

niHll No. 4.

Sbin duard No. 6.

Polo Leg and Shin Guards

Shin auards

Canvas. . . Per pair. $ .75

Canvas. , . " .90

Moleskin. " 1.15

Leather. '• 1.35

Lee Ouards

Leathei". . , Per pair, $2.50

Canvas. . . •« 2.00

No. 9.
No. 10.
No. 20.
No. 30.

Spalding s "Expert" HocKey Sticks, new' model
Finest selected ash, with handle spliced on in same style
as used in our highest grade golf sticks. This gives
lar greater resiliency and driving power than possible in
any one-piece stick; Highly commended by expert
P^^y"^- No. 4X. ^-^ach, 75c.

Spalding's Regulation One-piece Hockey Stick, selected

material and well finished.

No. 3X. Each. 50c.

Puck

Regulation size and weight.
Nq. 13. Each. 50c.

Books of. Rules

\a%' S"'''"^' "°'u''7 ^"^ Po'°- <:ontaining Rules
and R^egulations. with diagram of field of play; alstf
valuable hints on the management of teams. lOc.'
^°-/^'OJf"^^''^ 'ce Hockey Guide, cont.iining Rules
ofthediflerent associations, " lOc.

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF SPORTS MAILED FREE

A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK GHICAGO
DENVER ^

5PALDIN0 ^ E)R05_^^3fe JVIEW YORK AND CHICAGO
SPALDING^S DOUBLE END BAGS )P

•'5<=i==^3£i=:i5^

THE SPALDING "EXPERT" BAG

Made of finest selected Napa tan leather, and workmanship
Of same quality as in our " Fitzsimmons " Special Bag. Double
stitched, welted seams, reinforced one-piece top. Best quality
P.ira 'rubber bladder. An extremely durable and lively bag.
Complete in box and carefully inspected before packing.

No. 7. Complete in box. Each. S5.00
No. 6. Extra fine olive tanned leather cover. Double stitched,
welted seams, and reinforced one-piece top. Extra well m.nde
throughout. ' Complete, $4.00

No. 5. Regulation size, specially tanned glove leather cover,
one-piece top. welted seams, double stitched and substantially
made. ... Complete. $3.25

Ns> 4. Regulation size, fine. grain leather cover.and well made
'throughout, one-piece top reinforced. Complete. $2.00

No, 3. Medium size, substantial leather cover, one-piece top.
reinforced and welted seams. Complete. $1 .50

No. 2. Medium size, good quality soft tanned leather, sub-
stantially made, two-piece top. double stitched. SI.OO

Each bag complete in box, with bladder, rubber cord for floor
and rope for ceiling attachment.

The one-i^tece top greatly
irenjjlhens the bag where ni(»!|
'1 the strain, comes, and is used

ept where otherwise noted. •

STRIKING BAG GLOVES

Made of tanned kid and extra well padded. Will

protect the hands, and recommended for use with all
striking bags.

No. I. Per pair. SI. 50

Made of soft tanned leather, properly shaped and
padded, substanti.illy put together.

No 2. Per pair. $1.00

Made of soil tanned leather, padded and well made.
' No. 3. Per pair. 50c.

EXTRA BLADDERS

No. B. Bladders for Nos. j and }.

No. 25. Bladders for No. 4.

No. 27. Bladders for Nos. 5 and 6.

Above bladders are carefully inspected and tested be
fofe packing but otherwise not guaranteed in any way.

-BAG PUNCHINO"

Tells how to use the Stri
Bag. Illustrated.

Price. lOc.

Each. 50c,
•■ 50c,
■• 70c,

No. OS. Bladder for No.
teed.

pure gum and fully guaran
Each. $1.25

No. D. Elastic floor attachment for all styles, best

quality cord.

No. 2.
No. 3.

BRASS INFLATERS

Club size, cylinder to inches.
Pocket size, cylinder ^yi inches

Each. 50c.

Each. 50c.
25c.

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF SPORTS MAILED FREE

A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

NEW YORK CHICAGO
DENVER

AG. 6PALDING (i BR05.

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

SPALDING'S SWINGING BAGS

THE SPALDING
^♦CHAMPIONSHIP" BAG

Made in regulation si2e of the finest satin Kangaroo
leather. Sewed with silk, double stitched and rein-
forced throughout, especially at loop. Originally
designed by the famous "Kid" McCoy, and exclusively
used by him in all exhibitions and for training, *-
ideal bag for fast work.

No. 19. Complete in box, $6.00

u . J"P "FITZSIMMONS SPECIAL" BAG

Made of the finest selected Napa tanned leather, extra well made, and

SIMMONS In training and for exhibition purposes. Very light and ex-
spectfd before packing. '

Ko. 18. Complete, in b6x, $5.00

eSreS;;^;^'"^""^:?^;^"^! i^"!^^-"- "L!'"-"^ y^i^-r: in-

The one-piece tap greatly sltengtheoj
the bag at fie point where most of the
strain comes, and is vied in all ttylta
of out swlogiog bjgs lot thl» jcilon.

tended Ibr very speedy work.

Regulation size, olive tanned leather cover, double
Stitched, one-piece top artd welted seams. Reinforced
loop. This bag is particularly adapted for quick work.
No. 12. Complete. In box. $3.50

Regulation size, ttiade of specially tanned glove leather,
substantially put together; one-piece top and welted
seams. Double stitched and reinforced throughout.
No. 1 0. Complete, in box, $3.00

Striking Bgg Swivels

Ball and Socket Artlon

The part containing socket and
to which Vope is att.nched (Fig. 2)
unscrews from base, permitting
the bag to be quickly suspended
•Without readjusting iht height,
and as readilj removed when not
in use.

Ball Bearing

Ball Bearing Swivel, same style as No. 9, with add
tion of ball bearings.

No, 10. Nickel-plated. $a,0O

PI,. 3 s

No. 188. Complete, in box. $5.00

wnt^fllifJ^.I ^'"' """^^ °^ '^"^ '^='f°°" ••''""«d 'eSMier.
well iii.isned. one-piece top and welted seams.

No. 1 7. Complete, in box. $2.00

tni^^.^n!!"" M^^' 7*'t ""^ grain leather coyer, one-piece
top and well made throughout.

No. 16. Complete, in box $1.56

Medium size, soft tanned leather cover, one-piece top

and welted seams. "^ "^

No. 14. Complete, in box, $1.00

£xtra Bladders for Swinging
StiJking Bags

No. B. Bladders for No. 14 bae. Each 50c

No. 25. Bladders for No. 16 baf ■< ' ho^'.

No. 27. Bladders for Nos. 12, 10, 17 bags, " 70c.
The .-ibove bladders are car&fuiiy tested before packing
but not otherwise guaranteed In any way.
Cuaranteed

No. OS. Pure gum bladder for Nos. iS, 18S, i9,Each,$l .25

ittSUStRATnaj^iaTAro^DiroF-spoRfs^ mailed'free

A, a SPALDING & BROS

iron Swivel

Swivel action, japanned iron,
fastens permanently to disc, and
rope is attached to ring.
No. II. Complete, 50c.

NEW YORK CHICAGO
DENVER

AG. 5PALDJNG 6 BROvS.

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

CHEST WEIGHTS FOR HOME EXERCISE

No apparatus for home exercising covers the field 'so thoroughlj as
our Chest Weights listed onjhis page. No instructions are nee-
?ssary, and by siiiiply following the charf furnished with each
Hiachi.ne all the muscles of the, body rruiy be easily and pleasantly exer-
cised and. with suflficienl,. variations in the movements to relieve it of
monotony.

No. 7
CHEST WEIGHT

Single Spalding Chest
WeigJit with Cross
Bar and Double Han-
dles for 2-handed ex-
ercises,
iidapted
rooms.

No. 7. Japan Finish.
Each. $7.50

Especially
laJI

SPALDINQ No. 7
4«.lk. Welghu

No. 6
CHEST WEIGHT

Our No. 6.jehesi
Weight is the same as
our. No. 5 without the
Centre Arm Adjust-
ment

No. 6. iapan Finish'.
Eachj $10,00

No. 5
CHEST WEIGHT

The No. ^ Machine ,,
has the Centre Arm \
Adjustment, which
permits of all the
lower as well as the
direct and upper chest
movements. The va-
rious changes are
(inade by raising oi
lowering the centre
lu-m, requiring but a
few seconds to do it,
and practically com-
bines in one machine
a complete gymna-
sium.
No. 5. Japan Finisll

Each. $ 1 5.00
No. 5A. Nickel-
plated Trimmings.
Each, $18.00

SPALDING No
a«-lt>. Welghte

ATTACHMENTS FOR THE SPALDING WALL MACHINES

FOOT. GEAR. WITH ATTACHMENT

Can be worn either with or withi
out shoe. The inside, .outside, front
or back leg exercises can be obtained
by changing the snap-hcJok from one
ling to another.

No. 2. Price", $i.OO
MEAD ATTACHHENT

SPALDING'S ROWING ATTACHMENT

The Head Atiachmeni ^iin be use'd by simply sn.ip-
ping to one of the.:*'iindles. If helps to develop the
muscles in the neck and b.ick.

No. 3, Each. Sl.OO

For" use in connection with the Spalding Wall Machin*
No 5. No. I . Complete. $8.00

SPECIAL BOOKS ON. PHYSICAL TRAINING.

on -the Cliesi Machine/ 67 Frot tL & Mtiam^

Complete Catalogue of Athletic Goods Free.

k. G. SPALDING & BROS,

NEW YORK CHICAGO

DENVER

A.G.5PALDING 6 BROS.

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

\ KERNS' CELEBRATED ROWING MACHINES

Kerns' Patent Single Scull and Individual Sweep Rowing Machine

TfieTdeal boat for gymnasium, home and training purposes, and is used by the leading athletic clubs, colleges
and prominent oarsmen of the world, it is pronounced by experienced oarsmen to be the most perfect machine
ever produced. The cuts herewith presented will give a general idea of the form in which the machines are built.
They are fitted with the Kerns' Patent Roller Seat and Shoes, the Shoes h:>ving a three-inch adjustment, to suit a
tall or short person. By a thumb-nut a belt can be tightened to any desired degree, and more or less friction can
be thrown into the running parts, so that the resistance during the stroke is the same as that which exists when
forcing a shell-boat through the water. As the machines are intended .for general use, .the pull can be regulated :it
will by turning one screw so that the weaker sex can use the machine with very little resistance; while on the'
Other hand, the resistance can be so increased that the strongest athlete can have the desired resistance.

Single Scull
Rowing Machine

The oars are pivoted in ';uch a way that the operator can handle and
turn them the same as he would durmg the return and feathenng
motion The machines are built for single scull rowing, oair oared, four, six or eight. The machines for crew
rowing are rigged so as to place the men in the same position as they would be in a boat Every machine

is warranted.

No. 700. Kemr' Patent Individual Sweep Rowing Machine, Each, $35.00
No. 600. Kerns' Patent SingU Scull Rowing Machine, " $25.00

Send for
Gymnasium Catalogue

A. G. SPALDING & BROS. ^X^.,.

GYMNASIUM SALES DEPARTMENT AND FACTORY: CHICOPEE FALLS, MASS.
NEW YORK CHICAGO DENVER

Special Outfitters to all

the leading school and

college teams in

new €n9land««

every Toot Ball

Player should have

a copy of our

Catalogue

WRIGHT &
DITSON

NEW ENGLAND HEADQUAR-
TERS for FOOT BALL SUPPLIES

Wright & Ditson Intercollegiate Foot
Ball - - - Each, $4.00
Boys' Foot Ball, - - " $1.75
Morrill Nose Mask, " $1.50

Canvas Jackets, 75c. and $1.00

Canvas Pants,padded.$l , $ 1 .50, 2.00
Moleskin Pants, padded, $3.00, 4.00
Jerseys, - - - $2.00,3.00
Jerseys, striped, - $2.50, 3.50
Sweaters, $2.75, 3.50, 4.50, 5.50
Shin Guards, - 75c. and $1.00

Special Price to Clubs.

WRIGHT & DITSON

344 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

REACH

tf^gt>5.==^^r FOOT BALLS

The only make of Foot Balls
that is perfect in shape — the
outcome of

Highest Quality Material and
Perfect Workmanship.

A. J. REACH CO.

Philadelphia, Pa.

AG 6PALDING 6 BR05

NEW YORK AND CHICAGO

THE SPALDING GYMNASIUM APPARATUS

THE SPALDING Line of Floor Apparatus is conceded by all who have worked on
it to be. by all odds the vciy Ivit, not only in general design, hot in finish, durability
and utility This is particularly the case in our No. O yaulting Horse. No. OB Buck,
Parallel Bars, and Horizontal and faulting T^ars.

THE SPALDING Line of Suspended Apparatus is made with the same degree of
excellence as are our Chest Weights and Floor Apparatus, and contain all the latest
improved ideas. The Climbing and Swinging Apparatus are all tested to at least four
times the degree of strength that will be required of them or can be put on them.

THE SPALDING Gymnasium JVlattresses are made of No. 8 Duck, and sewn by
hand None but the most e.\perienced workmen are employed oti this line of goods (as
upon all others). The manner in which they are made precludes the possibility of their
getting out of shape or "balling up."

THE SPALDING Hiscellaneous Line, which includes Athletic Implements of all
kinds, Boxing Gloves, Fencing Goods, Indian Clubs, Dumb Bells, Wands, etc., are so
thoroughly well known they need no commept, except to say that the same care' and
attention is exercised in their manuficture as heretofore, and which has given them the
World-wide reputation that they possess for excellence, Jiiiish and correctness.

Jn this connection we w.mt to state in the beginning that Gymnasium Outfitting is
not an adjunct to our sporting goods business, as some of our competitors claim, but an
important branch of it. The fact that the name "Spalding" is put on each piece of
apparatus is evicence concl.isive that they are all they should be in every particular. In
Gymnasium Outfltin.fj wc include 1{unning Tracks, Boi^'ling Alleys and Shuffle Boards.

We could, if we so desired, fill pages" with tht names of gymnasiums fitted, up by us, ^>ut do not think thai
necessary. Instead we enumerate a few of the largest in the country that were fitted entirely by us, viz. :

FLOOR
APPARATUS.

SUSPENDED
APPARATUS.

GYMNASIUM
MATTRESSES.

niSCELLA^EOUS
EQUIPriENTS.;

GYMNASIUM
OUTFITTERS.

YALE UN1\ ERSITV, New Haven, Conn.
Y. M. C. A. TRAINING SCHOOL, Springfield, Mass.
UNINERSITV OF MICHIGAN, Ann Arbor, Mkh
ANDERSON NORMAL SCHOOL, New Hiiven, Conn.
DR. SAVAGES PHYSICAL INSTITUTE. New York City.
SCHUYLKILL NAVY ATHLETIC CLUB, Philadelphia, Pa.

Send for A (Z SPAT DTMG ^ RROS Estimates

Gymnasium Catalogue ^* ^* Ori\l^UlL^\J OC DI\WO, on Application

GYMNASIUM SALES DEPARTMENT AND FACTORY: CHICOPEE FALLS, MASS.

NEW YORK CHICAGO DENVER

f'i&l

$500 GYMNASIUM PLAN

FROM

A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

Gymnasium Sales Department, Chieopee Falls, Mass.

No. 6 Chest Weights
No. 5 Chest Weights
No. 9-R Rowing Weight
No. 701 Wrist Roll
No. 700 Sculling Machine
No-V-C Chest Weight
Pair No. 125 Flying Rings
No. 126 Traveling Rings
No. 82 Suspended Parallel Bar
Mo. 76-A Suspended Ho'ri-
. zontal Bar
Spalding Striking Bag

1 No. 98 Cliriibing' Rope
1 Ladin Rowing Machine
I No. 1 Vaulting Horse
I No. 101 Parallel Bar
r No. 72 Horizontal Bar

1 No. 104 Chest Bar

2 No. 101 -B Mats, 4x6 feet
2 No. 100 B Mats, 3x5 feet
1 No. .103-B Mat, jx 10 feet
1 No. 109 Vaulting Standard
I. No. 50 Quarter Circle

23. I No. 25 Jumping Board.

24. I No. S4)j Hitch and Kick

25. I No. 29 Batteau Board

26. 1 No. 28 Incline -Board
' I No. I Medicine Balll

1 Head Harness

25 Pairs i-lb. Dumb Bells and

Hangers
24 Pairs 2-lb. Indian Clubs and

Hangers

2 Dozen 4;.'-foot WandS

Send for
Gymnasium Catalogue

A. G. SPALDING & BROS. =--,..,»,

GYMNASIUM SALES DEPARTMENT AND FACTORY: CHJCOPEE FALLS, MASS,
HEW YORK CHICAGIi DENVER

$200 GYMNASIUM PLAN

A. G. SPALDING & BROb.

Gymnasium Sales Department, Chicopee Falls, Mass,

-1 looooooool I

o
/a o

OO 000 o o

2 No. 6 Chest Weights

I No. (02 Parallel Bar

16.

I Dozen 4,'.'<-foot W.inds

I No. 5 Chest Weic;ht ,

10.

1 No. 75 Horizontal Bar

'7-

12 Pairs i-ib. Dumb Bells and

J-

1 No. 90-C Chest Weight

II.

1 No. 1 11 Vaulting Standard

Hangers

I N0..9-R. Rowing Weight

12.

1 No. 101-B Mat, 4x6 feet

18.

12 Pairs 2-lb. Indian Clubs and

■)■

5 No. 126 Traveling Rings

I).

1 No. '103-B Mat, 5.\io feet

Hangers

1 Pair No. \2<y Flying Rings

14.

1 No. 105 Chest Bar

I No. } Medicine Bali

7--

I No. 98 Climbing Rope

13-

I Laflin Rowing Machine

I Head Harness

,1 No. 96 Climbing Pole

l;™'^"„.a.,ro^e A. G. SPALDING & BROS.

Estimates

on Application

GYMNASIUM SALES DEPARTMENT AND FACTORY: CHICOPEE FALLS, MASS.
NEW YORK CHICAGO DENVER

SPALDING'S

Athletic Library

No. Published Monthly

2. Indian Clubs and Dumb Bells.

4. How to Become a Boxer. [Campbell.

6. How to Phy Lawn Tennis. By Champion

9. The Athlete's Guide. How to Run, Sprint,
Jump, Walk, and Throw Weights.

12. Association Foot Ball.

13. Hand Ball.

14. Curling, Hockey and Polo.

16. Skating. A very practical book. By Champion

18. Fencing. [Geo. D. Phillips.

20. Cricket Guide. By Geo. Wright.

21. Rowing. By E. J. Giannini, Champion Amateur
23. Canoeing. By C. Bowyer Vaux. [Oarsman.

25. Swimming. By Walter G. Douglas.

26. How to Play Foot Ball. By Walter Camp.

27. College Athletics. By M. C. Murphy. [son.

29. Exercising with Pulley Weights. H. S. Ander-

30. How to Play Lacrosse. By W. H. Corbett,
32. Practical Ball Playing. By Arthur A. Irwin.
37. All Around Athletics

39. Lawn Bowls. By Henry Chadwick.

40. Archery. By James S. Mitchel,
42. How to Use the Punching Bag.

5.5. Sporting Rules ; for discus throwing, etc.

58. Bowling. Latest rules and regulations.

62. Military Cycling in the Rocky Mountains. By

Lieut. James A. Moss, U. S. A.

66. Technical Terms of Base Ball.

72. Physical Training Simplified. No Apparatus.

74. Official Ice Hockey Rules; portraits and records.

77. Wrestling.

82. How to Train Properly.

84. The Care of the Body.

87. Athletic Primer. How to make athletic tracks.

88. Official Roller Polo Guide.

89. Indoor Base Ball.

90. Official Golf Guide.

91. Warman's Indian Club Exercises.

92. Official A. A. U. Rules.

93. Athletic Almanac for 1899.

95. Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.

96. Y. M. C. A. Official Handbook for 1899.

97. Spalding's Lawn Tennis Annual.

98. Official Rowing Guide.

100. Official Bicycle Guide.

101. Official Croquet Guide.

1)2. Ground T umbling. [Walter Camp.

103. Official F_ot Ball Guide for 1899. Edited by
04. The Grading of Gymnastic Exercisers. By

Geo. M. Martin.
105. Official Basket Ball Guide for 1899-1900

PRICE, 10 CENTS PER COPY, POSTPAID.

AMERICAN SPORTS PUB. CO.

16 & 18 PARK PLACE, NEW YORK.

Numbers omitted on above list are back numbers of books which have been
republi.<;hed and brought up to date.

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